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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no wind85ny ,jatwh; sows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at co 8y,tsa n5hwj;nstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experim6 ;3gbrxdb1f r*0gk88kyx5 z hpeljb 8ent was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of theg4k6w eu+ jaien,2a9h/w. juj ir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself i 0*pzxwpv g:qw*(*s3d t)mf kbrz 62ecf you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity m5ep :ze yk/+eee;jj7principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativphmceu3wmq r*ub c *x21/21gnity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativityefhm j/ av h10:v2qvd*

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulwcgt0-wbeeb+l -p + ej)q4c:kates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws )qecbtje e+ -wp0c+k:4wgbl-of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulat al t.21t7m lptus,rl.e of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate ofx-fn kzy(m0cyy 7.pv8 special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship movz:1nn;4p4yd7xo pxh j ing away from the Sun at a speed close to y4j;1p xpn:zoxnd 74hthe speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a station2 x2gb):1 h emurs6m,4x .-yvboqc zuxary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined asd,xy gep)9 xd zd/50cx+ p7 rzxyfr*6c $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship b nrd2e)fiuso0mfi3 l(9( , fvtraveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the otherf( rsovin03d2mlb,9u ife f() twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving o.08/i u*ykjn44 hzf9v a dxdib)bmsg5bject

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pay4wm-vdx ,bkte m14y-rallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light 4 ydkwmbte1-v m4xy-,. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a.ti4tn: i,efkbyelv .( ke9 7d velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary 9 vi: (bniety4 f.dtkke. ,7leobserver,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approj+wzyjum6n1 f1i m(hv5x+gp)aches the speed of light, the mass of the particjn x6i(+wpzm mfygj1)+uh 5v 1le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle apprk /to 3 nedevk- ,dsl(f.;tg-woaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particd,nkw 3t(o.ds-fktl -vg e;e /le

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you.bw;3numub g3k4.kzch (t2kquz- ws4 at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its no 3ukub 2 ztuwh3.4cwnbg z4-;(kkq. smrmal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its reh1drrn-sd4(i-o/f/ wtg f+ju j4 hk+ alativistic mass doubles?+-+4h(g4kfi/h ur /w fj1rstajd- dno

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy protxzfny1tgahpde qg .po6m t.*u;9d:,jl 4-7g oon when its relativistic mass douom ql;f.d 6 49gu*7y j,o1dt:ghpxn egza-.tp bles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masu,u:0* lwmvu csc: 8lws $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Shi078d folevy f*p A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity d* 0evlffy7o8?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame 4fxikj8qy4x6 of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spag d3idfgd7+ wltl 0.a2ceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in zn1mv ,15mla sstill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is mvza51 l,1m snflowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to tha4 w- x/v qam7f1b wcl(noe22ke shore, does it move in a river that is l m7wnkfx q( 4e2wv/2-o bca1aflowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With w(1ln u7l1oq4s9otka h hat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river t7a(11ns utol9hk olq4hat is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obsk 4gw4p :jtft7erved by a stationary observer as running at one-half i:tfw jk4 pg47tts normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop 7: hp adiyr5+.dr 8)qd8zzpvm journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock oy5r a87p+d)iv zd.q d8zpmh:r n the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years /ws o6i- yi*un-(svschayj sb.2; 0xiold. While Courtney remains on Ea6j/ics iy*-os. ysvba (h-;s0uixw2n rth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space tri 2 shskhm5:je.)l uc88 7kmuqrp with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to rs82 u:k huj5k l7smh)c8emq.a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. .hv2gxt.5iky What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract toxtiz(59 za2oto on3 c) half of its proper length (as observed by a2)otzoz nto5 c9i x3(a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spacesrjmcq,d:d9::9rq v c mp*- brmhip travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, whatcrrd:9 :dmm,r v9jp:q* cmbq - length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light ya 3crjxxoh* :0h,2(rbrhjo s:qi x8+zears away. A spaceship with a constant speed boj3qi:zs +:xx(r ao cjxr0r2,hh8 h* of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centj,n*,sq vl.ti auri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on avil ,stn.,qj* clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ligh5al/en7y *i /ey bnb-rt years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relatin7be ia5/eyy n*bl/r-ve to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mqc;8;j sth lz9ass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton i:kl sfjad3;c496l-7mdsv ,eb kwm n(jf its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your masslz /m+6yynq v2tg:f6 a will inc6yzm+2ynq6 :vgl /ft arease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in +b)s6ao+hnlj s m2qo* $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lo i u,y/hiej2 cv4vggw8fdux7:ms . /a)ses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would e ulxwz y apm;5u.kq9uq/79q,be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction xaq9k,.l79 quzqe5u yuw; /mp?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivale93idamfug6 c :,cnv m*0a*tch nt to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, h75z -;cshzn ifelping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How muczn75 sizf c;h-h mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of it8; i4v3;c-1 megcotk oxzpw p8s total energy. What is the speed of t8 pitp zmg8; o3;xe1-o vck4cwhe proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum i2dobitsb-wqv861 03e iun .w qii s6uv3ob-t2i0 dwn8 we.1 bin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reacti n0k s6s8ids.uon in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duri .+t-kvbhpx ( ldj*t/ong a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.cuj q,43;xz7r wj jo*a95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to dqa.w z;l( :y*xsvt),qi yf(yaccelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity ofl (ty ad)vwyzx is,q(.:qyf* ; 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 3l z3 almsxt jg5ii)w4,dab71$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerat,occr/yw/ o.ted through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to itsooc,.wr/ c t/y rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0-) j+mvo6q ard.95c. You measure the speed of light fr6a -vq+)doj mrom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space4sf.k sx ef1nn 3 7r2en84r9ldwqlml9 at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either crafdf342nrklrsxm.s q 4ennle989 7lw f1t?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is travea ) 5zdw4)q0tv a ;dffst h(bv;rh*rq7ling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the4 tdzras)f ;ta0(;v) hh5d*qqrvfwb 7 headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed o 22 orwo6hfj6)(g fjhjf 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on f2j2)ofow66 jh jghr(the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth withhu+dkun, a,8 +x4 1bol(qqwus a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the sphdwuka8u1lnq+ (oxu b4 ,qs,+aceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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