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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, 2dh5 )s+mzj*pr etg4x.g d4 o(tzzxi:radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do tds4pzhg zj( imdgxex*4r)t +.5:zo2?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experi0ehp por3wb ; xz;kmg7a( l7c3ment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experi.7e x sahde9)yment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followingi6yj*c)c-c qg components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity p b;c.r0klb0fjdh5u m0rinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable ahia: .. 9iuophssumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rela4t3lkpr tee a4wmf82 9:cr;antivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the specialcc.vk4:i20 fig mac:d1v0nq l theory of relativity was that the laws of p. 1 m0knvfa0d ccgc2:iliv4:qhysics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of spe i sj:hr9div83cial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special rph 748ecatr3g1q 2g:61 zpzr- kheoou elativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship mov0wstg1 r27zdq7oy htu73l n4e ivf-1uing away from the Sun at a speed u701u - ignthlywsrzt3de7q v24fo17 close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary.ir .tizn-gu5cdr*(o rm*v1 s observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is denbhgpq1mv cgx5 w i1,*7hp;au)3xv zj .xtb.,fined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed x klyr4* +xj*bto a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twi4x bk yr+x*lj*n is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obje)l p74rbt3m -3cp 0ijmc:x flkct

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a diucnby dj;7a 2bfis43 *rection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, asayb*bc 273 jud;nsi4f measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vmxu q0n )cwo;3elocity that approacc; x qmowu)3n0hes the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appra*k3+ 5qz iu m3ii+tqooaches the speed of light, the mass of the particumii+a oi + 3q5*3ztkqle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mommf ,n5, -fbxau(vsp6gentum of the particlv5-f nbps uf( x6a,,mge

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high s wzmcs;;8fz -tpeed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. Froms-f;zw tm;zc8 this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its r18 pz6/yi owu qu,mfx+elativistic mass dx, wup+6zuqy iof/18m oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the tot hw jo*nj;9x6ef jguv)t4::1rc,qt slal relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?tlch64je9j:sxwf:1vt u j*gq rn;,o )

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle 23w9)p tfnu amof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travelingjsed-xj,*e;ixze(2q s o;4v y at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. Th ;j z-x4sv;ee* xsyeq2ij,o( de science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's fr bhgi5c0 akp/(ame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spa;r -ajr7 +hzdgceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative tsv9 vspl7*7p/ay,yb no the shore, does it move in a river t,7 p*9avlpsb yny 7sv/hat is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still b5z9ow9p1a24;tbt -mr gfh s gwater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?59ttb4f zbmr so p12w;9gg-h a

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s06y,9 spmt4 (galx hbl:q q:sej*/vbz in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?l sgs4qaj*60b/9 ,(evb zmyh ::xtpql

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary 1 ueze+t2ydy1 obszudy 11 ee2yt+erver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstodx q 5x*g8uhl/p journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship iulg5xx8*d h q/s 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea sic +tqdap3 9f yq4o)(2bcab7and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains oq2bacf(7sq )3 +d9ibp4 tycoan Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c .+l-pfacs s(ifor 30 years accorfcl (s .ps-ai+ding to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you2hut95wzag5 omyv 8a5 with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship hav52f6uu i*vr boqi 7;9i nunw r8pohw-g.0)bewe to move to contract to half of its proper length (as ob;i0 h i6w5rfqugru9u2i .7bw)w *nvb8-npe ooserved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship ivsam7bqr3r8c 9,+dnbbm +8prs 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, wb,v7m 893aqpsnbmd 8+rr +bcrhat length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.+ (ydt1k gl2cuzz *e+o30 light years away. A spaceyzt uzg (* dok+lc2e1+ship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centau5vvtw 7 khq7v3ri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapsv 7qh 3k5w7tvve on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha 8ulxe7ef;roi b pv-9+ Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with ;l7v -x pb+8ieo9f urea constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85cxp-1;* anyq9 lfwxd awh :c.)m. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its r ;ae2* m13inzglk9 rsqest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3y lul*42 +vc r0fcehki5 z..plqu 2ik5 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incrci +zrqkvfli*e5hy. l5u c.0u4l 2k2pease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i1q;3 0zof i g3*bghjhb/bsz:qn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemkn fsslohw fgqu3*a138/ t2s3 ent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaclqfbqot(-z((fy:*p xn yj 0-k tionp f:(jxf0ob y(qty*lk( - q-nz?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to twmv vw:pxy;6 q8jtz4 /to kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 1.uy4op: wcak :40,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT expu.c ayk p4:ow:losive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a protorcj-vyn2+h 6k n is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of thrv 6h2j-cn+k ye proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its(.x yb*;xg erc total energy. What is the momentumbx(*xr;g.ecy in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeVa m prq/ 5t3l)p,y1jll) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reai) -.s7)yckcgcb s-vgction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving1w 3uoa++djmxq)2a uocz1nq ; with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requ*zvx8a3bvidkv ay92f( 6b - aeired to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a v28vv* ik 6e (az9 fabavybx-3delocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, (ffo w03:dn fs$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By whah-78fuw)g;cpe +zr xat factor has its mass increased with respect to its restz+eh;r x7gpac uw8-f) mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure t4lj6n( mfijmy1z(z i0umce)7*bs pp )he speed of light fr0iujl 7 m1sfb)e y(6 jmp )z(zn*mpci4om the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are travelinmvff4 5 m/t:sdg through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their app :vd/fm4s 5fmtroach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. Hoed xx9fpy(57t w fast would light travel from (tpy 7x95edxf the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awaytz98d o u6*zeyz:+ms a from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if t:o6s8mz+ dzu*at 9 zyehe missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the w* nd1hlfwn ,/aodv6-c(ww;uEarth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the sw; w/nw a*, 6dod wfc1(-vnuhlpaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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