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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no winz tyln 45el;nljk 1t)gl46od0dows, radios, or other means for you to 65ey nl)lt1o; t0z k4g 4jdnllobserve or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experimec(cs7 f)ee-y 3+)p.8tfo epw5sbve uhnt was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded frtr /ix0g6 xr0iom the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferome7s(xrr50e+ iioe(y r xter yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity unbmr h/t:4/gprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-r,8cq;h. oyi ;z (jpq)n6am ccNewtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rd e55 2o)yngzeelativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of rt .1qu (kqqxw l)l9jw8wkq72 belativity was that thewb)qx2wlq(w lkq k9 .87ju tq1 laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulatp awnoxxkhax.qul)7- z*4 o7/e of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postf,p5gh.pvbs03 c cl;xxi)/gp ulate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceshiw ucc0xn; etxb*:x()hbsaz2)ucp:( u p moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it wanpesau)z0 :x*h; c uwu (cbxtb2 :()xcs

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a6tqqjf )ik f9tmk7)9a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined 0g+y oy l(g+-vah4i 8 viu4kfuj1*dhdas $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship trav( 0crh*3cy+au;9mz) a nw i8v6ogdbz xeling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on E+ghx br9v c*3acyimu(z8wnz0 6 ) doa;arth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obs0iyzx1iwx(l)ra9 q 9werver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity th)x gewqv,y6p0*xl lody*:6 m gat approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a0o*xmv xyy,lp6e)d*q g w: 6gl stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity thgdy d/j4 h6bv1at approaches hj1/6d ybgvd4the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, thej2ao/rne fp s:7mkg1sp *l91z mass of the particls2 f7k l*sp:oajm1ep / grzn19e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a paatc u7 ml)w:k; j8p)p,h,n ::cfyzk rfrticle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the pa 7yw;makn8:) t,lp)cpf kf:,c: jruhz rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high spea **uv+ m *qxl4lsplf.ed. As it passes, you measure its length a 4pqv*f*u+lsl*xm. lat one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a n- h 6fza,qmp x ,xx-c b,pnl42va9d2xspeedy proton when its relativistic mass d,acb qnx4pzmlv-p92fa-6 xx, , ndh2x oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton whe,qccqt/4k7w fns k4y8n its relativiskwksfctq/n74, c 84q ytic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of ma f7(:,essr j 1dpo2jdvss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship ;wv7 4s +xlcvwA is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approachic7l; sw vx+vw4ng the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observet 6vceh/ (z-vk0sav* hoekc)( r's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, yo2 7a,ct)sm:mr gpec c8 c7ae24gwjz5nu would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to *gc8,q gi t7fnzlm 7i:the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headin,8i*ln 7gg: izm qft7cg upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wiq+s:(0rwt mh poq-3foth what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a rivsm3 fro-h:( qoptwq+0er that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s inw ei9 ngp.dna42x4hi8 still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acrossexw n4a.gp4i2n h9id8 the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is /ls6kh8i,xz c3r a*y3nnu3ha to be observed by a stationary observer a* /i3hx 63s, rhzlnc8 ya3nkuas running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a 0ca z*m+lwq vu;ztil5j(x 2s,3gq6 ra planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, h6t5u sq0( avlwx*mq;,23iz jr g+zlacow much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old.k;pp- 6 k4egl7;bq dvh While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured-pgpkv dqb h46 l7;k;e by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speedn8xjpp t.8m 6th/2yrb af:;, 9dmjacw of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin9d wy:rm tt;na62cp,bmh /j .8jxf8 ap brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward youy n (xoip1vo- e9tn uz-d.kh69 with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half o,+fw c4q yf,vuf its proper length (as observed bf4,w uyv +cfq,y a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at res:xuqe.xg2d e+oa0jc v)fb6 dm ple/ 5cue484nt. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does i+opm ueegexav5 n 4u)2bf6/4jd dc8.x0 qlce:t appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ligh-jzu0 ;8kayt o39juoct years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger ou8atj0 cy;jz3u o9ko -n the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lim6bfsdn)y+ kii 2 nu-/3ubt /wght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed wni+ 3 /bmt -u2k)u6 yibfsdn/of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Aje( /,* 4wok8ha6kqdx or4 swolpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travel(d4,q*ho 8wo rw4sox ekkj6a/s toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. l 00fmirzcir1u 07jx 24wvwjof7 -x2x What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass5/m2xofl4ypfi ,8fkj?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fromilg w+(i rnetj gtxdn2bxv ,k(b00 3/+ 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incxdii gjgw++kl(0 e30 (2xvb/tnt,nbrrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum inl*im 1ca(zc2m $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemojk ,6kd /x 0 sl r)2s;fpjr2;qpkge.xent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material wft8y dd(rjiz 5-rhcq;q0jl+ (as lost during a reaction? jjq(h;i-+8 q tdc(dry50fz lr

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equival7*d)nq/qj*vrz r)n) 1pyrm yient to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed p 6gem7+d sh7po/yil; 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was convm +7idy7olhpep6g/s ; erted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of itsy ;fm oi(i*rvfromh i,5+h5 b- 0dks9b total energy. What is the speed ofyms5dohihi b-irkfb 5 *,(v+for; 9 0m the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What 8v*hw.9ffa kp is the momentumvfw*a9h p f.8k in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releasedfx,qcf-**zmbp k/g/: 0 sq bfg (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a react7d-unwq9 gn(pfz t/v -ion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving withtti1*2d l(pmt ub y6t1 a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass frxd0 abg4 m -7 tqn3y+mtjye3i(om rest to a veloc0jg3qxn3d7(+ yiytmbm4e - taity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, /tg ,dui/0f- z(+7.llsnq5 of o cpnnv$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass incrd(gn8vntuz 9osl 724deased with respect to its rest massd(s u97glo8 tndvnz4 2?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You meahonz( rre.*+x+h uog1 1fy jc*sure the speed of light from the Su(hg1.+r+fx j*ne1 ruzoyco h*n to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earthldj q dpza2. as*5*/tl. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measur.dp sq*l2j5/ta ldza*ed by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light tr , xlq9ob3)z:krnqc; vavelcx n :rqz3k)bov ;9,lq from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away;h1a )fmyc0m b from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. W;0m mah)bcy1f hat is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth withzx2ea f 5a6(s nr1:bnh a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile anas r6z1x25e:nfhb (with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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