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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship thjs0;f zb5t1 4aayj z9zat has no windows, radios, or other means for you to obsy51z0 tajasbz9fz ;4 jerve or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to meas2r8gw;mlg :w ip (7v6/qubdrwure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from / a3 gc, u/ia3neqp.rzthe results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following c2zgxfx a tr q0n;(l5 cj1k:nzz0pl:y5omponents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principl+ikpba5y9:yo+ l9+b b6ybsgi e.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity5 r og60n2n88o: siljkpghk)k.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special6 znz1egghzx,f 4*ce:x7 /u/yfowdi; relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in fornf k4s0id6l z8mulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in refeiszfd4l86 0 nkrence frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of speciaqqr4e cbu2 6t;l relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate o7r4 0x0b kq 37 ihzuez4vw3;yy-hrtkuf special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse ratp9yt)r lm,c1yx+z.ike while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speex9t , 1pm+zycirk ly.)d of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movi9w25feb s 7m8htd x6gq; fde0wng clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definedz ,qxjz; fqxl + 5m8aha3a(r*u as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin take dqcm y t/e79cn3o5zeq( +hxv;s a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predictoq v;n /edh+3ymex( cczq 7t59s that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statiopymp/gn (*g1aymj*zrk2i3 : onary observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to it:3bw7voh hwusrl) 0 s4a)f)n os length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,abwu :s fhvohwl)437)r0o) ns

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dywsiapr.5ah3+ru- 6 wirection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of lighrarw6sy -p w .53+uhait. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a partic:4lp3: b7klgutnboa4g anz (-le approaches the speed of light, the mass of the partic::ba pgakun4l3gtl7o n-b(z 4le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle apr4r o+*qp zopt qq1;jh)v;yk8proaches the speed of light, the momentum of the par+rp* 1qkp o4 qqo;)tzyv8h;rjticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a v7w ,1oz0ya 0tyvu u)abery high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the movi,0t y1y0v uz)7wo aabung spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic 3,jgsfo casu2h:c,: v energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass s3sc:fu c:h2 o gjav,,doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its j )7o;ip;fn kce,roh8 relativistic erh7 iopjcn,;k;of)8 mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mal,2xjipq 4igo; o t;z8ss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is op2 0x 8qtj*lfmoving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity oxq2ot8jp0l* f f light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following dependkbh4w) j-5 hk -fdegn59j5gbps on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incvlgc(ja d)f, / 2wya+cbd34 oo:vxmj5reases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thy bt 6wev0,wp9-e7k o )qlf.rze shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream)q wr6.zkfbwl7t-v9o,0 yp ee?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still w.d/e,8v ) jrqho*corsater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a riv8ds r,ro/v*.oehc )jq er that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still waibic h7l 1e8t:ter. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight c 1ib:e8 htl7iacross the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel zid9pb8w/r *j13 xsusif it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal 1 wsr s9 8/*xpi3bjudzrate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journzu8ew,+hn-os6i vu(u0h egq ,ey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time hah,o uuq-8guehesv,+ w 6in0z(s elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are init;e ln. smtoe2+gkl99xially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns .ne +sl2g99tlm ;exko around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80cag s76edt5s:7zp) pxi for 30 years accorddep 6p:7zgsis)7 at 5xing to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length5in.gd* thm lz). (txt?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship5 jqf*.5zssvq1ds d;r have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stat sfdz qdq;5rjs*s.v 51ionary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the s5s6q,j5z;dyr)tz shi paceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to yod ti,ys;6z)5qhs5 rz ju?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to o-v hz/(r))ef )pve2. cgqjeyuur solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earv/ z-e.2(evjcg )qehuyf)r )pth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yeagkc0hf;r+m f *g4q8b) icv*/zcldb5frs away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse onlf /8*cm vc q0kbr)*h bc4zgdfgif+5; a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to ze(,mu +0dh;lx1+sl;tlc-t-h xuh qjour solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relatives+0,hcxe tu1mq;t -llh h(x;lzu+-j d to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (Tr-ip*h2(iibovsqa -cisw(mfe10 t 0; he rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is w/c vlhw,e75d twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 cq1e n, ,cmi*-znj78t v -tqn7iudpta6 to 0.6 c, then your mass will vine *6d-7 pqqanc8u,j 1mt,zi 7-n ttincrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum35d/y2lx.tl gb(dv 26ehgsjz in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elef*ygkwjg yc6-5/j sl. ment loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was n t b/0f2)b (t rv*vvnd l/kizqr7+5uylost during a reacti tv ktdf*i7nv /+5)quvbrl2n(/0ybr zon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivhho.t7j : juc716mb .rn vmo9valent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was droppgjg/np ls5;:b+)gblov r4w-x ed on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of T/ +gpn)4l:r -l vxsbob5jw g;gNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of adnqh0wwab.lb,m ;l 1/7 u s0we proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the protob /sb ahwu,.mwl7n1 ;wl q0ed0n?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totalke:ppd pdi(6+ energy. What is the momentum in edp 6:ik(p +dp$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in Mejnijzd)-1i+zyvk z7qv;kaw 71 ws :5n V) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during azk 05,e)8ssuzv v3uvn l(eo4i reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c roflg;n( sr48?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram o5* p 4dfqt8zee4ap7gt f mass from rest to a velocity of 5 8qgaf4t 7t4p*pzdee0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, (9vsm0 (mocmq$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is acceleratjr:(0; bdtd:w zx+z yned through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to:+tzbd xyr0(:wz;d nj its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from zoz9mup8dg+d/) * ffqthe Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of lighp9 8d zgz/ qou*mffd)+t from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traq3htb5 l.8kykveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their aq3klk. 5ybth 8pproach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveli- ob.whnqlglij *,6+rng with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headligol,rg b*qih wnlj-6.+hts of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from 8+wlq)5qpv fl the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired a)w5q lqf8p+lv way from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship th:*wae*4d c xvropjp.1+si f7een fires a missicw s* p*1fo4ee rxja7piv d.:+le with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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