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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship wba44)oahx8 tthat has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stxoa 44th)8awb opped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measuei)xcvon) lvi 1g ;+g2 0llh9yre

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results org7y :.u.cu7tph 3wrvuiou,3f their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you usefh* *f kh4zmfve .j 22pv-bw.m15ijkw the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlibm;)/wphr* s pit)5we.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian )ryax4 m94rvxb ufg/b.6j d y6relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special r*3e6cvh-v-c) s *lysmn(stbp g4xn u-elativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulati6 qdy -rq6qj0gng the special theory of relativity was j gd-q6y60rqqthat the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postultsqi x. qqp8r)n 1bx*/; gsya4ve+ z9oate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of spece x4jt/e,:vntcrg8 g,ial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure yng4v1 z r+f7x6iceq;kg p6 ny0our pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would findgc6n 0;nr qx+k 6ev7gpyzf 4i1 that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movyf8(w ycoxm- z/ )w78ozc3j( nrqj.peing clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is 9(lnnv- 2v: s pgnszw9defined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speedu5bcpm s ;,ul) to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. Thel )c;buusm p,5 twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observe,rg)h :dyekk5j7q /s d3m; tc g(,fiiir, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with , pq-7frlvqg;a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The w;qlfg pq-rv7,idth of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direcv v 6.9fxrr 4xgbo90dmtion parallel to its length with a velocity that approachesv rd9mv6 g40fxoxr.b9 the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the partr80j y l1:ly;ma g3z8ali1bvd icl8il;3 gavlr0zya1ylj18 dm : be

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lightcb3ns z qfdpedoz);/+t2pq y+;g u( c*, the momentum of the particleb g+c2+oz(y3* efd;puc )dn sq/qzt ;p

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a /mg1h wg fwx3be* e 7y07 cv7a v(.kq4ni2dqnkvery high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must bebw i k7qc 0wq7h7nxadv (mvn* ee2gf.kg13 y4/

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativi)97i+ gc 0*uwcidgk hkkal70astic mass d0wdhcgul*i0i) 7kc a7 k+k9ag oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the txby f5nq me, hoqrx jg52: g1z0-sof52otal relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativisti2oqb0-yxqggzh f: jfrnox 5e15ms52 ,c mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masseoprq5ho9y x0d5zd 9 0 $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling t r9.w( p k*)2 tsocymgquw;m(strh63 at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun.9r otmtc ys(p.ms2kth)r w(;6* u3qw g The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referencd b:m rjs50 /1lkhfv23 e 9r,ybkuj7lhe?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceshk9ld/*8 xc oke2k gg9pip increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, 2)ecqnxq;vk4 relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading ec4)kx2qvn q;upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. W mo48 p;ks(uteh4;c piith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if p4; m ;s(8oe4 tukpchithe boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative t0+a3k1,0e bhq1vfw -a iu plbso the shore, does it move in a river that is flobe 1 ulf0b0sph,q1vaai+3wk- wing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a mo,y6 5 l (gqpq2dzkayj8ving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observepk(yagql5ydqj , 268zr as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to sdps08cpvjh 4-jr,7 ja planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on thpj0,4 sdc7 -8vshjjrpe spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea a-yr mfo9xa;c2 inp; t-nd Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a spa-pf;9 xoy cnt ai2-r;mce ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a az7rm4z4y o t*space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Uponom r4 tyzza47* returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?84vwl it z;ww,

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of iunc xcljjnj8.(d6o v1n0rp81/nxs) its proper lengtspn ujx/8 )8xo6lr0j1n (in c.cndjv1h (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spacezu)++c e h)iq4:,tt yoa( ysueship travels by you with a speed of 0iee +hzsu:+4t ya(o u)t )qcy,.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alphadcd1jim+ct. 0xgi 7r;-qz n)/i2p zqa Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speediz1n7qipt-c/ ;z.0x ) iqgram2 ddj+c of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, wh *k8shsyk: f7kich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on h *:sk ksy87fkboard the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 l- csdde-x78veight years cvesx d de8--7away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveli4jj,4(v6k j(f zp swdrng at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its s9r4gez0. jo/l8t+1 xb wpiierest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your srcpxe,vij:2 /paceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incrre :ji, /2pvcxease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ia/hnbn.3 nn: w8-pgqwn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elementg: fpu vp2 . xt4y:skm(az1j,m loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kgnmfr0 ja 564rbidch mc/+n) ) vs1w4ik of material was lost during a reactionkis5j/n i c m0nw)4 r+fbc hda1m6)rv4?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kiuyr91 +e( zn rl+6n kd67ejmvrlogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was ; gge4w 5,uz2j. 2ypiyylic-pzfs; :pdropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to ew22p,y;p gefiugi 5:p .zl-jsy ;4cyznd World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is tk;w cr 298p-idth:9mf.qa tzehe speed of the pr 9t drti-k2am9h.z8 e;:fq pwcoton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total e 5knwxono2c o2,wp 28yrk u0)v0e ;kcynergy. What is the momentum ixncoe0) 0r;2 yk 8cyvukwn k2o o5w,2pn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releae3lxj -6pdv2 55 iskpe+u.bw bsed (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction inuxfc(y 6 gy8p: which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving 8-7kmqaal 0 vja1 te6twith a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of m+n5e 7bolukf :c piq)/ass from rest to a velocit5/u7kl q+nfbeic )op:y of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, k.i4 e60e oiqg$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass incredcm(wnk- c cyh,.z 21based with respect to ch- cbz,2cd1 mw.ynk(its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You me ( aa3th bk9- bzom33upr-sw-jasure the speed of la3bz3aj b -m-uwktoh-p93rs( ight from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c rela y 2ut/m wzz/1z35jjaeidy6, d;fugg )tive to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocit , ;agtu3uj)zyi6jf/ 1wzz 2e5dg/mdyy, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is travex6ut 8 v+6-hg mz/as;0e cl586wwojbrmeb v8hling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationarye0u6gs 8bzt evv6wo hah6m;w+8mb5 jr8lcx -/ observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed0vq.ef95n8a 6ckcje p of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a kv0fc6.qj 98p cne5eamissile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Ear8xk dz,(hhyc-s -gv )uth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile -v,z8d k)-gh scux(yhis fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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