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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other meafrxui.e5n 8s8 ns for you to observe or measure what is outside. Yox 8n8 ru5sf.eiu wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to mie+n gug *m/nci) k-1deasure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resul-0q 1c3ez :o; g-fb 8xw.-czoutojrnits of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yoursm0-ovczb03azbsxzt g)4 /;v self if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princs2o 0cuiqzx a.ww +ll/ .l*r+piple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Gv y-xd snxr4:t6 o,te+alilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relati6kva;w2 /m9vnmq2wxarz rd .6vity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulatingohgtz*gn :: k; *g 7vsza./cjv the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physicgkcv.tz;g:n*gjvs : aoh7 /* zs are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of s0vx/ x s2 p*y1r:bllt6r1h lqapecial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate ofo8t, navbc*0/dbx k9 j*qu d q:cv4itd;;*qso special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your ej7x-l gc 57bl 16ebivpulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would6ic5je -e1 gbb7lvl7x find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer,r avt+:ed6l *,t ec2hksa8)t4zss wk)*r w0vd a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defi;ic;igqm 6ngivz8hu:n1 +x-g 0lh kh 2ned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a spyq5nt 0qqn )0wace ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remain5y0)tn qqw n0qed on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationadm (h3 dyp3y r3qzqx5* p5llf+ry observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallelju.8*6m;;*qod tbfh w lb+56 mcbxod i to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a sta+moihjb*ml6 d 8 d65b.x*;qfb u;tow ctionary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity thx ;lk (f/ myxyft7g,v/at approaches thefxm,y g(k fl;vx//t 7y velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appca7ikj(., y;h5dn sao8ozo)kwg2u+ h roaches the speed of light, the mass of the partic i oohz7ju.c8na;)+wkahs2 y,g5do (kle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a part k8g8yn- g8ckoc4s ht.icle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the parc4k8o.h ytsg8gcn k8-ticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passhoxeclf;83js/: 1jj. v :pqrees, you measure its length:ex3oel jj:;fsvrjq8 h./pc 1 at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinemh 8v7of/qo.g tic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dougoh 7vo m/8.fqbles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton w 7c-)jzkfd4yzz0gd s5 yxi**m hen its relativi-fs d*g7 0zimx*4djyk z5z)c ystic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of4e8rnxb i,.zo mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A0+ ir)n0 -eeaef zr+ca8z;e xu is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Su0er-i 8nz+) euare; xz0cafe+n. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of q n5*r:epr*ihreference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increasesj qpadux/80ma47j -wj, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative toiiuk(qfnn4pnw+g/1bfn9 l 8, the shore, does it move in a river that is flowinwkf,+ f qnnbnp 4lng( 8ii9u1/g at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed,m./yvzr l.xavl42ym- relative to the shore, doe-l ya2xvy4mzl./v. rm s it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.m ;o4 v47ry6u:uxvj iiw hx)z40 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight ac ;ouiyxji4uwvz 4v64 x mh7):rross the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to n.ml3a s 5ol +;:ppfarbe observed by a stationary observer as running on;3 . lamr+p5a:pfslat one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns2fnc p+a06jha in 10 hours according to a clock2apc fnj+0ah6 on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtnvtq,2 1xk+a)xb7 z gg .pd:bbpey, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which trav+ ,k1pbz )2xtagxb.7: dvbgqpels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0. z.:m 4;xdtmyj80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what isdymj:; 4 x.zmt his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a spf .dgebm ceaidi; x;b wx5.5bd- xpah73.fl+4eed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship havypt+b.pw/3fm e to move to contract to half of its proper length (awptbmp f+3.y/ s observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels cp 8 9ed3mmc/gb3/ b+qtzc(p zby you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear tdp/ecbc9gptmc / z8qm3(b3z + o you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yea3uuw) d*8vd. ehki8pnrs away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the starh8p*n ke.ivud8uw3d) . What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sywq 5sm..-pc/ntw5bq wstem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on c.tm.swwpn- b/5qq 5w a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30z92d:; 9rqa pnvy ua;q light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed uypn;r 9;2da9 qv:zqa of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is itsv8k3.tgbj gs5ctm+ n)mss q/:+dd0 xm mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice jl2 x;d.t wc2sits rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will uol h7fe 41 4qx twj,*+nwrj:kih1 okr4f:wu,tj4jnle wx* +7qncrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum 59gj:ygyv;i:.hyelw in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an el +mvo3r(2qy u/udbn4 nement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materiiia2rwwo7g8jcul2 vdu :,7e: al was lost during a reactiowr ,idlaujco :822wi7v:7uge n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equ 2c66rbh0ggikibeq x i*.kq75ivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140/us4 /nahoserd1mt77,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivaltessuo/ 7dm 1ha/7r4nent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a*5kx yj+(0lbt,r bvxp/w v1 ri proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the p* y (rvxjkr +b,pv1w 0l/b5xtiroton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of j/*lsf0-q jdia proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in d *fq-0j ji/sl$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in ; ny*nsd kaw.2r9s d+awhich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during )sbes;6 hqdvdg .)v i.v 5nalmtpa)cj1c0;p7a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a d,9ums dl -g.ks:(syq speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from r qhu.t8w:1 awyest to a veloawh.wt8 : u1yqcity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, vy)o 0d/c) ops$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By o,xi/k9ckrz+3;l u a fwhat factor has its mass increased with respect tl xk/f+i9 zcrako,;u 3o its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure thi-h ek1jm81l. eamf1o hxca9dy+w:5r e speed of light from the : 18homcl95wx.+ryekf1a- hie amj d1Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 pe j v 2oabbw)x+h;bx15 v7*fqc relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, w72;ab f5xbj1 o)p wbx+*v evqhhat is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. Howv6k :wve.zeqv s8pk, 3 fast would light travel from the headlights of the sqpkevk ,:.v6s z83 wvehip relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The s8.olxf: pw(,n*o ff h;g. jus oh;m*oopaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the sfff.xn m .gl*o:;h jo;, ohupw*(oo8spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship the8 x. ckig ezue)n5zfd-x)5a o.n fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceshipde-x k)gecua z85 5ifnx.).z o. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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