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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for yoe5 wu:- zrr:ch4wbv*3z.hgxns(7/neb z qw6eu to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at cow*crn6h(hzvgb:z/3b x:z sw45 7- euneew.q rnstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was l5y-qlu qtr( ,z2e7 xjbpvts-;9n3mkdesigned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their exp p 198:ultr cg-zlq9jg6*;+lqpuod rkeriment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use yaecd0(c 3mtt71dkz 6the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prinvumx7nag u m0/lf /ndpo16 79jciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonia0:3hncpo;aip q o0e;c n relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativt,l /tj8nnad 2ity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's post;f-ewjkzv 7ems4 tww ,hf,54zhln 3 vk/dtm- 3ulates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of ph,fz3 37wh mtjvw4swdt;z h /evnl5-4f mk-ek,ysics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativitbge;.td- w2kphzlb ;; y.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of spet7 4no.di/7b by-ib3 y jdf2uccial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse raxdbvrg80i p6+n 7kow:/:gbhzn 0/ xg bte while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at x0b6o7nnr0h/i8 zk:gbg:/d+w bxpg v a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clock3- ghetvf m ffv-aqhm2a 79. 5oi(tb5w

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined ak lgmn 5zla8wm(1.q3 qs $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a r8(3 xil yj9j)jl6 ulpcide in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The t i l6j)jul( jxcp938ylwin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obserpzl, v++ crrb/ver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velo52s7 8tkad:dr924bei4 h5deom g,yg *qvbp jl city that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observerk:j524ph egvd* is2ad g,t 5 lber b79d4q8omy,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its nk2eni z hqyvv35pv1-)6mua 4length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length zvmp1-q hn4e6a ui5 vv2) 3yknof this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle apprjo,rv9v+9j7hg ) oak loaches the speed of light, the mass of the particle r)oojlhjv9v,kg +a9 7

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a pa +t7stqug:yt 4bv0;tlrticle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the partic ;0 lttt+yq4:tg7busvle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you /xxtp2(jg4x 7xt.vjsq 2cd( 11yswu5xmcq. c at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this c2q/s.xxmj(gxtx1ts jc4u 7(2 1pd.wcyxqv5 measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic xp;dm8d9/q gbenergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dou;d q/b xg8dmp9bles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic e e;wxsg0/veylzg*b04nergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mz/esyb;lw00 egg v *x4ass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masse oq*l prlskckv; /7;2 $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each trave(fb /8x 0vfk ;uknvy7eling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light comykbxv8v/f;fu ( n07e king from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following d ,ia7kx7u.k b;bya2dz.gs :yjepends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you e7 t3o fv9/ig1 b+mg5 h;zzi.6m:nvh p; nyfztwould observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/zkqtrwk) 9frb, a4 . p00knuz6s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is unk4wzr,0t6qa0zr 9. b pkf)k heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0z 7t,csae(gk: m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headin:7,tks( cezga g downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water.1 jw/id18x, f mxjw-yy With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flo 1yd / -ywfxijx81w,jmwing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationarulugv2m/k*sg 2) q pm9*szq56 imv ,fg1oxc7ay observer as running u2 m5 va,o*ixu 9f/kglsv7mq*zm)qp s6c2 1g gat one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journeznp,x:olge e 02i9+tpy to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed:2+ 0ez o,ln9gpx itep of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 yea1la/;mnq 7 yqars old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth ny17q l;m/qaa at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip -i ;3 o7pha6yyhsa uwv1wo0 9gwith a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. ayha73o;w1y h-vu oiwp 60g9s Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. Whhs4y3h/dl6 yjt t. f0lat is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper vyy de0t:;/ap:j2*zs hk4ix6 sic x5xlengtt46s0*a:s c :5iyh d2ey;/ivpzxxxkj h (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshpu35iny(i:bc t cs 2,ltt3w3jip travels by you witc ipc35ts3unwt yij,b(l: t 23h a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.y26g v9 5h9ff+c wcw*3;va5akdehfgh 30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the shif vwvh9 +92fa6;3h 5wyh g5f*dgekccap?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solarivol(f1vyi t+j( jn :, system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock 1ty+nojli, vjf((i :v on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centabne y t+ljx6q,c( uga;m-t3)w1at 0uvuri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earthey lxm aq06(n;tgt3 w1au+b vu-tj c,)?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is travelgmtl41tx ckmwcml-t o 4c+3ha+9- gp+ing at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its/yt3k6aw5 mff ina,xzd.s. -x rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes froz6xix:q 0;zp* 1be5qgxik :ijm 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incrx 6;: z*q q15:0zbkxiij pexgiease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumt-r(ugah / 3s/ goovq+ in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an eli /:sygz9 6 ww7wo*m4yxih n+lement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost dcbo278uzz 0g jopi,:uuring a reactio:0gujoo8p 2 bcuzz,7 in?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equiead dv,dnw36 qe ,ohlps8 m051valent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killedt d+mq uel1 zwrq4)2/w 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day.w2) wq1 qedm/t+4zr lu It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a prov;a9(vw)-(gati u4w r subf0jton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed ofw(vtvsg4 i9u fa-rb;u j)(w0a the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What i1hz u)qpytw0u0 j;1dv s the momentum inh1wjy1 pud0v)q0ut; z $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) duringl:;i( 4a qjkpu a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost 7j5i/ drgc q.iuaq 9tv+ sdq)/during a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving t bfu 1() ;b/fclfqc9s sxs.)hwith a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required:n* t pf w*hmp,vk9.y3m ,kmtp to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity omfw *mkn ,m:ppkt.y *3vht9p,f 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, c(lgy8ydh9nmb8s4 d3 $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor hasaunnue dr906q.p7jp;/h jc e. its mass increased with respect toje6 q7pp0auh/j.;en .d9rn cu its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the b : nytqav+t w02d6rs/x;wq 9 4bnmd(xspeed of light frn 209 (a;+xbsr/wn vtwbt6x :yqdmd q4om the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relatga38fc3n6gxr bixa9aa js./1l+ *n xlive to the Earth. If the ships /c3nab6f xja9an r ls3x8 ggla1.+x*iare headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light tr qy-r3 9o+tv:ucay6 na lht(w5avel from the headlights of tyl oq6r(+ :wvtathc9y 3a5nu-he ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thpy0h/: rff7: d2w7 imqw8 bstksu un3:en fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is firet7 7y0 p:mn u/:khr3ub8:wssfiw f2dqd away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship owve, e5gf)1 pvk-pg(then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocitwv ,poef 15(gvpkg)-e y of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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