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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship th)6n;*h1fe+gcaqwbtq k . sy s3at has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to sqnkf*3 gcq1a6t.w hyb e)+ ;sdetermine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desig q*57ov1:hannw 3regap-qy6 cned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from g sm(:afxgz8 28 nspniyoj31-k 8jl. bthe results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the follb x3lb6jp nw wy,/uwyi+4z97uowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity v ahfcq1jz: .j*f2fr8 principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relags+yd-w((zx ux:-2m n(usqft tivity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rela:bbl -elrf1t. w y)qfur3 v;k.tivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in f*(hy(qc51 m ,fo- 43bqgpgyz n ltb.kdormulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of phoyq lqfp 3 4gdymhzn.5 1g,-(ck*(bbtysics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special xzz*5vebhww t.v 946 irelativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postul+o2p hf 6dv,u:n e*ormate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship movibuqjsgg+6vcs 32(a ui9g1v wgghv7 8-ng away from the Sun at9bvh1ga2j- g 8+g6cvgg quv7 ws3s(iu a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a :z9qionhg0q1xd,:6* cw0f rbv h4jwy moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined ( p.jst*lxp :7ozk9mb as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes ae7 p,aalpp8n / ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin,anl ape8/ 7pp remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a station2uc.kq wa-a8 4mbqc0qary observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approypkw2 jcu/9,oaches theyoj u,c/2wpk 9 velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paralleui45v fje2 (h gd6jcr 7jrmatb+l5x,.l to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a j 7tb5 a2(45+e,jvxifgml u.j6 cdrhrstationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particvrlwg63 xlf c ,3lh+x4ler+l g,3 h lxx46cwlv3f

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches thrlqw/2nx2jb4 3 wqw7je speed of light, the momentum of the particlew 2j wbxj2wq7/3ln4r q

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. 4-0tch yvf2fhAs it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normalc4fv0 - 2hhtyf length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistyvzxjr4l2bj rx+5e/c1a(o, :m q8z uu ic mass d/,r x +xrucqjz(vy42e8:15 obl muajzoubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy protnw/g -p (hta e 4nc*n72++nrovb nn)mson when its relativistic mass doubl whgmnn-c+) (evb4p*t7as/2 n norn+nes?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of maz23o c:pj*24x wpew 7 wd(yqyzss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.500gc,2 b dmtkb*b+a+voc in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and shipokd,cbv0b* btag m2+ + B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observerjn q*yb)6smbi76c 8 ir(bxw3h's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increase+ a40gvba)ovsl 3io 4js, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wa(hj pwd1t8,v l axlj)*ter. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river j*a8td,)wlvl1jh x(p that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.03vvy;i5tbm eiq/ i3.l/p(a vl m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downp 35(tm/l;vqie ilv/.i b3 vaystream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shoih b,(2ifh4lcyy* *r cre, does it move in a riveryhc2(fcy blr4**i ih, that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary i flc3o fc;+q, snb2s.observer as running at one-half its normal ratlcs;.n q2 fi,fs3obc+e?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hourn1jbk71q v il9s according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed onkq197 bivl1jn the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initiawv 63oz a8x3:jd4k(jxmfy8 ohlly 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back (3vzx3f6y:xood4 8hj8m kwjaat 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with m +asz 2zb *k8h+yyuyp(;hx4)scv4v m a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earazpkys v4+h*y+2hum)vbmyc 8;4 xs (zth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of n1ebge 7tuf .,m 8e(gq0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket shipv9 i7 bgy39gr* n-bvfg have to move to contract to half of its proper length (i9bf3*y- g n9vggrv b7as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travebe +dr)gf*8.oc2ko mpls by you with kc ro)o pe*gf2md.b 8+a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri 0 uq53qmny 0:hm0-q iqq*seju:o7cwz , which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a conon 0:c ihw3squ*mqq7qj zq50-y0ue :mstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 t f wbr2+i08;:zyixds light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on asy bfw208z+ d;r xiti: clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cendv q;est;kz w +7:m;hn(qck*p tauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star.;: eqmnkkhp(t q7d;cz*vw ;+s How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rephp2 1 **ryoqcst mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if v tvvg8yv0/ ,ep a9;isits mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, th9p6rxof.ny 2x, /xbiv en your mass will vo,xy pf nxx92rb6./i increase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in e pk)gbbem b8q, as/ 3b3y.kk($kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses aa-1auv g39rutw8g.)xq wqm1 $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was l-wdckj8b-f em 3 1n(ctost during a reaction31 cd(ec -tm8kjwnbf-?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent)r bkkghd0yz;t,u-lu)h w -i. to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 19ucan1 s 3t:v g5xm m,6oln1x/g45 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy w :xmv,cxm6s5 gto/a13l u1nn ghen this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 800o-ny sni/ f.fyjp.f, % of its total energy. What is the speed of thefo.p 0 infy, /j-nyf.s proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of it8d cojyt3mtmu67) g4cs total energy. What is the momentum in 3 m8 4jytc7t) coudm6g$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during hs*lse7 j6 noi1a,gw )a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reacttoy0wv2w14z1 gqh(rx* a;gwr / ;feqjion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energyit7 hrn(-8 t mxwr,rj. of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required t(j8ief*y hh. to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.hf(*j ihety8 .866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 2w2,uiqwko**vdtzh , $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increas)gizyqgbpq4/er-:t z4oq+gp9z ; 6xked with respect to its reg)/g4qz:qg 4-rpzq yzt;+xb 6ok e i9pst mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95cjew-6a n ejnjckzk/ 1a e2x;u1z6o-e5. You measure the speed of light from thej/acen2-ezk 5ejz1;6e-xk6u1 w aon j Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative j,f5x z-i wg6m;+lwiwto the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as mwi;w +m-zw,5ij 6flgx easured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How f e:ynh4-hz-g 7 izr-puf2fq b7ast would light travel from the headlights of thfy rfh- 7 q-zng:pbeu2 h7-4ize ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth withd,o:wsgk4s*x a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired aw ,xwo *:ksg4sday from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80cs b in+*c:xho(. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceshibin:sox (*+ chp. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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