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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, oy xs3ztnqezy d,sy3 j76 )m+.yr other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. d)y mz e7,n33+jq.xyy6stsyz What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley exper) j5j.nrp / 9s*ywzofpiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of tgb dplarawgqz-3 y54bf/y(b0/ 0d 8rx heir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use 9iy6er -vbcw 6vu*;r qz08hqs the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pa,m7pbjy v2:grinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativ o7;aq4ixjdem-j5 zi/ity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relee0ua;9* hn ed k fxlgsn57a4q,2jnk3ativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates 6k6ioq /i9 rsrb j/ oq;c1eti4in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physicsqb/or qj6ii9/4s1 e;cirokt 6 are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativity. 3*i,rbb (4wws*cc, u;twuo zw
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate oct8zu2mglr: ax 7dsrilyli*8 2 7(i2rf special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving awa, xw9z.4o.vmlcpc-a py from the Sun at a speed close to the spm4oz x ,.9lv pwac-.cpeed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movingc9.fqea9da1(7b7ziz 7yfaki clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definecsyf wsc6 ) o2(k;qqvtg10d6vd as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed txyi4mdsln,a0vhdpr.p, 6.i ) 52 r xayo a distant star and back ag nidhl0rx ) .p4pdxr,myvas .6,5iy 2aain, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objectk+;juva ; 1rkl

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length;(z x htdpe)43us3f/ssbcs2w with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationaryfws33sdcs /2phb(z)s t; 4uex observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parawb ( smg-i6pkp 5o*2ddllel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The leng( *-g25mpikodpb w6sdth of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a parg g6j3w 0fgy3lt;mk0xticle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particwkgj lmgx3 g0ft3;0y6 le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particldh9hymwbp4p/mn; 769 yhckh8xar3z*e approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the partic hk/npp9abm;hyyhcw67h3r9 *4xm z8d le

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measux(k x(9fhgkxu6cs x -gctn-06 fp8 ej1re its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's g--f hk(sx0t1 fxj c xpk986n(ge6xuc mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relat+uxb z):0 v7fvwm .bt 1e(6wqy ydu8nrivistic mass doublesw0.(b q)nrmft:y 6x uvzeu1y7db+8w v ?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic elz bn*bly8toh2 6zh. zgk)8x8nergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic massg 8lzb zzx) o lhb*hykt86.8n2 doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of bwdw w.5lqe0io2ay, s recal;3 z7ep t3*7rb4mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each rj5zzkz ewdy, b5-)uy4au c7 (traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on )yru,(zc-kjd4eby 5zz5uw7 a each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of re su4n d/hb6tg7.yywk2ference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spacek8(cr ,zbwc/k ship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to v u:nmtb41esp c+*:r nthe shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is hean:rump n seb c41:+*vtding upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in s2u6tc00f 7p9z mzj+xp9y ivjwtill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s ip mf69pzz0xjuyc2w+ it9 7vj0 f the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speeb)uk;q :eo p ptume;7)a/en,hd, relative to the shore, does it move e p,bh/o;ae)k :pm; q7unuet)in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel imdfbr (8k4xrlh6l+ q:f it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normrk(lf dh4lmr+xb :q 68al rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns advy5 29j 7tzrin 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how7yt2 rzaj vd95 much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years oldf gqolx1fh(wi8 9 w8v-. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old.i1g qxwfv( w-lh8 of98 How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip (vcgs ttt qd p1)b9u68with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the ag8tgt (6)dub1pctq v9s e of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is f f:w7js 0l, uuno6ae;its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to vee(bytq1kkd3qeih- n 82 l5-half of its proper length (as observed le- 5ehei 8kynqb32t -qd1vk( by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship trav 9qqaj9(r i2zkels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what jaz9qk(9qr i2length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar swqx2:szax *ge+5+rw jp m2l,*cc nk6 gystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel age2wx5g2p6j: **r+zc+c nms qa k, wlxccording to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is hxq1 67k/txe t :ibyn7gt vf5,4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth g7vy hbnfek,x:76x5tq/ 1ttitravels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpj7,1u6 bgivwcha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative t gu7cb6wi1j, vo the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is i3(r z+tztf2hu ts mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mgazp7x+(: i.u)e 5 ktwp n;jfyass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0;hh jn rvw7 jdm73qu7mjpk252.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase mw5hpu;q2 j77kr7vh md3j2j nby

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumugk)cll- cm 0i, h5eb( in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element los+o ckb ;37ch7eap6 ojses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be reb5y v.apw wuqhyj1c (; 7(h 1mjc;di(yleased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactioh ;(a5j1my .w vhwyip1c;u7dqy( c(jbn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass ab sjz0u 3 j:b91l0rfq0cutt/xt rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasad b +ea:o/j(t cc/ag4xoh ce13ki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War da/xhogb+/e4o1j(:c ecc 3at II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the spet(( f (rrxaq* ejq+0cied of t(qra+0( c rie q(txj*fhe proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the mobxbz94rsb6 t*1i i./- x(t pk)evd38r n zrnfmmentumbt (esx)9zbtidn *ip vz.b6k/ 8rxr3 fm14-rn in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in which e n861qz,a rf+j;e phk$1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a rxg +qy p1btav; c,+s/reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron movic+x3m3zl:xjg; nzd22e)m1qb zz d)je4( th c ing with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from r9ssl fk6v+tmid6c,57i xm tr 5est to a velocity o655ikif9mv ,ms7r td6csxt+ lf 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, xib54 vs88bhwxnf -jx8 he*d3$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated thro buhya1 z98qqosiwa+5qh .- -o 8aln7 7ectvu;ugh 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest ma 9n eau vh+7- oaqw-8q87tyibh o;u.sz1qa5lcss?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. Yop*ay9pucyzi 2 ny1,2fn2rn)r u measure the speed2rpynynufz1c,p yri2n) 9 *a2 of light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to th-ga xv*ku)n m5e Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as g-nmk *)5uv axmeasured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would lightd fb155uo) fqsk bs-e2 travel from the headlights ofs)fso 51qk 2u-dbe5bf the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed ok/22hw og1 tzi gw5j.zf 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile witwj/wig5o 1tzzh k.22gh a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from/;f35/igrjhxhfpxd7 : f7, mpbn8 ysk the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. 5skghfjhy:;8 n imf73/ p,rp7xd/fbx What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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