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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a sw mpxnf+5.y4uj2 8(, tms 2z9 pdgojtppaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant veloco85 tynmdump922spw4j( x,gz jpf+t. ity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley :t1- ;n /oyr8 iyfcaajexperiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their ef /dxvjnh /2oxi1h-x6 xperiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourse4x1 ef7jq;ox kr+nrn9;bky. g lf if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prijc fo51q5 rf8tnciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assus of r59-rxm2 :d,k)f give1fzmptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativi +9ky;dqi c*h9zc9/q h ispy)aty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special bl1ceg/ kokm(zjr9a tac;o)f 309i 1vtheory of relativity was that the laws ofbkar (ci evk1a ;j)f91l0tczmgo/39 o physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of specq od:+:g3 rc *g7fmhqwial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postula q(2c45xl clrbte of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pul(se/.yt9ps glsld:e1 se rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sul9s1 ps/y g (t.dlee:sn at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationea1fmk6ku9hhm 61c8: a d sio6ary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is da0ua bj70hhk 8pt;fy 9g9-hmkefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship trav(x g2(an;:g c dlekonqd nu812eling at a very high speed to a distant stag :a( 22nun(nl1oxe dq;dc8gkr and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving object pogkw/ 6ion. y rzwo,)c76ts:

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direcqe: k- 63ynhmdtion parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as- m kh:36yqend measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallyw;apei ,8 :lvzk*c au *d2ey/el to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity;ai,d y ek*a* 82/cv lwe:zupy of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the partib s8gjvcizn h *f.5)(cclv zshcfb5* ni8cj( ).ge

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum oftyn vfe;f6, fn y+8a my:s6r)g the particls a6n6vegy)ny r t+: fm,8ffy;e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high s2wq g.)jv1e7 wpqy w71pygs1xpeed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this meas7 2wxg ewysj.ypg1v7)qp 1qw1urement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativisticv: 22*g,aqwu8pe xv0 .qefg5da8zoo5b,hrt o mass dox2q av.5rt8qwb*: opv0e 2o58e fzhg, auo,gdubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when*g t4nk t7tj.-hms9yn its relativistic mass doubm*7ksnngth.4t 9 -tj yles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of vb*z6.b kdjj+ mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship b ga- n3d3qd /i7a,geji nu 79guxs;*bA is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this qb7 n9; e-dgj u33niax,*ig/s bguad7velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's f9pqbvzom+1 b6 rame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship inp7cs4ps1v,alsfs 2 3 gcreases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s c9 ols6s8bznuqtxe60fv2a31y x4 b w*in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?lx9 eo0y6aft8x1*s43nv 6q2cb zb uws

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spcj6c+ wg 8.(wu0ck2utjo w, n8dc )bcteed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/ w8gcw6j ,w nut+2.t0bkuocc)(cdc8js if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 5il0 47yo7nk( 6z fb9gk oieogm/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is f4l57ike70 biko9n6o yg(og zheading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed bm.7d8* qfvg fzy a stationary observer as running at one-half its normalq8v f.z7fgmd* rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours acys/ i ,nj/eu6vf 3eb89naqp*kcording to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has el/9y,i ns ubkea/qvfnp6j* e 38apsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initi9hpgfekft+ b8(p7kb +ally 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upok8+e 9p +tg7kpfbf(b hn her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space tri,nnl fk,ktwl 6))lax ss)y3h19lb y d6p with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own ah ll,9ftn 6a yly)k n d)x61),swlsk3bge and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What v xfr, p2yj0aob-92d ris its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its properov7/e -k mjyhg b8/mcel7z+h+ length (as observed by a stativ h-hje7eg+lk +/8b mmco y/z7onary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the scsl;s(wacl( i1 jc1 z0paceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear1(wlclc10 sij s(a cz; to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha k:gu,9-h qkhy Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A sp-hh 9ky:,ku qgaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, *oebelq*yn ;u me6 y6si3/ze0which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travel/*;bqeuy ze* ey e0ln6i63 moss toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha4dv.ds:l.jig Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward. .:gldvsi4jd the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its man1i8tau toai4j+ unxc3 rw653ss? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice 0b8: awz bzp*hits rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, the-o(g*d:ffovt. n 6ejvm x1f/c2o1p een your mass will incre6xgfn *cv v:-ffotmo(/ pod1.j e1e2ease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in l+zoof;;qo+ l$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an ele3+nt qr/fxz ;s+xt. 60phxacm ment loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost durf5cvc0 d i4l *qy5j+m ma(y:laing a reactiyl mdqcv5l 5af0* aj i(y:4cm+on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogra6zbu:+a;xpx64smhm0 nuq -no m of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peoppss5zavi*o )+ le, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT expios*vs)z p a5+losive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. a 9ud54 eu19ipw0 :ae z,p yc7qubr1peWhat is the speed of the protop9z:a0 a14ep9 5uruip byuwdq,ce7e 1 n?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its cfvp,+0u 7*upa4age* xgh0guwupz* 6 total energy. What is the momentum *pgug w+6 pva ugz**a40e 7cu,uhpf0xin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a gjrqr z:f3psn+;ob7( reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a rekld vj l i lmi6-r( ;pasn(rio/y a(,/0izk8e:action in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an e+he *zbta7 ij(lectron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to acg5 ljgeh:2jx .4 wyu,pcelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity opjx,u4.5 yejhg l:w2g f 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, d ofcqs,p +s:4$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has/ ogu7 ;u)gdmo its mass increased with respect tmouu7g/go ; d)o its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the ib;x l /a4rlum*q;8lcSun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sunx /*c8;bqmrl lilu4;a to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling nmf+i;ki2tsea 2 ffir+ --m8k through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward;fn8aifsftmk2 -ir++e -m2k i each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c.lx ::rly 5i6isif.du ; How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative.l rli:ui:ifs5 ;x6yd to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves aw9 6jqylnyol a710zdu)ay from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the jy 09d7lonyl 16qzu )amissile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacpg:xe47c3y 3 ;q jq:+yygiuz geship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired gxe qi3j473+p g yg:y;cq:zuy toward the Earth?

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