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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V nrlj5*hupt qrqc2. *. graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is ne mae(q ye5-i1/xs2s+ v,dlfdo change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ab *-auk if)(fkbk,p*thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice iac l-ht8e+ jb8 3-dbf.l1xpj tts original volume with no change in its temperature. This process is c pbl+e8-81.hfl-ttj3dx ja b

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressk00lvkwz 2pi cjze9,:, nkj9: gg *egeed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism e::k9nze9lkije,vg2wp jczk*0 , g0g that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an isotherwsb4 np *2;yf3m4 vrcgmal process. The final press 4s*3c 2 mfwbgy;4pnrvure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. Dttgj fu 06 1gk (d/n31:albdgvuring this process, 6 J of eneg6 g :/bn 1(a0kvg1uj3lddtt frgy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an i)vqo vc q p2cx1gla-w, iw*2)qsolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged nq* ic,2xg -aw)po1 l vv)cwqq2o heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicsii pewx (k- 8kfm .2/cqcy9*oy, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an ad3otwy5x72qvg iabaticw5 2y3xvg o7tq process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one conta( ) 8d4ew)ttybp+pbnj4d:yfz ins +y yen:twb d4 )djfb)t48p(pz$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects 3gy us,4, v my*kmu:inexcept that one contains n*ugsmmi 4y: v, ,kuy3$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dng6 dwp1fbhng + soce;/9ta/ 9iagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there7qtznrs0bbt6vuf,ge653n2 id 6 zm)x is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o:ydotd 8 8mlr:f thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at con( ke akb v9vrs6:3vjd6stant pressure as heat is added to it. This prv k9d j(vebas6v3k r:6ocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant (lvdb; olw(8vpressure. As a result, v((8b wovlld;the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PVop5 jvvu1,m b) diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, 2)qgf 7nhthv/a1zr y: there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics)e5qjn j g,m1 gegq4. xe1kw:f, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a ri)gbbx 0vjyh/i tqc*(9gid container that cannot expand as heat energy is added to bbv/q t jh(yx9gc)0i* it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sampp5*1mbs (no0 mqkiwn; le of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal enerim( 15s0 n;pbomn qw*kgy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynah(qh ga/l p21g3kewb9 mics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservo50 s2klz dttb,ir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heal2ou mxyz(qeg * 1i.k4t from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Cla *)y+wwm swn*zusius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through theg ez14.e;mj twxj ox.3t-lxd) cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operatin;3-x.gz.wmdjj)teeox t x1l4 g on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engjbkju-a .4f b1ine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine()u7tlxk;hu5dp uss; is to be 100%, the heat sink must b7uk )x;slu( 5tu;pdh se

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consico5y,ftp+jgw ,pmxzds0(s okz7)v4 .sts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law ofj+vmwdu,)rn-bc bc3x++jsr 0r,4p af thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigp1c5.r 62 .f/ -dljym amwspgd8zx sm:erator is defined as the ratio or j.xm/lp s.z8cdamyp2wd-f m1 5:6sg f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perfm23r w.bsh 3jgsx8-dlormance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of ymxa.8g le5x:ya --p8x aez*xthe water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamic/bl9b d -odh,-ie,gz5 fkol;as, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which odzd9ob a; ,belfhg--i o/ lk5,ne of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodyp jt,q7wn81a xnamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamic;qlyb,rk :1 ( ya4sovphw65fho f/0yn bj*x-k s leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of h,a-0 g e1x 7jw7jlmrvx 7grio-i;1dye eat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in internayaw;7em- r 01jvi oe1xl-ggr 7ji ,d7xl energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. Ws;travkf 45 b2fc2z0ehat is the work d s;2zf av4ret 5k02fbcone in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gapx- e,k2su y:, 3vumcms system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in iuk 2e:m3vc ,,spum-yxnternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabaticallwo dx8 )aue,0mswn: 3e;gdjx9y. What is the change in internal energ8mw,u 3sddea)e:;xnog j90wx y of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. ybgc w9)w.mm*0 u2l kzWhat is the change in inty0mg k)2wz9um.c*wblernal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal ednst*djj* ye ut7 8i 5-ofi.k0qk0f)fnergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the work dij7 dun0ye-*dj.)q8sftkffk 0 o5*tione?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a syste:pcdih6la0 5 e- g2.)wwh pwlhm decreases by 50 J. What is the heat weh): .lw hw0i-c65hpadpgl 2exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is c9*peoiun 3 h.uooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J unp9.3 ue io*hof energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant r/k rksf9ox4/volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles kskr4orf /9/ xof gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water o8rbv o96bvvffgs y37dev79 9 at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of r-2phb.r x5 aoheat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is t2roa-5 pxb.hrhe efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an e .0hc9lx0*hmx9vb mdrc d3f ,ffficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cyclfhlc*99f3cxdr vm,x0.d bmh 0e?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.,n s80,wdv;p bejs qw*6*etnr0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each c8 dpw,e6j*bs ste r*0w;v,nnqycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat ej3v tx -;qpss(ach cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of eacqs;xp -(stv3 jh cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calcu/ (lg)p7zxlu8mbzb:nlate u8npzl/:)zbl7 g(mxb the work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristicp8oz 5hvaiwj6.z*7p r569c / o82vbdmymfvups: combustion chaoo rm2d/8p jv9maw 7pchf*z6.v85 z pvb5i6 uymber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charag qvc0vs 6v)i/vjhn5i 8i4 ok1cteristics: combustion chamber temperature = isjovc8v05i v /q)n6gh1 4ikv$1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following character.be/zb7 0pc rbistics: combustion ch /zbpr7c 0eb.bamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant us vhln60 a 9qsrhl52i0oes $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant: qodt/q:99sxxbj o hm02op7k uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses t4i0 jfo, a2rd0 x(emw$4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engwl i0:pla.zl5 1:avfi ine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an eng/iv qmc3z 3,jzich,h )ine operating betwee)jhicz 3qh,3m/iz cv, n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. Wh fjjv2 kyk8vhe61cr/-hk1 n)uat is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperatunku1y8hehv/ rkkfv1j jc)62 -re of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating+ tvu;e8t w- g5n4 fbl0d.eojyn p/nl+ between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removesyzct)- 35ggp: ir4ryg heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle :i-yg)p rzrgcgy34t5. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat. /u vm3uhdq3ur ft1q2 from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coeffidum.ufr 3h1 v/23 qqtucient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a re7ei 6w usjqb/869rrbm frigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in ea 6q/bb6ms 7e98wjiu rrch cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt: p+eek op: c4fbc-:ra at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in ent oh0+c7vlc 6hpsa+xk8ropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothejkkrslvtxdn0f2x .n 3/ir2z( h( h6m3rmal expansion and its entropy3(.xx/vz rs6hdj22 tl3nn(0 rfki hkm changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at dws lgiub37rz xttebhs. ji- wr+-mu.3m7507$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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