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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, ra3b xk;pqc ):yu86iso wdios, or other means for you to observe or pk: )qcs6 y 38buwo;ixmeasure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desigoaxeu y+ so9;.ned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley co63qvao:ms n r/ncluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an inter4f0u k1eh s :/;vq,dtgwshd :mferometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principl vke)v),t (*s7zxsrqm e.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newyi9vbbwt ,9 ds.m f5p;: ,d qjsfmp)+ptonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativit;(hb9h/2rrtzsy0:tw c pnva2(prj c, s nx6f+y

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity.ihrkrd/uggbx,gx-2 )p l u:3 was that the laws o,)uk/2x xlpub - :. hgrgidg3rf physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special,i 0az* tyn rr v8zr9nfy7h; :5hazcs) relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special ref7l-+l tu4b+/y( fjql8d.6uy.o/ pvcs jsfullativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in)pe -ge a3kxwa+t(ec, a spaceship moving away from theg-3x +weta c(eek),ap Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary om jgu1md r0eyd;,9*; 9uu+pw .sclf pkbserver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is define(i n3w i+b p.gqm9sxq;/)sszld as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high spee6bk ieq86 dy.l)rpc+ hd to a distant star and back again, while t 8qrehl.di y+6cpb6k)he other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mjr l(ii8a2*x-x n:gh boving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length +f.t9z +vu jfkcvu09rwith a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of vu9czu0fj r .+v t+kf9this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its6q6)x8znj*aqtyef-gav*m/ g;et xf0 length with a velocity that approaches t;f/*ayf)q vm 6 0nt-6gja8exxg *z etqhe velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particlebpp0kdaany .nw /)or 3 )1oq-e approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlekop )pad31w 0q.-y)ennba/or

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lightm3m wk4-a;oav1 *ihsxre rb 84, the momentum of the particlam-i ;k*w3armx8re1 b4sovh4e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high spuy- 4y bats5 z1xm6y4need. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal lennub- 1y4m6s y5z4ty axgth. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativist6e(7: uxpla,p1ael u*bq dt;oic mass de*lp:b; dx6ta ua uol,e17q( poubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its r p)x2i 91v owo(ntng;delativistic mass doub(vo xng1)2oiw9nt ; pdles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle -xbj4n eb6(ln of mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c-kc 7 vscm0km-+j *iyo in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approachv-jm mk7ocs* ycik0-+ing the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referenceq(va u *l7f6k5:c8isi7g ao+8c/vb catzcz4 y?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increasesae maz- e7icza+3 t)h,, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wi myaqp 0;:0it cz0dy+rcpzq(t 2b+x1iz8 nh5hat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is fliqx z0+0p n50zy:ic2r 1 8ptizh+tc bamy;d q(owing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spees6 ujiij-8 -zj w1j2tdd, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at jid-w-u86 1s2i tzjjj1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed,i1:z5mg( 6pj1u4en wy3 f)uj *lrqtpg relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boa(jny *j 5iq4g1 63 lzupwre):tf upm1gt is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obse;9orvs ax -38mle ff0bvr:fr 4rved by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal ravo :r ;s0mef-rl93r vb4fx af8te?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10vy,fjf 5uw8z- 6 pxf+l hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Ewu -x5p +fyv6jf,fl z8arth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Co +.04uzma:ef-;s:x*mh9mpayjve bj(m w5 wwourtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0. h:bp5: -;j*+wf9vesjwxe z(m0wamuma. o4 my6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brothv;aw 3sfhn8b. j qt;-vxd5fl9er takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and thhlxs fa; 938v;vqft.bd-jwn5e age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving towar/h. ctv+6/ne(5 bny zcoj.bbsd you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship p *ts8mj ;dbri;3io7 qhave to move to contract to half of its proper lengthjtbrpd qm; *s;o3i8i7 (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is ainbkq,6zles88+i rui j k,)5kt rest. If the spaceship travels by you with aj5ekqk)n,ul6 ,i+8 8szr kibi speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solartzbw-6m . pp11ev b3lcm/dtq ; system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star.p1pdt6 mlwec3/ z1-mqtbbv; . What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4 s0 s 76wuijh8elhm9p8.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse 0 sws8 j ih6l97euhp8mon a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, w,*d3 x1qodi34bb ykgb hich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on *b y 3qbd,4 kx3bio1gdthe Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (l 4w 9t 6 -e5,suvufal6mj0swkThe rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a u*fbb7 rgc 9n)ra75euproton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your r hvuo/.wt 22 ovw6ppw,wcq( i6ct9-zmass will increase b c2thi oro/qtv6zwuw ,pv pw9 -2.c(6wy

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum icf; +gxahy,(sp p( b,: ils3cgn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losesk0dkdrgc s,5(fcx5q8 y*ph9o $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost duri/da6 bvs+w2n;r es. f/h fye,rng a reaction?2r+s /fsn.ae dbh;6ywf vr /,e

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to tnv9.v0yi kh j)wo kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on ,1qffct1uri/i c p2x;Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on tc,2q1;f tiu p/xfri1che next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its totak*4d z( .ues8l(9 h dwcfho-pfl energy. What is the speed of the proto sh4l.d(dzf9e*-kcuw h (8fpon?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a f:n7 (hgkbs ,zvu.*n*3a :jgdc)zwhpproton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentumc7fhj *:3b(sg, vn* hkn.dazu):z wgp in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is release)gri7v c 8jwoh(2 2eepekij, m7wly,+d (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which9 agyx47r(pt 94l loqi $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving i km)9m8rcw,twith a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required p d-wcmc1 g-+ato accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velod -m+wac-1 gpccity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, *qa mz4cu/*t (zp entyx0dq9g:(m0f m$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has it )t+x7ng tzjm2s mass increased with respect jz +7)gn ttmx2to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.9bwide u.ut27*5c. You measure the speed of light b72uuiw t.* edfrom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative t7 nbqrwd z1 tu,36:nsko the Earth. If ts7ru,:q3n z1kn t6bwdhe ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of g wg(r-0* honn0.80c. How fast would light travel from*(wnr ggh-on 0 the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshiuf;s9hs.vo 8uc6*tf1 ;h h rqup then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if theqvhh.uor9uc8 tfss 6;;fh*1u missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eigaxt: z04rs9 arth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. Whza90 i:4t grxsat is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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