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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V l x:919tt1fhbz *pb.k ah*jlp graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, txhzjqi p5e2u7 a5a0-s9xk 7nffc;6 rbhere is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,o3 6/irk-9xog cili2o $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to fv9i2gdkb)w21li/k8tjz 4 rftwice its original volume with no change in its temperature. This /2wkrg49 i d)fjviz8b12l tkf process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermf3g mfxsi;u/ 9ally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the ffi xgmu 3s/;9change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-halfb,,wwub+ k-p y its original volume during an isothermal b,kbp ywu w+-,process. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from h9 4i/d0qaovh0ntz+r 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which z4av9nh+ qh rtdoi00/ of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolag 37xgq f20jeoted environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. Thjxg 0oeq2g73fis process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,c(z 3 ovfg7atu+ay/ glq7w5 z1 $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is a zq on- pp,-*o0pu6/k0xwzq jcompressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressurwopq-p06kza,0onxzj /*-p uq e of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one cxi* s2fo.+sarho(v 0 yontains io af*+xo(0.yrv 2hs s$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all rrqw0 cxnx 1 qsl;.0*qkespects except that one containsn*1cr00xxq l; kwq.sq $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV di7 dqe(4k ett*cagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric procefwbldl m0/ 50 mkf7h5n67u5kxhwy *ozss, there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,h tu +h-r-ewrdtzs,pp 6 d5d). $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as qwtt4dgu;nf0kswj- 2iu)3 3jheat is added to it. This process isnt 20dg;)j wu3kt 3 s-juiwqf4

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at corjm 6r(;/ fnqonstant pressure. As a resultq/no r(;fm rj6, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on5jo1 mhj cw1(l the PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no change in.3mjrkfl7 ;j8* c7,dotix a ys

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, ;6q / *g11pz1seys3 */tcnwng zhrfzz$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is lby5zu1x-i:2j0rwea3c djh0 added toulz2-je0ar w0y1:d cjxh i3b5 it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are trans i*tg5lkqo:ox p:v v.4ferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the igloxkpot4: *qv 5.: vinternal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynami vn6 .2j2kxvsl42yak 7ba :kyfcs.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heatj2)pmaa3 yj:ct rq+:c 6ss6hi from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heatn l4rp9/c0; exajll *k from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law o9frbe ; gfvy29bwh a0t 8d;,edf thermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cyclq0tz wfwx f3t74o9fk4e, how much work is done by an engine operttwxq9 3z 47wo04kfffating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the o-h . 90tf /uwl2 (xbpgp ;3cpls;zpvrratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is tpc:o 9hre6wp6o be 100%, the heat sink musc: r p9hpw6oe6t be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consisv8gb fk8tmapiyv(:2+f j * o-hts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of ther+j2- luft)):rsleqtl. wr7oemodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a ref v87vv 9s*xdpnrigerator is defined as the ratio od7vv vsx *p8n9f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as ths3ramp o 4;g-;rq2rg wb;rzhs4nxg,; e ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the watr0i7yje ctzwa l d)7 f6/,vk8qer

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermoda6 :v; y uoer(6ct)g- ,rfx6uvqmq) ioynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system,6fvy(6io6oxrm c u)e:gtuq )qa v,-;r which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the sec:cshcn a(, e9iond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of th1 g ex;ylwexmi(nm:9td)1z +iermodynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J,tl n6kwgbp(-:y 4ekn of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change i6(4e -ngbplkn:t ,wky n internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of apa: i0 yrhuz87m vk zjrhaa5827 (-gcheat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the cv7kzauyr zg(hjp2 ah: 08aa 8-m7ri 5process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gaepc0: m hcxu.k(kzf9c.9 vr r9s system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the cha vz(r9 cp kc:xf99.hkume r0c.nge in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chany )((r: j(g clwva0oqnge in internal energy of the g(w v(ac0(lgqrnoy ):j as?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J o: t buzj5s82vnf work. What is the change in internal energs z 5:8vujn2bty?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the interndtihnt; /zf;+a:o ,a lz 0uyb9hn m-k,al energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the waa,k+b;0tt dhn/yiz u;o9zh- l:fn, mork done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy ofda /s/5cg lopt3 /ym91;y qjkh a system decreases by 50 J. What is phacl yjq;s3 dgt//5oy1 /mk9 the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it i,fj/h-3 yjbb xs cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the ga,jfyx -/3j hbbs?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constants2sra:7ixx gr8yvn5 iptg)o25ca *- u volume when 831 J of energy is removed fro r:ax ic855rt)2vy 7i*o2pnaxs gugs-m it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water:tg *(q l8 da uaazx:s+rm3ne1 at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cyclee s6eugj ib+(+3g5-zco 3tyq 04xj vvn. What is the eyn gjt4x v+30 cjo6q3 s-z5igeebv+(ufficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% :tacnbo 26ns6 and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work no2 :b can6st6does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of40xtj7f5c7 qs7 gbcnu heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?jtfcgc7u7s5nq0 47bx

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat eacnhs3*ut3pe8f (p v(ogg d9/mh, f h1cyh cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of ehy 1ehvdn( 9pgs tf/* 38c puo3fmgh,(ach cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcbdwatu1pdc5 6 ,m r0hpa).g2cdl.,i zal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the ,1dr0dpth2imbdw, )zacgp 6lc .. 5auwork done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so ;l,d ulbs/op0 far has the following characteristics: combustion ps0l;ubd /,lochamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followd-7a dbiyg*dt j0t8; g 2mmea,ing characteristics: combustion chama m-mgdyd,t 0;iajb8d e72 *tgber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far+vrxv fm6;7 amr 7wdwjx;x8e1 has the following characteristics: combustion chamberwr6vw;e;x8 v7x am1m 7df +xjr temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Tl*kb wyqoz 9++40.b lpiz)fozvqia0 x *1j0zphe plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generatey0jyu;,ih+mq) 4i lzes 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW yvht+;/j z6dtd a /ya/of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiencytm7z k+ i8)7t+c vruoq of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for a q(g +9lt*d:.oqbw lz-)cgsz an engine operating betwegl .l *t:dbzqzoc ws+ag)-9 q(en $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of thl6,2ah rb0qu ie cold reseuhar iq,bl62 0rvoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating be7 ejwviyb)06q tween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezrls ,htr ,bxe;)/x(4:p cj lxwing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ anbjrhl )e/tpr (4s;w,x l:, xcxd ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of *3 m o 21k)flmpqfwa-b20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coe)o21qp3f- wkmbf lam*fficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absbhuna .7:0f oowo -i/corbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?a-/h: foiwc. uo7n0 bo

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt agx;fu7 n8ey, *:kum xbt $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice fxtyk.7s(1nm aoy/9jfreezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansionbng tsh fqb2 o7m/7c:9 and its entropy changes b7 :q9bc2fmb7/htg osny
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at aovvk2:.-sp98nh :-jxgy z7s4 fy;h ,keg zop$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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