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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V+(9pnsz* b7y1sdypfo graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is ( bsc .ivg.fb* )xa5:vllv5yamn dy ).no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thexvf x bd pjiwyl/.sq 5-dk+.::rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volg: 80zfmw-xu( u ac+xeume with no change in its temperature. 8cgzxf0ua(ew-mxu+ :This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. D /e+uvhxev5+a.bc (vhoya gt 7(5n6yuuring this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of igtu x5u(ha(/ .hc+v6vy5yob7 + nev aenternal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed toddlm 3.1xv5 xg one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. x5 gxv 13dlmd.The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to b8af( r, 4lnmq)rii0d 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanisi fnrqblr,)im 84ad(0 m that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compr c+z.x tjz0wk;ey+8 ilessed in an isolated environment. During the event, the ga.0c+jyzwkxt le;+ 8 izs exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicu;d;k 1l 2 uczv13gbjds, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original vol sz(kvu 9k cfekz 04-opca40r3ume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure00k3vaz9k4k-(fs ezp4 oucc r of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders ofl*4-m / vymbmg gas identical in all respects except that one contains y4*-ml/g bvmm$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identiw-kms(nam ai 11(wkt-cal in all respects except that one containskw(a1 i 1mk-w(t mn-as $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is a(aw8udpd 0ms)n


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process,+ az ule xy/w:qnls.9p y;4sr/ there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyny:;;7p- m8kix eeuenwamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as hus0gf84i g+n. qv(we zeat is added to it. This processg8+0gn f eivuz4qs (.w is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas atksr y1e :x2u/h:uz5av constant pressure. As a result, thk sz :2a5 :1/uexhvruye internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV f3. i.cbw ly)hdiagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, ther pc- g)xdxe6ev7l6 mm.e is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thee5j.ezl -0m*e xl/m/kw mn; fprmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot e2b im 6+flotn+xpand as heat energy is added to it. This process isofltm6 +i2b+n

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are5 lcg)uu/baml9 m xbo6e-61go transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal e lgal o9/61-b5u) bmgxc6uom energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermokfr+jb a 7cghu; b4om 1zth74jto;**cdynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transferaags)c7+5dtun v(v b,q1 o-g j heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservo dph+ n))bnh19w 3gcdoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clau jfuur) zw6 fc/(ad/vwpb 3..fsius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated hep l;i,bmtais7f z2hn:k g3* 9xl*7 ejure. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engui * lm37;: bx9fsigjep7 ha*2lzt,knine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heatz eti r yk7.*f(e4t;ti engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine 9 nf-mruup +pji/0/4yeho9 ufis to be 100%, the heat sink mumof e rup u/9 /904yuif+jph-nst be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistskcc- 08qvyw.una* 7q h of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the (o, xi*zxau6er2fiz+second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigef5 itqs2 me+/xrator is defined as the ratio of2 mie5/s+txq f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as theswaoku9rlg3qq pzb;1 9n3-j 5eny5 5 8adg p4g ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy0eaz9u/izjv 6 0ndswblj 71 o1 of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for 15p)gyk.6)nu8epaljmc oln3 any process that may occur within an isolated system, which oneulnlnpm oc y.j e3)g6581)kap of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of th6hh4-e a;hd 4tgy5bhz ermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics/p, mqj,v2igs( )oy,q,rk nxy leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal prlg kqpi l 0)1j5o7uq;docess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the chan u 7kqoq0lid5p;)jlg1ge in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal priqh*7x9 ;d gzaocess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work d;d*xa qzh7i g9one in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system -9;z b,vv(jsva8e7ljnh3bvpj4 e 6aa in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the chs vl8eb(7hj64j ,nebja z vv; v9-3paaange in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. Wgbuh 33kfc /tkakpg:7 /vi *lc39/maphat is the change in internal ph/gu/ p333 ck lga 9f*bia/m kctv:k7energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of worf mmvl1 av6 /y uhy9;od,xb6--9pecpfk. What is the ab ;efmf lx-y1vp-ymp o/ 6c69h,uvd9change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whlel 3pa,fjw 4l2.5 tycat is the 3 e, 4la wl.2cytfjlp5work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50e an.+ce zhd :ppiu/t3y8l 4:y J. What is i4ch:pu :z nad8/ty3lye+ p.e the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume e,t-zr 9qx5l;ua zme1i1(ci o as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How ;-51zr(aq9ui lc t e,ozei1xmmuch work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at+ ss-t:v )t wjku+-m;dfr u9pz constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many mo+:ttpj)mf-zwus +sud- vr k; 9les of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of qay3bszxn 9a -xj9a6(3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is tso e)j1r( p4rg3 xx.slcsd t*,he efficien 3 pdgxrcs(1 tos4 xlr)sj.*e,cy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an effici10+pui uwd3j6f+fwe, 9f zqrwency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perforfw+9dr6w3, ip uz+u wf 1jfe0qm in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and recj+ga d6r7 ee:bxai* a2eives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each a7x da a*2b+ ejg:rie6cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle :d xvufm -jo13vorm*s z1./avand exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the ef - ma/.ozsx*vv juvdo1fm 3r1:ficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cytbw8-akob01gg j*t/ y cle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the worybb-wt* tgg/1 80kaojk done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has ++i 2j3l3g7gk/x aml4-jv szp/ronpq the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature =o-3 7g3s/p krqp2n mg/+zl jjai4xl+ v $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has th8q-oaou +ln j)e following characteristics: combustion ca+8o lj-o nq)uhamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so / ; jvi*pq:(avwzw, 9g/vlb erfar has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature,;l(q/v/pwb g9iew zv: j*rav = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pb84ll ekbnaytny1nv 6*ej c/x3.x k* d4ed* 8tlant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Thq 2iwwk p2;fd+e plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gener8qbn 3 qav/+dzzvx.p 3ates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of 2e68o4pv- /oj2 wkejzv .qngran engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for ukb;6ee(uq4b ala1 2v an engine operating betw4ua(6v1; eb2 k laqbeueen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot h:6cwt.or m2 psub6w( engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the tempeusb(rh2op w m:t.66wcrature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwtdm vtm5:,/es een $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the ratp; :8dcf+t j9t uooe2se of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is requiret o:;9+dj2ocstfpeu 8 d in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate j2 l2pc30tp6b 5ixennof 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a r3l6bxp5ct2 inj02n peoom per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrrzvvy2ohd- mt)q, ,g 7vy1x, zigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of he7o2)vd,g rmvq,xz,1yt-yz hv at to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy wheb6sctg 0fp pvmjn* d).q02s3dn 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freoh *n3y7u,b*k(zbze o u:usp1ezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion yd6u7.m f(0vk pgr 2sv9(f vmoand its entrop9dmup 2(vms(vg7.6frokv0 fy y changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at (k9/ q(coyko bka r:v7 oi/cd4$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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