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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means fxq/*tg6 k7s5 8 hx-upame li-for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant ufm6h-x a t7pk i-s*qlex /58gvelocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measurrh m 4 fk z(wt0ltdul/z+hjt t-41y(y,e

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of t41,jgp ( kbep6ul (ghlheir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer lpdni5 34x7 ji1an1bwyourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principkgsmmd/ mo +:;*jmfr3le.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable ass* ev0 fwvp;5blumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativinbd skc,+x; xw,,4tq) jcaio oj*b,d*ty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postul66h fbcfi0+8j6 2joel x .pcb6ymt ls3ates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames62b0t x6jmji c+ .3f lehcp6 86osbfyl that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postuok.e a cp*2a 56a8sphdlate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of specizge4dvem05:v2k g3 rzal relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship ereby nqf7) kv xddxnd7 -0pl49z d050moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the spe9v dpd zdbex-7n0 y )0nd470efqr5lxk ed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary tgsu*zp 3 5(jittt/y6h:r(z hobserver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is (7xt nxo,- xhg.c4h/abj d-bydefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high v zyd+2j2 s.u57ze:dwomh 5c espeed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin r 5zy.ch2:mwdej5d o7ues + vz2emains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movinjxani f 3p ):-v6:eiiwg object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directi jw850a9 hdl)(g anpfx8 6kpljon parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as m956( ) x8jdlhfjpla80an wp gkeasured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velovqa c co*v+a;usp0wp j. o06m 5,+jrdtcity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, aoc,+c0q r p0wv+ p; vomjua56taj*d .ss measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the spdvo avq: mx2a8u9ve,ik h;7p 9eed of light, the mass of the particle9 qh;xi278, dovke9vpavm: ua

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the spe:zuh w.w.cps 4z l 8t/3ryz0cmed of light, the momentum of the parti8szmhcz:pcwlu r/. 03zyw t4.cle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it i e0 2eq1vcb b+3jp :byp .p::ybok9tipasses, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the movitkq 3bv0 9poypi:py i:+b21b e:b .jecng spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetqjs s (og rg6z*.mb:hs +osx-+qai*:uic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?:o-ox:smgz+a s*+(qr* .iq ghs6b s uj

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relatim 1k;hi3sd ;0xfap 1h4 rbaq.avistic massp1 q 1fk40 x;hbara;hdsa3.mi doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of6;6vjybtjm9 rw* t9e zo;n y)p mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each ow pq8. fr;j-b,effi* traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching thewj ief,ro b;*8-fpf q. Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer rcc9tiu5*s m+x fw*5m,f+vas 's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceshwjl na w7ltbq,:dn)/+gux02e ip increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stiia+yk5 nr; 4doll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading kd;y on45ra i+upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wate ii*)if)b;fi er. With what speed, relative to the shore, doibfi ;ie*f)) ies it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to ran 5yd)bh+qk0kf3 z7s,g63jkignp / the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading strai kqkk r/06y 3 n3fahsg7z5p)i+jdng,bght across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel ij5j.i. n4pe)dzubd)w9 g r2 vxf it is to be observed by a stationary obser rznd egxju)i .b)2d5pvwj94. ver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop joj:z n.f *xvy k*2g7xif a9z:)g1ccojjurney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according toz)x2j xzoigca*1 7: fy.cng:* fj9jvk a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 1iftba ,r9x;)r cgc+b ;(in/yp0 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turnscgbn;9rxiac;r,if )y /+ (pbt around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin br8-w hbd .1d8u/zibwk dother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the ageb .h8db z8 -1kwudi/dw of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of:vzp ff4m ds4- 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of iofwcl2:xh-:q+bi lb 0ts proper length (as observeo+ :ql:lfxihc0bw 2b-d by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels sh+q5g2yt ,pk;px+ pnby you with a speed +h+ytx2n ps5pgk,q;p of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to 38l :u8ei zhl3hucyu:.-hq jdour solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with ah8j-edu3q.3 l:u hiluz:8c h y constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sf9-puvew)x1do q e; /iystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How w-u/)9fp dxoi;e1ve q much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light y c95y iqm:3q7hlkueh7 ears away. A spaceship with a cons3 mc:9qyikuh5l77heqtant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The lh2wx5 2v84d b (cmof hja0p/orest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton qb0 t5v2ddj-fif its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will 9/gv)nv8s2ge5wol(ui m :niminesn8m9 i5o (2ul nvv/i mg:w)gcrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in *lo / fkm6*iywhr6iu) $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemef5f0 a. 9cw2dwk: xkvwnt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lo l)xsxu(kp) . ybw f9mme*jlt(t++ m(bst during a reaction?.psm*f)kwmy 9(m)l +b jt( e xt(+xlbu

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of massi2))mw/0wt fti tm0td at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,0n w+:eao0 tpm, ,qx5:xj8biat 00 people, helping to ex:i x5aet80bp:qo+a,jwnt, m nd World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a p4 oc+ sxy3dh8froton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proton?+do3f 4c8 xsyh

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a prrkxs66fy:+ggiu3w3. l jebct 5 j:j.zoton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in+5xf.g uwj z3:l 36sti. e jjy:ckbrg6 $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releasem,jk z;hfqs3 pb9h8lw/v(6 qbd (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in x3 .8a)ycrsxn which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed 4aae60b te ,pk qfutdi b62w,y7wjr5 ,of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to acc5:m :mabazj -selerate one kilogram of mass from resb:: msam5-jz at to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, qs,5ndsn z:0 u$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increasejmilf e5+-hmj,5ob + )hdf te-djep: 8d with respeje+:ime- )m fjt5f dop+h8je -,l hbd5ct to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You m*(n aujk9jl-b(r .ok,ns myisz/h1 (teasure the speed of light from the Sun t*nma9h(i1 j(zrju ks k-.t y/osb ln,(o be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If rq356q0z; vcfb,fjglsqw t ;e7-3zv kthe ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a persqj03czwb svg,r3k5- efqqlf 67t;zv;on on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would lighplw.9l87; xo ys l m2ab6yelr;t travel from the headlights of the ship r. ls2;alp oy8lmr;x 7e byl96welative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship 9k el:5hv2hij.85 7pshuopqbthen fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from 2uhi9:jop8h7 5kp5evlhs.qb the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with twx v2k*pyemp:t/is 7 +uy .cwd/h;0 dg e(q0ra speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocitweptu7kd002v(/qxy semi/+y;: ht w.r *dp gc y of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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