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习题练习:Physics Unit14: Heat



 作者: physics发布日期: 2022-08-08 11:28   总分: 79分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 22年08月08日 11:28  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following is the smallest unit 3 +uektdl2g* q2pxa5yof heat energy?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of heat necessary to raise the temperap g(:91r53s fz rvf/wae.lwhwture of 1 gram of water by $1 \; ^{\circ}C$ is referred to as the

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The measure of the average kinetic energy of, gc;ke 0m3qdb individual molecules is referred to gce,0k ;q dm3bas

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A cup of water is scooped up from a swimming pool of water. ;o0yz)zongc 3 Compare the temperature T and the internal energy U of the water, in both the cup and c z)gon0zy;3o the swimming pool.

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The internal energy of an ;d4kt7dowv9i 6f8ae uideal gas depends on

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas at STP is first compressed until its volume is halwy 5:ork/ekw+i :hq(zg4; cvmf the initial volume, and then it is allowed to expand until its pressurerz; g4khe/wi+(5cyq :wv:k om is half the initial pressure. All of this is done while holding the temperature constant. If the initial internal energy of the gas is U, the final internal energy of the gas will be

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas with intern..kupjvclc 9uw y 9q- .dw4/bbal energy U at $200 \; ^{\circ}C$ is heated to $400 \; ^{\circ}C$. Its internal energy then will be

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The reason ocean temperatures dzwu eii./l n0is,,7bto not vary drastically is that

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  It is a well-known fact that water has af+me xp;4+depg h*+bak -jlf8 higher specific heat capacity than iron. Now, consider equal masses of water and iron that are lhef4j+- a pd ge+8 p+fk*xmb;initially in thermal equilibrium. The same amount of heat, 30 calories, is added to each. Which statement is true?

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A thermally isolated system is made up of a hot piece of aluminum and a cold pdza-++ wqda0:bxr2/abbb-p7xe zm5 qiece of copper; the aluminum and the copper are in thermal contact. The specific heat capacity of aluminum is more than double that of copper. Which object experiences the greater magnitude gain or loss of heat during the time the s b2 x adxze+rwad-+bba7m : p0/qbz5q-ystem takes to reach thermal equilibrium?

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Phase changes occur

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The heat required to change a substance from the soli( wwl1agdrkph.q4u f h;g 9tol/v6p0 9d to the liquid state is referred to as thewqk1p;g po0 g(ul/vdlh4 tr wah9.6 9f

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The heat required to change a substance from the liquid to the vapo5 m st0, v: +jhrg ,500if.dlekifti9xziw sm4r state is referred to as txlez0i90t s ,5s4irfm.h wt5kmi dgjfi+v, : 0he

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If heat is added to a pure substance am xz slp-n1v,.j nh3g9 )7bpcnt a steady rate,

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When a solid melts

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When a liquid freezes2x *4yfbm fj:3ay, n1wujyk*;xukca.

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When a liquid evaporz kenw yby1 )a21,l1t4skbf5bates

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When a vapor condenses/aa :9khq rki1

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a cloud formation*un3yerr*2blw gepom 6 (3zq ,se0os ;, water vapor condenses into water droplets which get bigger and bigger until it rains. This will cause the temperature of z,obmlr6y( e*p20 e3u wosrn se3q;*gthe air in the clouds to

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Turning up the flame under a pan of boiling water caukpjv5 :cl2 7+b9qfaq oses

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Equal masses of water a ipa 7w37dywy;t $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ and $80 \; ^{\circ}C$ are mixed. What is the final temperature of the mixture?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A chunk of ice ($T = -20 \; ^{\circ}C$) is added to a thermally insulated container of cold water ($T = 0 \; ^{\circ}C$). What happens in the container?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process whereby heat flows by means of molecular collisions is referred k*6hkk:f;akleqzb;b7: 6m1rs g.oes to a::f;e kea gomsb 1k;lsk.r6k*b67 hqz s

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  By what primary heat transfer mechanism does one end of an ironh99 ha5phzv8y bar become hot when the other end is placehy p5vh99ahz8d in a flame?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  On a cold day, a piece of metal feels much colderdbc5 ug2 zzp,0 to the touch than a piece of wood. This is due to the difference in which one of u,2d0 zz5gpcbthe following physical property?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you double the thickness of a wall built from a homogeneoubcj,/jy vtf2d 8(21pmrev; a ns material, the rate of heat loss fo,(jvr2fn 8;jpc/d 2b yet a1mvr a given temperature difference across the thickness will

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A layer of insulating material with thermal condng sd8 r6m-z1+v )nne 5okr3gtuctivity K is placed on a layer of another material of thermal conductivity 2K. The layers have equal thickness. Wne1gn-+kg36 rso)nv5z t d8mrhat is the effective thermal conductivity of the composite sheet?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process whereby heat flows by the mass movemenzjk(3k c2r5 vkp-f.y it of molecules from one place to another is ref32kkv(i5ypc r . jk-zferred to as

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  By what primary heat transfer mechanism is a pot of water heatg(h3 u,lsdr m.ed on a stove?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Convection can occur3/ b/juhvkc) 93 ialyp

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following best explains why sweating is impoolyb;iy3h u9v(v :f8-(ihoe c p/,hds rtant to humans in maintaining suitable body tempepyoh fuvoc8(; bi39diyh/ ,s-helv :(rature?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship is drifting in an environment where the5km7x aixtp.4zbq4pt *9w y(m acceleration of gravity is essentially zero. As the air on one side of the cabin ibm.z(k wa47im 9p xxqytt4* p5s heated by an electric heater, what is true about the convection currents caused by this heating?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two neighboring rectangular houses buil,sm26x2t nfq . .cmxasul:w 2ht from the same materials. One of the houses has twice the length, width, anx.:n w2scu 2ft,6xmsq2.ham l d height of the other. Under identical climatic conditions, what would be true about the rate that heat would have to be supplied to maintain the same inside temperature on a cold day? Compared to the small house, the larger house would need heat supplied at

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the absolute temperature of a radiator is doubled,8,a)brm xd1y1 ky6 djz by what factor does the radiating power chazr ydkba81j d1,6xmy)nge?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process whereby heat flows in( aa8(4 8zxd ujjp/saz o-jx5c the absence of any medium is referred to as

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  By what primary heat transfer mechanism does the Sun warm tn.vb4nzivhpo,lz -k e3 g9n,:he Earth?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1700 J of work is equivalent to how much h p)wqv. znb +q5w32bikeat?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  16.5 kcal of heat is equivalent to hswlq 6;;1h yyg1 q(zno (pecs.ow much work?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Gasoline yields $4.8 \times 10^{7} \; joules$ per kg when burned. The density of gasoline is approximately the same as that of water, and 1 gal = 3.8 L. How much energy does your car use on a trip of 100 mi if you get 25 mi per gallon?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat is needed to raise the t:;ocf7m)3svfl jc2p hb o( 9giemperature of 100 g of lead ($c = 0.11 \; kcal/kg \cdot ^{\circ}C$) by $15 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If 40 kcal of heat is added to 2.0 kg de5 o uab(6qir4;(jhkof water, what is the resulting temperature ck65(urhbj ; eoidqa(4hange?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 4.0-kg aluminum block i;; 2ku *l a7zvb.nbnhns originally at $10 \; ^{\circ}C$. If 160 kJ of heat is added to the block, what is its final temperature?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  150 kcal of heat raises the temperature of 2.0 kg of materi bjvdtn0 ;f4oq e/dyb:nl l0 -:i2huy:al by $400 ^{\circ}F$. What is the material's specific heat capacity?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A person tries to heatej:fkn,pjlaq8y 8t*+bk wo6/ up her bath water by adding 5.0 L of water at $80 \; ^{\circ}C$ to 60 L of water at $30 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the final temperature of the water?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A machine part consists of 0.10 kg of iron and 0.1/ t.dg 1cs(hok6 kg of copper. How much heat is added to the gear if the temperatur g.khd/1c s(ote increases by $35 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  50 g of lead ($c = 0.11 \; kcal/kg \cdot ^{\circ}C$) at $100 \; ^{\circ}C$ is put into 75 g of water at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the final temperature of the mixture?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 0.600-kg piece of metal is heatedsv, t76plx z1yauc wx, ;li91x to $100 \; ^{\circ}C$ and placed in an aluminum can of mass 0.200-kg which contains 0.500 kg of water initially at $17.3 \; ^{\circ}C$. The final equilibrium temperature of the mixture is $20.2 \; ^{\circ}C$, what is the specific heat of the metal?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 0.10-kg piece of coppern30;(gyo lxh f1kbks9, initially at $95 \; ^{\circ}C$, is dropped into 0.20 kg of water contained in a 0.28-kg aluminum can; the water and aluminum are initially at $15 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the final temperature of the system?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If 50 g of material atl/f sbigw9p92 $100 \; ^{\circ}C$ is mixed with 100 g of water at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$, the final temperature is $40 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the specific heat of the material?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two equal mass objects make up a system that is thermally isolated from its-fslej)4d (v+p(o wo(x0htuzazd 7-g surroundings. Onj otd0zvoe(sfu)axg-h- ldzp( + 4w(7e object has an initial temperature of $100 \; ^{\circ}C$ and the other has an initial temperature of $0 \; ^{\circ}C$. What is the equilibrium temperature of the system, assuming that no phase changes take place for either object? (The hot object has a specific heat capacity that is three times that of the cold object.)

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  On his honeymoon, James Joule attempted to explore the re 8ar au -qzozrb;f++n+lationships between various forms of energy by measuring the rise of temperature of water which had fallen down a waterfall on Mount Blanc. What maximuma ;rbn+ozq u++a8- zrf temperature rise would one expect for a waterfall with a vertical drop of 20 m?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The water flowing over Niagara Falls drops a di,+bgztqs73z z stance of 50 m. Assuming that all the gravitational energy is convertes, b+ztz37 zqgd to thermal energy, by what temperature does the water rise?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 200-L electric water heater uses 2 kW. Assuming no heat loss, how long wouiby:21vrqevb 69u; l8lh 8t ijld it take to heat water in this v;1b :ibl eh vi8ur l2jq68t9ytank from $23 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $75 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A 5000-W heater is used to heat water. How long will it take to heath1j ,x7e :xkdp 20 kg of water frx:p kj1 hex7d,om $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ to $100 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An aluminum kettle (marr8jr: .egd:y )(p tuuss 1000 g, $c = 0.22 \; kcal/kg \cdot ^{\circ}C$) holds 400 g of pure water at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$. The kettle is placed on a 1000 W electric burner and heated to boiling. Assume that all the heat from the burner heats the kettle and its contents, and that a negligible amount of water evaporates before boiling begins. Calculate the amount of time required to bring the water to boil.

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In grinding a steel k(p jhb :t)s:5ykg0c gxnife blade (specific heat = $0.11 \; cal/g \cdot ^{\circ}C$), the metal can get as hot as $400 \; ^{\circ}C$. If the blade has a mass of 80 g, what is the minimum amount of water needed at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$ if the water is not to rise above the boiling point when the hot blade is quenched in it?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat must be removedf3gp3h: b/ ckg6fmn -b from steam to change it to liquid?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ice has a latent heat of fusion of 80 kcal/kg. How much heat is required to mxkci,jfbj t;n) q4 58.e hnpg5elthei5.4cb5;j xg) jtn qp, n8kf 200 g of ice?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat energy is needed to change 10 kg of ice pi*+up;a* afcg; vz2cat $-20 \; ^{\circ}C$ to water at $50 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat needs to be removed from f, j6ee(kp -)cmch1 +j m(vwmo100 g of $85 \; ^{\circ}C$ water to make $-5 \; ^{\circ}C$ ice?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The heat of fusion of ice is 80 kcal/kg. When 50 g of ice +uvc:fkh q3 i8at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ is added to 50 g of water at $25 \; ^{\circ}C$, what is the final temperature?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Eight grams of water in-dou kmbc42-ss gn0b2itially at $100 \; ^{\circ}C$ are poured into a cavity in a very large block of ice initially at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$. How many g of ice melt before thermal equilibrium is attained?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A block of ice at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ is added to a 150-g aluminum calorimeter cup that holds 200 g of water at $10 \; ^{\circ}C$. If all but 2.00 g of ice melt, what was the original mass of the block of ice?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If 2.0 kg of water at( 7t0*s1 (lzgmq)xvtu3p2ubo 1o qfhw $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ is to be vaporized, how much heat must be added?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat energy is needed to chnwxl-//qqkj90 :isd idx.h(sange 10 kg of water at $50 \; ^{\circ}C$ to steam at $120 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat is required to change one gr2bxmf-w 6vd7 eam of $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ ice to $120 \; ^{\circ}C$ steam?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat is required to change 100 g5k)v 5ehn-pg9nu;n sg of $-10 \; ^{\circ}C$ ice to $150 \; ^{\circ}C$ steam?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A person makes ice tea by adding ice to 1.8 kg8ok*7 yfpi32f jjhi,jthnvh66m(v4 i of hot tea, initially at $80 \; ^{\circ}C$. How many kilograms of ice, initially at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$, are required to bring the mixture to $10 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The heat of fusion of lead+ybwn bx.o n; rr7:vh) is 5.9 kcal/kg, and the heat of vaporization is 207 kcal/kg, and its melting point is ;+. v nnbr hyo7b:r)wx$328 \; ^{\circ}C$. How much heat is required to melt 50 g of lead initially at $23 \; ^{\circ}C$? (The specific heat of lead is $0.031 \; kcal/kg \cdot ^{\circ}C$)

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The thermal conductivity of .4phi0 5fm u/tr)j u+w6neshlconcrete is $0.8 \; W/m \cdot ^{\circ}C$ and the thermal conductivity of wood is $1.1 \; W/m \cdot ^{\circ}C$. How thick would a solid concrete wall have to be in order to have the same rate of flow through it as an 8-cm thick wall made of solid wood? (Assume both walls have the same surface area.)

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The thermal conductivit-s.aftxdas+oi *m 5g vly)lc +zu,(w3y of aluminum is twice that of brass. Two rods (one aluminum and the other wvyosz,l+*l a.-u +d35s xcmgf)i t(a brass) are joined together end to end in excellent thermal contact. The rods are of equal lengths and radii. The free end of the brass rod is maintained at $0 \; ^{\circ}C$ and the aluminum's free end is heated to $200 \; ^{\circ}C$. If no heat escapes from the sides of the rods, what is the temperature at the interface between the two metals?

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72#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A window glass 0.50-cm thick has dimensions of 3.0 m bo e1b+hz d0e,yy 1.5 m. If the outside temperature ohb1d0ey+ e,z is $-10 \; ^{\circ}C$ and the inside temperature $20 \; ^{\circ}C$, what is the rate of heat conduction through the window?

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73#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A window glass 0.50-cm thick has dimensions of 3.0 m by*zko kib;7a(k 1.5 m. If the outside temper a(zkokk ;*7ibature is $-10 \; ^{\circ}C$ and the inside temperature is $20 \; ^{\circ}C$, how much heat flows through the window in one hour by conduction only?

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74#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much heat will fl-n+ rvbu4 9ddmow in 1.0 hour through a 2.0 m x 2.0 m section of concrete -mrd+49vbn u d($k = 2.0 \times 10^{-4} \; kcal/s \cdot m \cdot ^{\circ}C$) 10 cm thick if the inside temperature is $21 \; ^{\circ}C$ and the outside temperature is $4 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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75#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How long will it take to transfer 1,000,000 cal of heat throughl9,nffb1g/ ohe .*snc a $2.0 \; m^{2}$ pane of 0.30 cm thick glass ($k = 2.0 \times 10^{-4} \; kcal/s \cdot m \cdot ^{\circ}C$) if the temperature differential is $10 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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76#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the outside temperature if 4000 kcal of heat is lost throuk)a )op ;hfzg ausdm w69e(r9(gh a $4.0 \; m^{2}$ pane of 0.30 cm thick glass ($k = 2.0 \times 10^{-4} \; kcal/s \cdot m \cdot ^{\circ}C$) in one hour from a house kept at $20 \; ^{\circ}C$?

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77#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an electric furnace used for refining steel, the tempwabx4:)rhtfv-l sp1z71b b f8 erature is monitored by r 7avb : zxp-f84 bhl)bw1f1tsmeasuring the radiant power emitted through a small hole of area $0.5 \; cm^{2}$. The furnace acts like a blackbody radiator. If it is to be maintained at a temperature of $1650 \; ^{\circ}C$, at what level should the power radiated through the hole be maintained?

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78#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  At what rate is the human body rad(kcgr3*k aob0 iating energy when it is at $33 \; ^{\circ}C$? Take the body surface area to be $1.4 \; m^{2}$, and approximate the body as a blackbody.

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79#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What temperature exists s uqs84; yhec z,)iu,pinside a solar collector (effective collection area of $15 \; m^{2}$) on a bright sunny day when the outside temperature is $+20 \; ^{\circ}C$? Assume that the collector is thermally insulated, that the Sun radiates the collector with a power per unit area of $600 \; W/m^{2}$, and that the collector acts as a perfect blackbody.

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