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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no wi9p7ljy l ygk-*9 nwr9endows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure whkl9 l geyw7n -j9yrp9*at is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experi q74xe3/op.m wq+he nxment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from theg.b92gjwb,a + .lisy j results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following. myt x.,s tco-0x*ltu components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prinqly.:x *yp asa1zv-8 fciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable um2v ob ap77:tassumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special aa-z5 d35s fgnrelativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity wasluy *e6.fl;kr lw4+lf that th.*+kllul f6ylf r4 w;ee laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of spk .rwsw5*y6 waecial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of f av+hn 6qpn/;6 uw1f;e fb)sispecial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure+q5aukw;0: ozf-gg bg your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at g-u5 qbog0:kwfagz; + a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving cld;pa )ru ry*6ao 0v7jr0mcg (kock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is 6e5be) n md:xi7gtsz, nqdq:)defined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a veme- p8 0r.ya)p9kiobs ry high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Eabyrepp.io 8s-km)0 9 arth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movin/yk msu qeg93 o0(hdn2v8e m.dg object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a ve7o9ww40dpvap locity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a sw94vwap7p0o d tationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dd+:mi;jo4 v eysc ia2x9s1+d u9c e)vxirection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this x1so:ie9 9da4mcuej)xsv2 cv ;+d y+i object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaclcaw40j dc c+-)wz -dches the speed of light, the mass of the particd+-)-zjcwccw04 la dcle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the pa+jm)3yvs og7p )g7 p m3yosvj+rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. / ui.by8g-lc vchct52 As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement,vycug5-t8ibcl /. h 2c you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativi, sxmn5hq;q :wstic mass doubles?:q; qx,nhmw 5s

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its re1cam9ute4 rd* 5fqrr ex2yy92lativistic m2 mf qr5a9rdux12ycr etye94*ass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of massi1kmu/ eb65 su8dpw9fj k r+h; $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling aty6z07u qy.pgd 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity oy0upg.d7 zy6q f light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's -*bb8pgn +6u fo12lm :y+cyvw 4. swyg9vgnoiframe of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spac5(-yv *jh ip20f;qldgwig n;xeship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative 4rhp gwm3tpr -d )(d4tto the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the dttr4mw3hgr p -d)(p4boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s arb)lvqzy +1j*-:rtcw- t)jsh*2oud in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, tdlwr toh csj+)uv1*q2)r -:z-*bja ydoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wate,;i-hbuz48ya u8lx4 yl3pe9e5bb yyf r. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across8yyu4- fy b 4bl;,5p b38zieuyaelh9x the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary sa;;w53b4xp4edim p b(2 c ;e/ fu o+nhaz5ntrobserver2 5 pwa;mbnu4d+cp3i;oxeas hn5/re bt(z4f ; as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet ap()i(m ,ezajt++ mjku nd returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earthuj pe+i,m m k(a)z(jt+?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Whilezxi g t*0b0 nnll d9at+5kak*( Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea **5gt ik+0ltnzabn d90l ak(x upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c fore8nx(onp+ zagr+ vdutwea6: 4) ni2,q 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the4nr6vodn+ iu+ 28getpw )aqaez ,x(n: Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you wi2mbldr z lappd ;1p5+5th a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to coi 8 3doxzn-p+j(lkqx9a3 /vtdntract to half of its proper length (as obseav xiq3j o(d n/3d9+tpkz-8 xlrved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels 9b3 nzu0 ;2,-- nkctxrkas whmby you with a speed of 0.70c, what length doeb;mxk w zc03h-r-nt ans,u92 ks it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solai9(po s f,jh1ea kr,3w3l9ohfr system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0oerh fp kl , 3fa9oswih,931j(.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurit3 qd o;0zf3xze6p o8p6cawn), which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the pz0 3ep)q6d3 aown;6 z8otcxf spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yea4ae2 9jvl;gkzrs away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800cav49el;2jg kz relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The r8i7e q-h// zjd.1 ;sed rt/z:ragdwxlest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton j0uy xt,r3w 8x-/sg3vw xb hiowbg):(if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spacesh3tfsgyq/y:z3 ip goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase:3 sg3y yztfq/ by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in .:kwcphpo7 ww 6 ge5eos,58qd$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemen;p5jh e gysz9fcyy)+ +k)hb a7t loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if- v9is/0ds ))ug) zo+k,lgk cs8altrm 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactik gmkrl 8,t 9igsvcu0sa)d)os+l/ )z-on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rvax. j 70 g yls.8lnfm(r:y.zvest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 kia ;ge3h 1 apat/fy5/cclled 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was convertedgcea a p;3at hc//y51f to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy ofh fzofpfu2+: 7(ogh1t a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of thg zf+7ofp:(1hh uo2f te proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total enm2gr c w 77.yxr42zzhwergy. What is the momentum i2w cz. grz47hx7wm ry2n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whic.u xh (in:)w p9z*9cx ab(w1jp -ubueqh $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost 6 lec ycc ,8qf+ea6fy s9i5hu8during a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of k+ /e+h 9iruzba*h i:gv67h bx0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to a8jrar* e)ofxzg11 0e bccelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocitofr)a8rjexg*11z be0 y of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, sf)+p 7 6j:wdi-abkeo$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated throuqkl c ,xr-ako98t61 rncd(*m ugh 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest m urlt1xa*drkc6n -k, 9qc8(omass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure -b v)/crsk/(diy/ g7 k ;dkvf7vh)xvrthe speed of lik;bv//( sy7v fkddvkgx)7 r hcv/)-right from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to nyqt9k s3fct,3t d w-c 3n23rjthe Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what isc2q3d ,3w 93njcfytn-ks tt3 r their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light tr.h2e5 uz-o:gpi)yw-ta oqo /aavel fea2o:. -ap /qiyo5 ht -u)wgozrom the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spegt4oq1)23ae0e l pr geed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?qgepr0gao3l2ee 1 )t4

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of uo :zkf;k2z w*0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired zwz*;o k fk:u2toward the Earth?

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