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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, r4+0vzl +ib ,t,amnlsghl*+ ml g/3ub iadios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should y0la+ bgl43h t+ mi*bnizu,v s/glm ,l+ou do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment zuc1l1c;xb2s haneowb2, tr. .7jkehbpm803 was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of theiqy5q(vsx o,:.o /qf gor experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the f:yidu+.m) l2( yi zwl.ggxrj6 ollowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princivepy v:;*pti- ple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unproz8s2b5 jfrho: cgv1n8vable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relatn e(mn6i ymb8l0 qz);0kp5ymk4lu(j oivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates *z./ rohe(vnp6t zwh+ in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physwhn e(rp.zztvh/o+6* ics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativjbqy 0a2(ad0w3wo edzr; .*kc*g hnl jb. n/z9ity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second posto2; sw ph9mv2sulate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your r 8bv1*n/hkw mpulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you woul *1/kvhbn8wrmd find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a qv6 w4pz.tp fui/ 3avt*dj8bxi*u7+ hmoving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined6a ilb1pc ,zf. as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at68rmgmk ;nk hbh)b4+q d cw 3zirh)i)og :z18z a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that r));zm8dmqg zki+hbb o3 kr4 )1 i:wrgchn 86hzemained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objectl88p pkfigk i5 ys,7xz.3lm9y

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that apwfmb4:g7, e5vf. 7+dgsnzj xb proaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a st wzf :57m.7x e ,+sdbgnj4fvgbationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a di9.6fjrtfibc zdp qrm 3h:0 -b,rection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object,if bt.p0 z6 m dbqf3c:jh9-rr, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particna57 afp;z .irl 8;nkjle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particl.l 7 nn; afkizr5j8a;pe

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the spee: um i,8sfufw: : n7icl8enl sdx,+qw8d of light, the momentum of the partin887euils,f,cdwu::lx m 8sn+fw :q icle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its le)o erj*5m lh-ength at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must bj)5- emh lro*ee

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic m+* l0js 0qvwylass doubsqyv l0 0*wjl+les?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic etnuy ,;;l :-pxvt10 5nezomobnergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass double5n ybexzv:mol;,n u;0tp o1t-s?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass 5213n)l ztk4krm2mg rzm/2iu zkk8hd $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceshig01t +uvbod oytn v-8(uz wk4z7g1 a.rps, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Su+a uoytt(g-1.1uvz v0 zr kngwd 7o8b4n and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followiv )k1fxiowt 2-ng depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, ;,per /ugdl 6zyou would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatigynl(s 2*1 vf blo.jvnq9/0blve to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing l0 q(b1*gjnvloy/ 9 sfl2n.v bat 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the swyf gjz-q0+4 ,- /4dcuks xcioldb3m0hore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is he glfxkso-u03bz ycw i4c+,0q4 jmd d-/ading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wi dy r8p4efc5c;th what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is fl4c; rdp8e5cyfowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a statiy* wuy452fq0uuz 5qkiuu -f1qonary observer as u4y5q 2 w 0* zufuy-5iu1kuqfqrunning at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop jourzw 9g ftn81roq(-cl6sney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship-t 1r(gn8qlof9cw 6sz . If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtne6ikq d 5yl4/iky remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c5ii 4lq6dykk/ . When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brothel-nl a wj qd)mx(8t+y) -msat/r takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spacesd- jx/-tlm(tl y8)+ w)na amqship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. 5w r *ech/v 9tg:lcw8e What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of it0vnyap o )8m1os proper length (as ap08 oymvo)1nobserved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaces.my5vyz9 cg 8ship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length dos gy5m.cy89vzes it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light ieeq 0/x,*rgo*szl )gyears away. A spaceship with a cons eg,r)**ol0x / qgsezitant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Adn /jb+l:e ub,lpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to thd/ej ,n+ub:lbe Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system ifzbc s73*ym8a9rfo4a s Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the maozf 8f *ars47b yc39star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The re(( ywbvi8qr+z7xh3w k k0; /os6rpmpfst mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its re wf;q(h ma;iiaz rt2j1b)8 f-vst mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of yon sjy//v64k esd7/qatn yc 41ji-pcf*ur spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will injs 6yaq* cc/v- jt44n df7s1 iknep/y/crease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in zc(:pcqlt*s5a0 3z 5fzlf b+p $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element ld wb;ft -)t(jroses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost duap d o0,)t36f sy,xf zotd**hhring a reaction?f0zxp3 o6 th, oyfdhas*d),*t

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilzm)tgu.s1vb* ogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 kille 4rufjtvrwr 5 +2e3g+rd 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 ton+2 r3rew+54 rtrfuv jgs of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy3,hn xdb9*g c b,qib/b. What is the speed of thg*3 9cqbxhb, /b,ndbie proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total ener8 pq(ohvw 5na /l:,e2sxn/mftgy. What is the momentum/f, smtn w a8hp:n5/vl2xqo (e in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releasecwm z(4 duwg8maw 707lwee ..ed (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whicuigtkg74yjf .) +s x*zh $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an elect7ks hg1)y - 9n2yljujcron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerat4hu+qry .-w6trsi(k azzmd55 e one kilogram of mass from rest krw dh-5usqry.z tz56+ im4(a to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, (ogq*ie 3x h( dp)qxy-$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 )vd5 .-+bg nb-jjrokhkV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to it5- rho- d+b)kjbgjn.vs rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away mz;m)1z jhtou 2b4un.from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of lmuu 42j;tb zn1 ho).mzight from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Ea(w js+svu*er -us-df:yld. j0rth. If the ships are-: r v-jswd.ule *yujsf+d(s0 headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with *. 0(yjcjbghw 8eid hpd,7)h ua speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative8b0c* (hp7h iyd juhjew),gd. to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spo8 z3)f5 j+l pu nf1ukftvl* (f7wb7vmeed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative tf* 7uv1f75pbz3jwl tou k)8vff+(mlno the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.8a8 /mzz - +zbb):2kzkofo a7hk0c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the misak+f zb zz)kzha /o8ok2:bm7-sile is fired toward the Earth?

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