Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation - 51fly国际课程 (51fly.win)

1#

When a target nucleus is bombarded by an appropriatex)aw:pkqb s6 1 beam of particles, it is possible to pakp:q6x 1sw )broduce

A. a less massive nucleus, but not a more massive one.

B. a more massive nucleus, but not a less massive one.

C. a nucleus with smaller atomic number, but not one with a greater atomic number.

D. a nucleus with greater atomic number, but not one with a smaller atomic number.

E. a nucleus with either greater or smaller atomic number.

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

The mass of a protonoq/ ig fp-7ow6 is $1.6726 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$ and the mass of a neutron is $1.6749 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the mass of this nucleus to be

A. equal to $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

B. less than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

C. greater than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

D. any of these; it depends on the energy released during the capture.

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear reaction, what value is conserved in addition to electr7e9: nse e-oazp1dlc 9/1hyk)q4vp h cic charge, en4 )vnyq:9cppa -91e1dsc okh7zel/ eh ergy, and momentum?

A. atomic number

B. neutron number

C. nucleon number

D. none of the given answers

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

A proton strikes an oxygen-18 nucleus producing fli.0o7iu5mif /c3r dywuorine-18 and another particle. What ot w.3o5diii/yr0fu7cm her particle is produced by this nuclear reaction?

A. a neutron

B. an $\alpha$ particle

C. an $b-$ particle

D. an $b+$ particle

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5#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is sai 5wrc7fv39l*hc y7k wkd to be exothermic if the total kinetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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6#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be endothermic if the total kinetic energy istfp vk1-aw21 qb3m9pp

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

The process during which a nt , ki f4h,w0vy8q3 zs8g*xsnheavy nucleus such as uranium splits into two intermediate-sized nuclei after being struck by anfgi s 0,*vyxhzn, 4s3w8q8t k neutron is referred to as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

The process during which small o 3aif vhy(;d,mc*)av nuclei combine to form larger ones is referred to asd3y (h ,m)*oiafvcv;a

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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9#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

How does the total mass o y3fysl tdn1bta 89/h/f the products of a nuclear fission reaction compare to syan9by /3 /hdf tt8l1the mass of the original elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

How does the mass of the products of a nuclear fusion reaction compar90zmkeu -p4le. i*u)txw6 itme to the mass of the original elemlukx6u e4it)zm* te9 w pi.0-ments?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

When light elements such as hydcq 1--qrx4dyhocb sk w,3h-i7rogen undergo fusion,

A. there is a loss of mass.

B. there is an increase in mass.

C. there is no change in mass.

D. electric charge can be annihilated.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fission is-qomk8di: i c4m2*lgx

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fusion in the center of the Sun is1/djrk/+ 7 rh-h n6ipy* 8bmppihq*ha

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

The energy radiated by a star, such as tc*u iyb3y m6/pt3v dx gzlw;7+jt )m(1o8dtwdhe Sun, results from

A. beta decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. fission reactions.

D. fusion reactions.

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

What is the source of the energy the Sun ra-u yhz7.d/t wjdiates to us?

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

What is the principle difference between a hydrogen bomb and a urm(a cayp-u(kp*h:x ;canium bomb?

A. A uranium bomb is an atomic bomb, and a hydrogen bomb is a nuclear bomb.

B. A uranium bomb utilizes a fission reaction whereas a hydrogen bomb utilizes a fusion reaction.

C. Both work on the same principle, but the hydrogen bomb has a higher yield.

D. A hydrogen bomb converts mass into energy, whereas a uranium bomb does not.

E. One results in radioactive fallout, and the other does not.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

One sometimes hears reference to a "20-kilotoniol5y5omg;9 ;p(+ x- oxzy wyg" bomb. What does this mean?

A. It means 20,000 tons of nuclear explosive is used in the bomb.

B. It means that the number of "fissile" nuclei is equal to the number of trinitrotoluene molecules in 20,000 tons of TNT explosive.

C. It means that the total weight of the bomb (not just the uranium) is 20,000 tons.

D. It means that the energy released by the bomb is equal to the energy released when 20,000 tons of TNT is exploded.

E. This refers to the maximum pressure generated by the bomb when it explodes.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

What is the meaning of the term "critical m ,fh0z3xatbn ws921 cgass"?

A. This refers to the mass of the "critical" elements in a reactor, i.e., the uranium or plutonium.

B. This refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction.

C. This is the amount of mass needed to make a power reactor economically feasible.

D. This is the material which is just on the verge of becoming radioactive.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

A chain reaction can oc7d x prs: g1-0abybps+cur

A. in any uranium core.

B. when critical mass is reached.

C. in the center of the Sun.

D. when the coolant is too hot.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

The chief hazard of radiation damage to djdp q;5m g,fe m1 )v)qx9ya9hliving cells is

A. due to ionization.

B. due to heating.

C. due to the creation of chemical impurities.

D. the creation of new isotopes within the body.

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

What is necessary to stop beta7 (is; h1abunb particles?

A. air alone

B. paper

C. metal foil

D. thick metal

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

What is created in pair produ/6xkta; 8y-dh1 dvzijction?

A. a proton and a positron

B. an electron and an antiproton

C. an electron and a positron

D. an electron and a photon

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

All of the following are units .wy7zrudq;8r7 t lx(x used to describe radiation dosage in humans except; 77dtryz.w x(ru ql8x

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

A unit that measures the effective dose of radiatio2vyk oej*z22x n in a human is the

A. curie.

B. RBE.

C. rad.

D. rem.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

When lead-207 (Z = 82) is bombarded with neutrons, it cana a7vu t.b)8sz)hhi*tkj/6m 3s(d q vs change into

A. lead-208.

B. lead-206.

C. tellurium-208 (Z = 81).

D. bismuth-208 (Z = 83).

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

In the fission reactiou07fsqld a 9bvu4 v +)kgp mcp3fl c-,f2l/d.nn $^{235}U \;+\; ^{1}n \rightarrow ^{141}Ba \;+\; ^{92}Kr \;+\; neutrons$, the number of neutrons produced is

A. zero.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nucleadd,//4(: o sapcqpiof r reaction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^1_0 n \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. $^{12} C$

B. $^{13} C$

C. $^{14} C$

D. $^{15} C$

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reaxn 2e9y(ye z:mry8 jp/d8;ohb-5b osrction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{19}_{10} Ne$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear react.5 o.fko. oaveion: $^{38}_{19} K \;+\; ^1_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{38}_{20} Ca$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reactiidhn+4nh f (nzhq/uwf* q- 2u2on: $^3_1 H \;+\; ^3_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. 2($^1 p$)

B. 2($^1 n$)

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

Complete the followingujzcyl9r w3;*1uxm5 q s3fse 8 nuclear reaction: $^{27}_{13} Al (\alpha, n)$ produces

A. $^{28} P$

B. $^{29} P$

C. $^{30} P$

D. $^{31} P$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

The Q value for a particu -s.lrfnl/g r6wsl;7 llar reaction is -2.4 MeV, and the reaction's threshold energy is 9. 7r nl-r.lws l6lsg;f/60 MeV. What is the ratio of the mass of the incident particle to the mass of the stationary target nucleus?

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the following reaction:xl mgvk9o,k2+la a5f (z* dc4f $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. -0.001279 u

B. -0.002179 u

C. -0.007219 u

D. -.0.009721 u

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the followingybht6:o mbk/k5 ;9j n ro)aei7 reaction: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. $1.191 \; MeV$

B. $-1.191 \; MeV$

C. $1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

D. $-1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

What is the Q value for the followebeai/hdawduiu :066.(u h f,3 0trnm ing reaction? $^{7} Li \;+\; ^1 p \rightarrow ^4 He \;+\; ^4 He$
The isotopic mass for $^7 Li$ is $7.016005 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1 p$ is $1.007825 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4 He$ is $4.002603 u$

A. $13.57 \; MeV$

B. $15.37 \; MeV$

C. $17.35 \; MeV$

D. $17.53 \; MeV$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

What is the energy of reaction of the po jx* n c(g(lwis1a*u1rocess $^9_4 Be \;(\alpha, n)\; ^{12}_6 C$?

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

What is the energy released (positive) or absorbed (negative) in the )s,eq1w/yw snxso**f 94up lbfollowing reaction? y*9u1pbs 4 xn lweq,ss*fow)/ $^3 H \;+\; ^3 H = ^4 He \;+\; 2(^1 n)$
The isotopic mass for $^3H$ is 3.016049 u
The isotopic mass for $^4He$ is 4.002603 u
The isotopic mass for $^1n$ is 1.008665 u

A. $0.0122 \; MeV$

B. $-0.0122 \; MeV$

C. $11.3 \; MeV$

D. $-11.3\; MeV$

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38#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至单题模式搜藏此题

An X-ray technician takes an averajff9o3 erj0rapj7 -4iadaza *ek2 x9- ge of ten X-rays per day and receives 2.5 mrad per X-ray. What is the total dose the technician receives in 250 wo9aarorzpxj7ad2-0jf3-9* k e4 iea fjrking days?

A. $2.50 \; rem$

B. $5.00 \; rem$

C. $6.25 \; rem$

D. $7.75 \; rem$

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