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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has ny q g/i43qx)zz3rt l(po windows, radios, or other means for you to4 3q ztq)grzi/3 pxy(l observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley expe -r 22zqu3k0szmhmk1 sgl.8ux riment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley 0itf3ia1 (5 meg0kbn (od-q53 povp(t2nnwg aconcluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following compg62g z6zma8 dsyze6 hh.v1 gj*onents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity s3o9yb, y 5xgco ,p6gzprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assum1(idf 3 jtie9jptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativity-rjv- hl)7n kc

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in fjkv19e, kk8seria8t(itw/ :w w*d; jzormulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference fra89keit di/ks a,e( wt j1krz8;vj:ww *mes that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of speciopw( lnybo+c3e. /3px al relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special ,2 ypxwt: w;-py edp+,-pkxhtrelativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in 2wi zx48j swesr1cy,4 opvz11 ww.vs4a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the sp8wcoyvss4e2.1x 11vwrs4 ,j4wizzw peed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving cloyh79 v.za)u ad(.jes4 0qh unrck

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined asvq:d -+ dg(;j hp-ddxt $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at ,o3o9 w/dnzy( pwn r1xqs0)ixa very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other 9,(1nrxiyowqd0p sz 3w)n ox /twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mz (3wrle o9g0voving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appr+xt:vyw4kjp 7oaches the vek4:tv py 7j+wxlocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direcmfm) vgulmp9 b2vcz/6 mzp.09tion parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measuredl0pm2p . vu/vzz fm6mbc99)gm by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches thec1m fbr4it 3(p4 ocd-w speed of light, the mass of the particlr 4(w3mb4 fi-c1dpocte

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle ozm75jzf*/q4zgu h 3c approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the paro3zz 5q/ ufjc*hzm7 4gticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure it1 ir)8hj4e8kal mas1hs length at one-half its normal length. From this measuremensi8h418h 1l ) kaearjmt, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic eners 2 i6udr mfs8o8ez85egy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubl8sm u2 esei5z6 dofr88es?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic enev) hdh)j.jb ngs(en81 q,z*yr)n.ze ergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic masnz 1 *syhhve)z,nj.d.g)jer(ne q)8bs doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle jklr 4jkr; /k1of mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.,jt -p w(xx7wx50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on eachxt-pj,x x w(7w ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of r q-)5 vxygn:ndhyr6zdf 0f:dc(vo /p91r z .jseference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spa3w 5z5pp /boqt1ccr5x ceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still watermfcr2b+ik/vrvw + 0; d. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at wkdc mv02 ibfr+ +/r;v1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 miqru/uz 5zn51 /s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat zzqun/1ur5i 5 is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wj lz7tc5 zyjjw6 sahg* apg6 9-9qg6)fith what speed, relative to the shore, does itya6t9gjwzgz9hq*lpg )6 sc ajfj567- move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clockhp;h-wd4 astdt883 vwrj ,j8ct,l 1ok travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observ;tjvwlctj84hw d pd8kso-18r3th,,aer as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet u d- /(crukf/q+bv/- /o idcijand returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has ela b-co i+jc (u/uvfi/q/-/rkddpsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtne/dr( gzk,e+x5dt ttc )y, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her / ec+x5r d,tgdztt k)(return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spacrl-la4 :abzh ,yps *v+e trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 yearz +-*ab 4plhavl: ,yrss according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80df-i1ogg. m e2(:yo2ntg4riz c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocedro 9u8s d.0bket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a8sbrud0d9oe . stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshipk ,u6o2ri0yw pbek2u y711h xc travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lenub0ecp y,1ro uy7x1i6 kwh2k2gth does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sy xvcbc; +8zgn:dxy/ - qmb)zg:ijr0:estem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance doesbrcx) e-g0 vzg;:xb/ +niyc :jzq:m 8d the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 tldbmbz0+y )/light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a bd0 tl+b)/ mzyclock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ligy0ap kzyz; ,)x0c uonl+ mg(,aht years away. A spaceship with a c00yag)u(+kmpx;czn oaz ,yl , onstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. Wxv( a-3ct:l nkhat is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its 2dfl m+t3l7v.pu y8wo;qmj 81jpz : .hiqvd/kmass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, thenlj6q va6mi7my 00s0b m4phd(v your mass will incr h0 jbdm60 6 7syqvi0alpmm(4vease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum inlb9 --i*bals;; reqts $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losu,h68gg oc/y.n uc5.eoszcdk)1ox 6kes $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0za/n7cmh x-s (pby .0s7zfqx; 2 7rzzl kg of material was lost during a reaction2zzb7pha;xz q r0mz- /l n(fs x.7y7cs?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mai;yj nv6r +qcxwsv;i+-/ xt1uss at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in:tt( s+mwu e:y 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much may :ust:+m etw(ss was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whato8b1kdta pu,m , ) qvd)ikvz-8 is the speed of the idqt akz)m81p,,8o db- uv)kvproton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is *(l+t34my-iqrcf i x u80% of its total energy. What is the momentum 3c muxytri4-+*(iflq in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) t:7w v(3b* mraps;(1 mtrffwhduring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during 7 0xd(3qsckasxw ++u6olb: ln-wq0vka reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an 5g0wqw lewzrpe*:x f w04b36selectron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required t9 vfr; j z1jp yi;/8cek)neay)9e8q qxo accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to arqej8ezy v8i 1;/9;)ca) fnjq 9 xeypk velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, d.w,;t z-o*nz/wpfg -m ila9n $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accele2t p/z-bad (gr)rp qe8rated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest)2 taepdgz-rb/r8p(q mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measurmck z2n3 b cv 56jz*hv0nv:7vse the speed of light 3 v6vmbkvs* j5zhnc:2z7cvn 0from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the E0(rkxrtulqn5*ha 2( harth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, whah2 ha5 (0lqukx(r rn*tt is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a cwxio /4ba))nk5j3zespeed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative oek)wj4)in 3 cx5a/zbto a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the E9beg,)nr .9l o oknyi 4:a/watarth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from )na. ,9:no ti9gryeb4olk/aw the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.8w0sr aicpw3y)/ s .d 0x.yg/wi0c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on dsi. / r0y/ 3y0s) xc.iapwgwwthe Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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