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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has nm vqatjvfl w6+jr,;0y 6/6fhzo windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship i,ajj vl yzhm 6ffw r0vt6+q6;/s stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desigb 0ufvdwqtpe(i( 12/c ned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resul7 hb u-xl:ads(ts of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometn//m+ nm*u x, ufcy9d) edhrr/er yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.(lhv lc)ul ve v(./cv8v69jddd, rlt:
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relatvdn;p0v95qvq*xff q q 4pv q64ivity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relau38vgi wxw) + yq/tus5tivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of/ to,-n,tm: 8 pyn en,toqzpd2 relativity was that th:n-qp y dmto82nzot pt en,,,/e laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate ofbqv07b((eeh*sjxto5 pn1v4: 8mc kk f special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate8q l(g9qy7y vpi x-lw/,3f fhd of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure 2tqi* yxahds 3tq-zyl9/b5:fyour pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed oqq2hf i 9ltzy:b /sx3 a5*y-dtf light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a wce:4mb -jcj9)nql p7 moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definedbsj/1sca+1b4 5jcr xm;p o -df as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space shic*,igg/ 7l vuwp traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin rem,uiwvgl /7c* gains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obs34sti4tgx s u+erver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approl::edhtv.wwf*9mn6d de, gy4aches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observeth64yldndg.f9d e :we:,w vm*r,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocitvuwcg8oa 5/gg8j( s,ry that approaches the velocity of light. The length of thisjg5/c(8 aosvg 8 wgru, object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the2ir/ fiw55xvq mass of the partic i/xi2fv5rq5 wle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the spee .tra ) 6ldi0mhu1md+td of light, the momentum of the particlmrmu)til6 .1+hdt0a de

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure itx,hkv. * ia45hdfxqhp8v9+uh k knd;0s length at one-hal vd4h0* kfxk p .ah;qkx+95unhh8iv,df its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a ssl8-d qy+fwr3 peedy proton when its relativistic massr8+dsflyq-w 3 doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy pamgz8gnba))b) /n*tbroton when its relativistic masn/zn g)mgbba)* t a)b8s doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle os,u;f8 cg04a7h bmlkc+ hsf-scr:z* yf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a s+p0/lzsce7(tx1ko yv2g h u 5gtraight line. Ship A is moving directly away freg vhluco 7t gx21ks/+y(5z0pom the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's framb/ao 7s4tkr -ubk, l5qe of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of yourueey k1dlp v),-txaxkv44 :8e1( apch spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what lq (pd yetn/v2 du;3c4speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that 2tql( cd4yv /p3ne d;uis flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the sh n)64uuirp+ ziore, don u4iu)p zi+6res it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thecp-h 36nf u o3bw,)4lw kposo- shore, does it oc wo6)k 3,wpo -4lhsbfp3u-nmove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary omh,uuw 9-w k;eao6gxv: v-wl(bserver as running at one-half its n ,:loe v-6 ma9wkwxh;v uw-g(uormal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonst;tf,d.rd :t sdk59wxd03 bfa mop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. I.:3m;s0ft r9fwa d bddkt,5dxf the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney54erqh )fg+zp, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns,)r qe5+p fz4hg Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0fe5ednra h2:(cxpz: 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based :( r:hae2cxf50n zedp twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed z6 vuchq*5p(7cf0dam of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contrad2ihr8 :cxd z5ct to half of its proper length (as observed by a stardh:xzc 25d8 itionary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship zxp+s /;*zejt is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it ap ;+ep*z/jxzs tpear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 l 7jt/qlq5bb3 i0zf+ sxight years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according toqbbi 3fj+ 7q x05/tzls a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, we 0zj)e c;yb+,.k ;wizindz r:hich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on bori;yz0 e) dz zcwn.,j:ei+;bkard the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.3 kl y po(c 9v.ewn3l)n;bo0v4q0 light years away. A spaceswekpq0ol. n(v)yv3b4 n cl;o9hip with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at gei).n 87n*s*gmshr l(zsi 7 s0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its res0ldjdgy e.2p3a oy4 v3t mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, ck;6ectct8 07gsfpjetbw89 6then your mass will tbsc0 k;tjce9f 8p678wcet g6increase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumo2as/8q fcn .z in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an e-fan ;e6l rk zts8l) eju68q r78v6xm r/wih2dlement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was loh12n vz;p;c kcst during a reaction?hk cp1vn2;c; z

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to tw;,s3qsd;gw,hqj gq4ro kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peoplelzxxik2( o5wn) s**y,esnx 2syn4kb-, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was5nly wybizs*s2 xxksn*o4, (2kx-)n e converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is th* bz a2eu3moj0e speed of the *aj0moub 32 zeproton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its kv)l . wtirve47q+f;gtotal energy. What is the momentum ieiwr)g.+q;tl7 v 4vkfn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) duriaeo5s; ze;t 2eng a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactiqem9u3.c q;vgd xf3n )on in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving wi fqn;d ax*r;-/1:c6(jhd bvaszg o1jyth a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to6q -ozavmuu;w4 kak7 9 accelerate one kilogram of mass from res ;o4zvq9ka7auwu -6 kmt to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, br wgcm.-0w j18svfi :$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated tbm3)5+; frjfvmni*c t hrough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with rtb )v3 jcfr*n+5mf i;mespect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the drcl719x6.wv 5xt mhu speed of light from the Sun tom9chvr wt. 5x7ux6ld1 be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through 2-oszwd .7s:rfx+vzc2y ra f4space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly t4x7z-fa 2v.o2rw rd+ f zcs:ysoward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fahj0 rwt-yi :5fst would light travel from the hyrt f:h 0i5w-jeadlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the l3w ;ya;z vp 3vjqs+,hEarth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if thp jv+;;hlq3v,s 3azwye missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshifke u2 bbxw tl2:**1)0sdo r,y:zxq z9 rqh(csp then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measurybe:, w9 s(d*rq xc1) lf :rhb202sztu kqzx*oed by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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