A device that produces electricity by transforming chemical e c gn ;8j;zvkkl(2i(ymnergy into electrical energy is c( vkc z;g2nl(kiyj8;malled a

  A car battery

  The total amount of charge that passes through a wire's; ;r afku 7mxft*qf.e ,3ixlk4 full cross section at any point per unit of afeut xkiq;,mf 37f*.rl;k4xtime is referred to as

  The direction of convention current is taken to be the directiou;n*l9 al2lgi n that

  A coulomb per second is the same as d+m-efqjj;0 vhv x4m pt)(kn.

  Car batteries are rated in "amp-hours." This is a measure of theiryzpcb s2vt3) -

  The resistance of a wire is devlho 7 .1 zuy64*q2ylfa rh0nyfined as

  What is $1 \; \Omega$ equivalent to?

  The resistance of a wirea,9g9tuwxx9j is

  The resistivity of a wire depeng(.; *tphs7ewi xos,l7r; cfp ds on

  Which conducting materiab9 i lmnvtk 0m+lr5)p/l has the lowest resistivity value?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length of the otheol)bv4 vv /0bcr. How do the resistivitivcov /4lbv)b0 es of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length of the other. How salb.16eoc z2 do the resistances of these . el 12bao6zcstwo wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the cross-sectional area of the *klczsqb1zp; (i(y 8 e*qkex*other. How do ezkcl*p1( xqiz8ys( q* ;*ekb the resistances of these two wires compare?

  Consider two copper wires. One has twice the length and twice t:bb lkpe4 bp.2he cross-sectional area of theb2l b bk:.pp4e other. How do the resistances of these two wires compare?

  The length of a wire is doubled and the radius is doubled. edzei3 )/.p 2uelf.m6c0eowj By what factor does 2p ee0 3zcju/le6.oewdim).fthe resistance change?

  How much more resistancej gkeuzoy2v;7j0 p9l ,r:dz n* does a 1.0 cm diameter rod have compared to a 2.0 cm diameter rod of the same length ezyok,vj7r2 l *z 0ng;pd u:j9and made of the same material?

  The resistivity of most comm zpjz+ 03gsl:won metals

  Negative temperature coefficients of .;m zxxuzcfn1gg)ax 0q e(.4t resistivity

  What is 1 W equivalentz(ovr d9hd yz78jcb. 0 to?

  A kilowatt-hour is equiv2 k+ rycl-n5 .a*kimasalent to

  If the resistance in ah) 4npmuiiko ;li;b+, constant voltage circuit is doubled, the power dissipated by on;kp+l)hiub4 ; ,miithat circuit will

  If the voltage across a c bm;4+w 6aytbgx plkwt4+/bb+ircuit of constant resistance is doubled, the power dissipated by that y;/pbb b+tg64atxl+ w4 b +kmwcircuit will

  If the resistance in a circuit with constant current flowing i,ts (*yv jcfy9 o2 d)(urwzfg+s doubled, the power dissipated by thatw(fgy * ,socv(2+f)zrtjdu 9y circuit will

  If the current flowing through a circuit of constant resistance is dou-+ /kx r zf0sw(db(jiabled, the power das (rdj/+0 ikzw- bx(fissipated by that circuit will

  During a power demand, the voltage output(, x1cgga xei, is reduced by 5.0%. By what percentage is txa1(icxg,e, g he power on a resistor affected?

  A current that is sinusoidal with respect to time is refero4eq0sfm. jc4red to as

  Consider two copper wires each i gh ;/ ztim3d7;mm-olcarrying a current of 3.0 A. One wire has twice the diameter of the other. The ratio of the drift velocity in ttl/h3m z;-o m ii7mgd;he smaller diameter wire to that in the larger diameter wire is

  Materials in which the r/4 u dm8), -yohamvyseesistivity becomes essentially zero at very low temperatur,so- m /ehyauv8y4md )es are referred to as

  What current is flowing if 0.6ug*-ebyb 6k* e7 C of charge pass a point in 0.30 s?

  A charge of 12 C passes through an electroplating apparatus if+ xdv-fy0ur8;yrt *i n 2.0 min. What is the t;-f *vi80+ frryudyx average current?

  How much charge must pass bfocbls b/230rr03ok-yci m, 8snqz. zy a point in 10 s for the current to be 0.50 A?

  A total of $2.0 \times 10^{13} \; protons$ pass a given point in 15 s. What is the current?

  What current is flowing97wt w2))4 jot+m jtwvbihs2cymvl:+ if $4.0 \times 10^{16} \; electrons$ pass a point in 0.50 s?

  If $3.0 \times 10^{15} \; electrons$ flow through a section of a wire of diameter 2.0 mm in 4.0 s, what is the current in the wire?

  A coffee maker, which draws 13.5 A of current, has been left on fvph66)w: k voovo7h(2rptw;h or 10 min. What hw6ot( o6hr;)vo pv7p2w: k hvis the net number of electrons that have passed through the coffee maker?

  In an electroplating process, it is desired to deposit 40 mg of silver on a mettzi-qt.e,jra t t dq5 lhjbw:o)03 f:+al part by using a current of 2.0 A. How long must the current be allowed to run to deposit this much silver? (The silver ions are singly charged, and the atomic weight of silver is 108-f q:q3itwt): 5adztt+ ,h. 0e jojlrb.)

  What potential difference is required to cause 4.00 A to flow througaj6bf 2ua*;sbh a resistance o2; bas* 6fuabjf 330 W?

  What is the voltage across a 5.0-W resistor if the cxs a5) sf2 qw;r6ehx)current through it is 5.0 A?

  A 4000-W resistor is ci xgnb w63g n4tai/)+zonnected across 220 V. What current will flow?

  A light bulb operating at 110 V dr; /ip:jx(r b(dr*7ve wfhdex8aws 1.40 A of current. What is its resistancexxdwdvr rhi/b; (*pe( ej8:f7 ?

  A 12-V battery is connected to a 100-dlt,2eob da c -2e7:(yhb xo+qW resistor. How many electrons flow through thtl-qoby oxe+ c2de2b:,7a( dhe wire in
1.0 min?

  What is the resistance of 1.0 m copper wir,ze* lxk:vr +;eht r-ze of diameter 0.40 inch? (The resistivity of copper is rl-;zx hkere,z:+*tv $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  What is the resistance of a circular rod 1.0 cm in diametai f9tpzqy7av60o2mr/ lxyk3w 2qo; :er and 45 m long, if thoa zl3i2a9o qy;/ 7mxp2 qvw t:fy06rke resistivity is $1.4 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$?

  What length of copper wire (resistivgco wtl( yyex2 v*s*;4ity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) of diameter 0.15 mm is needed for a total resistance of $15 \; \Omega$?

  A 120-m long copper wire (res ibdcxfv8j4irr+2y -4istivity $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) has resistance $6.0 \; \Omega$. What is the diameter of the wire?

  A 1.5-cm square rod, 4.0 m long, measures 0.040 3(6airfv:y y y5;ciwmv/6g yo ohms. What is its resistivity?

  Calculate the current through a 10.0-mmzn) -//++ux5.chrcp b-xis fw b6n h gm2q.nj long 22 gauge (the radius is 0.321 mm) nichrome wire if it is co-u2 jf c.wxqm h/nhx 5r.gs/+6bnnip c +)-zbmnnected to a 12.0-V battery. (The resistivity of nichrome is $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$.)

  A heavy bus bar is 20 cm long ayl,0 3 j7srnermtaq .2nd of rectangular cross-section, 1.0 cm x 2.0 cm. What is thealr tn,.jqrm e03sy72 voltage drop along its length when it carries 4000 A? (The resistivity of copper is $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \Omega \cdot m$)

  A 1.0-m length of nichrome wire has a radius of 0.50 a s i1)k3lfg*bi.pb6tmm and a resistivity of $100 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$. If the wire carries a current of 0.50 A, what is the voltage across the wire?

  A 1.0-mm diameter copper wire (resistivitmof34;0kfr; ls2wc u0 n ;rhuny $1.68 \times 10^{-8} \; \Omega \cdot m$) carries a current of 15 A. What is the potential difference between two points 100 m apart?

  A carbon resistor has a res 4mh1ho cpmij 95u4u:fistance of $18 \Omega$ at a temperature of $20 ^{\circ}C$. What is its resistance at a temperature of $120 ^{\circ}C$? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for carbon is $-5.0 \times 10^{-4} /^{\circ}C$.)

  The temperature coeffad3;wontvw a ck0 766micient of resistivity of platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$. If a platinum wire has a resistance of R at room temperature ($23 ^{\circ}C$), to what temperature must it be heated in order to double its resistance to 2R?

  A platinum wire is used to determine the melting point of indiumvvq87z(zt )vj. The resistance )qjztzv7v(8v of the platinum wire is $2.000 \; \Omega$ at $20 ^{\circ}C$ and increases to $3.072 \; \Omega$ as indium starts to melt. What is the melting point of indium? (The temperature coefficient of resistivity for platinum is $3.9 \times 10^{-3} /^{\circ}C$.)

  5.00 A is flowing through ans7j/ew-. *jvd n qwxi9ko*q3e $10.0 \; \Omega$ resistor. How much power is being dissipated?

  A 110-V hair dryer is rated at 1200 W. What curr ly:j, k ryyfx5;*(bqbtqh/ 9rent will it draw?

  A 150-W light bulb running on 1109ek5hgik hu+u t7v5e.t :iw8b V draws how much current?

  What is the nominal resistance *g *vt/oyop t/,ve,ao of a 100-W light bulb designed to be used in a 120-oo**pt, vegoyt/ ,a/vV circuit?

  A toaster is rated 800 W at 120 V. What is the resistance of its heating eleme alr2 : v3gb)8oehbto2n2vb)hl3roet2 agb :o8t?

  A 200-W resistor is rate8dd+x 2 -gaszad at $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum current it can draw?

  A 200-W resistor is rated a579 tt/;zlx if - hfwx7zknt.yt $1/4 \; \Omega$. What is the maximum voltage?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bulb. If it8,trxp jroz 66 is used at 120 V, what current does it draw?

  A lamp uses a 150-W bul9 efiz:4b1njz+7 ngl ib. If it is used at 120 V, what is its resistance?

  A 25-W soldering iron runs on 110 V. What is its resistany8ts)b;n mq jke/-s6 oce?

  How much does it costwr 1ambl)x4cj: mtf(+ to operate a 25-W soldering iron for 8.0 hours, if energy cobfj(4ltx) a+wcrm:1 m sts $0.08/kWh?

  How much energy does a 14tsdduz )(hrf 1(gjnjm..) 8 ub9h 97 zfociqr00-W light bulb use in 8.0 hours?

  A 1500-W heater is connected to a 120-V line for 2.0 hours. How much heat b-oepi 2g6xo9 energi2x6 g p-9ooeby is produced?

  A battery is rated at 12 V and 160 A-h. Hoqv6d*sli u i/d;uuv3z -56zspw much energy does the battery store?v;i3 5q-iv 6zu/udd* luszs 6p

  How much energy does a 25-- eik j7*sz6nsW soldering iron use in 8.0 hours?

  A 100-W driveway light bulb is on 10 hours per day. Assur vb6qc6nk sb*1uvgggj pmo6m.419 ,tming the power company c1bm4rv*kmu91g bnvs,g cq tog666 j .pharges 10 cents for each kilowatt-hour of electricity used, estimate the annual cost to operate the bulb.

  A 400-W computer (computer plus monitor) is turned on 8.0 hours per day. I ejc7i,e piw6 )oq7az2:tg *xkf electricity costs 10 cents per kWh, how much does itxz7e iik 2gw7tej* cq pa:,o)6 cost to run the computer annually?

  The monthly (30 days) electric b bfkhxt;c-v0wywtz)sm qwg6* w*4f55ill included the cost of running a central air-conditioning unit for 2.0 hr/day at 5000 W, and a series connection of ten 60 W light bulbs for 5.0 hr/day. How much did these items contribute tyh c**bf f4z0;sxv-mwwtw5 g)6kq 5w to the cost of the monthly electric bill if electricity costs 8.0 cents per kWh?

  The heating element in an e0 f kis4 (5vgdul:nvp6lectric drier operates on 240 V and generates heat at the rate of 2.1 kW. The heating element shorts out and, in repairing it, the owner shortens the Nichrome wire by 10%. (Assume the temperature is unchanged. In reality, the resistivity of the wire will depend on its temperature.) What effect will the repair have 4dfv u l:60s(ni5kgv pon the power dissipated in the heating element?

  14 A of current flows through nsa2 8lt3 fmc4;rzbv 5$8.0 \; \Omega$ resistor for 24 hours. How much does this cost if energy costs $0.09/kWh?

  A 9.0-V battery costs : .9gw c iz1b(cldsy4v$1.49, and will run a portable CD player for 6.0 hours. Suppose the battery supplies a current of 25 mA to the player. What is the cost of energy in dollars per kWh?

  A motor that can do work at the rate of 2.0 hp has 60% effn t/,fo2t5 owby- mwi,iciency. How much current does it draw from aoi/ n twwyof,t5 m2,-b 120-V line? ($1 \; hp = 746 \; W$)

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac powi8dt9uz y(;xiapig- kh e6b;/er source. What rms current flows gi(pdxi;;iy98at/- ehb kzu6 through this device?

  A 500-W device is connected0 (+rb jkzyg: rab k7/q:wz+da to a 120-V ac power source. What peak current flows thrjzba::y (wrzkd + 0a/bgq+7krough this device?

  A 500-W device is connected to a 120-V ac n:5wgx-ehi00 u4d ;q kn-yt tlpower source. What is the peak voltage across thid ;uin t:h-45e n-qwx k00ygtls device?

  The diameter of a copper wire is 0.081 inch. The maximum safe kfhuu5dlgn u.n 34 8x5current it can carry (n5f 3unu.xdkh5 l 8g4uin order to prevent fire danger in building construction) is 20 A. At this current, what is the drift velocity of the electrons? (The number of electron carriers in one cubic centimeter of copper is $8.5 \times 10^{22}$.)