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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V gr6 m ,1,ffc-86fp2.x/jhfofnbu rvu qb aph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no chan* g9u0kyq 4zzoge in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,0 e/z(a2x jqpo4*e n*7cfjttz $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no ca:i*c. l6isvs hange in its temperature. This .lsasvi *i:c6process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this ib7 xf9iv-fbyvp5:vb 8. rys3 process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by th 8b5-f vbb: s39vv.fy7ipyxire external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its originakl 94gv2p0sdh l volume during an isothermal process. T4hslvk 2pd9 0ghe final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. Dug4j3r3 z6g zvfq9 skq6ring this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the g6v3 rzfqj6zq4s g93kgas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compresses( okwkrh hu-isx:(6u-m+xj 80 gz f-kd in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundin(r0i -kk:h-oks6j muxs whf+u(xg-8 zgs. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics-n * p, ackp.d-rdudc), $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is comprxa oczrm291e) b,t/d:gytbckb ,d2u) essed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of thebxbmdy2oke 1u)2bcg:r,/a ct9 )td,z gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects lite;i xe0 l /c5:erznva.7e:except that one containsnee;x5 l/7: lz .vrea:ictei0 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinderuy1 qd70m+i9wh9h)tsm hhu c 0s of gas identical in all respects except that one contains hh ) yhcmu0+qd9ti0h uw7s9m1$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dxj: m x3tb a9mg(w:1kviy(uj;iagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, ls:l co/0fq5c 2ej6go there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therm.pq9:pl8ega+i u ,h9md i.pccodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant prt m,,ct lt/bw+pb97f xessure as heat is added to it. This proct,c f/xtmb7w,pt l+ 9bess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy a)fj8u x -vaqc.re transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of .vfj8xa)q- ucthe gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the P o6. m1 gy7jfix:vish8V diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, a)q 6pg6iyplh;q/r;4qz8 ulzthere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicsmndp6q54 triw:7grp- 9 )ap uw, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid contai e-ntg6.6l+s1ifx 2jotkda u4 ner that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This proce1e4n.u- sgt o k6 a+2fxj6dltiss is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideshm58 o/ ix;k1oljg6 ial gas at constant v lhs /ok85m xojg;i6i1olume. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law vj 3ds6v)cg c2-9 kunbof thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from 6wy s-b8k1 bzxqy)j n ag:qt61a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a col . v9qlo7sb,rjvgj-5id reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accornu v;w1k+zeajd93 9 tcding to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Du5iexd3,eb/p r ring one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on this cyi5 xdrep3 /be,cle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the rati6xiq uxjg,6)vkt,n5 y* )rdlgbn*1ff o of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiencye1p)amwi1lqpr6- q8n7 gr4sf of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink musa8pm s-lp4r)1gf nqq ie76 1rwt be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists omq:(9 a hwft oj4:d)fvf

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law 9i60,p vuinmrmozlg03je:,/ l upq1e of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performa yrajs(j z;1c2nce (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of1 azs(jc2y;jr

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defir7*bur 3la: (r)rckdoned as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the wt c2z0zwr8c-) tbj f(9r+bioskbz2e) ater

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur wi5iwm3v,;ms+jz7 hal i c6rw, vd/)fxtthin an isolzm r;l /c,ivhjwtw 6+f5sxa7 , mvi3d)ated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of thev.,q*yi bovzp c60 ,va second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamicsl)u bl7o*ulor- o6vd mw2.j8o leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat iw)m+dgw 2dcywj c7l 3;s removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in internal ed3jmw)gwcl d7 cwy+ 2;nergy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of q,w 5g4gm9ov wy 7j.lm s w4wv:g3wo)vheat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work donm vg:5olw9w.wsw),mg g4 voyj 4v3q7w e in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas sy05s8z,xj c p np)kv5dogbd8 2q10e bfpstem in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in in0 8d1n kj xp z0,sbq8)5gb52pefdp cvoternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabaticallykl-)glu;j7 y 9me mb-y. What is the change in i9-gym-kby7u ;mj el )lnternal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 Jv9pbw5 k /ih) sm- cz9qpmkq;3 of work. What is the change in internal energycpmq ;vhswbp)3 5-mz99k/kqi ?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the iqtc 1l6 a+s0m ybth-k8+1wi pinternal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is t16-hlq8m+0at 1 sktci+iy pb whe work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energyfk:wutt8 m ciwn1;1m 4 of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the wk:i1 tt cw1n 8m4fm;uheat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constan l;7yq ru om8y8gui5q61k g:tct volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of ener y yur:cg gu61to 5l7kq8;i8qmgy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of ener0q wp tkyq1t:n 2l3lg.gy is removed from it. How many moles of l 13 kp t02qw.yglq:ntgas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wateg -eyyu0wom1v23xk b+r at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J8;6tw- ia8ssrw4w lfx of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the effi f48;6waw ixsl8r- wstciency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heavb oi(j ,ptz l1snmko5h81) .tt per cycle. o5iknt.) hoz1(tm8jb slp, 1vHow much work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat peg- fq pf8 jjptv/.mi+)r cycle. Ho+g8-fj/q tfpi pj)vm. w much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 5c;.md(,h.8waf 1bgel gqph ap pe(w,42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each c 8cpefph(, eha(.mqg5b,;wwg1p dal. ycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculo;gektj y;0fi76nld 2ky9z 3ov5 .m joate the work done each cycle.9;mte kg.o2y jylo; d5z036io vn7fjk

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficie8a72 o u*wl /abjyv7ysnt engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamso 2a8yuw */j l7yab7vber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines briqbm 6 r8i0:ruilt so far has the following characteristics:iir8:r0q6b m r combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficieno olet1i(0k,it engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tklo 1 0i,toie(emperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generhn773ytqw ;f 6n 0hakaates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Th8 vyujq j:9xl;e plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Th eq5jbnhehu ), 9wr0e8e plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficien;-ocp thop) +ccy of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficien)lxv 5.b 15ipfcoe1xf cy possible for an engine operating betwe 1fl5 cox5ibx). pf1even $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperat9sfv9w:4xlj w ure of the cold ress 9lxw:4jf9wv ervoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating b1lbb:o 50 bsfuetween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the frg zc5 ttaih/; ue:dy90eezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and 9ag;t u ht0ec/y:5zdi ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartmem(g eifqq;5di 4x i7k 8rtie2nlr-zj)m9j0o :nt at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 2ljzq7m;i4xr)0-5 iet(ei fi: jqgd o289rnmk4 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the k gz6omalz:z49)3 gmz freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. 64ogz )zz a9kgmm l:3z How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of icea7 tvta lqs b,qk1x7u58:sof/ melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change)qjql- 4 ukxf;2 feg v3xrj0g; in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undsmt-l6lc1hoj (56te v:cl 3kqergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy chang-1oq s66(e53cl clklttvjh: mes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at ;lg n,ab 3-4l,egij cd$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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