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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that habluezgq mre gh-+16,4a-e - fzs no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the4+-mlqe6hfr- -ee 1 zbaug ,gz ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was de:(df(skp p mo5signed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experivi ry-(a ;d25 r3qzepbment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following compon9dui la 4*1kycw, c25(mw6zjj wmsjg2ents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativityoe1 v 7kd1dq7*u0ovqp principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtotcz9 bsv05 r(pljno5 7nian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativiy +yg;w lo80 2bql;ib4)8iilj i,aukyty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special thga 4o-u0 kqa./;scmb8d3 usyreory of relativity was that the lawsa;sq-ycums g04d b r3uk/a o.8 of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postula+m mmdxk a 1i(l0+y2e3bzq1kwte of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second pos/hb 0evprd6e 5tulate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while inhzzep94z6dj4 ap*rkm8 pkri (+ k6st6 a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to zd64pmrte(hi 6kprkz s*za8p+jk96 4 the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observ1)y sz6icz8dpxc 5s2zer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is define acf2 lv:+iy.frpatq: .e /+eod as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travel,.ndr;gd1v s w) qt2hging at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Ear,whs). qdvgd g2ntr;1th. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moai baoa)7ovtks3wt, , kudxc2w-;a+(ving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lenlc 5lq,pulo6 1x;g0m ugth with a velocity that approaches the velo,gu01qupxco ;l 5ll6 mcity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction para3o+4gju.q nj oz *i/kyz sj/3illel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of lighio.+ iuz// 4*3ysjzjn go3kqj t. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, thki 47psdmt, .t es*5f,wkd3wq e mass of the particle*kt,w7s.p 3d idf4we sm tk,5q

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches thez .-k ozlyyt8vnm*b.:q o* rt dejn38ur1q. e; speed of light, the momentum of the particq13r.tm.doqyj kz v 8r:n*b8z*o;l-.neu eytle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very hfi+sz(-psm8n.6/ p jt-x2xoxxw osw*igh speed. As it passes, you measure its lengt z6 /.-*+ (m sxswpxpt xo-i8xwjsofn2h at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its3 * do7couuthnk6+ t-x relativistic mass dxo+*kt-d6uhotn3 7c u oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic enerai4/6qzkulhpvb4*. ,w t(nwoscv6 )l gy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dou*4.canzt (4liq o,w6p hls kw v)vu/6bbles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle offre 3m1u ahh2+ .rvir.ptch 5/k46 ryr mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travev 9yrfn5z xc4 xr*ika ;:4-oaaling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure rxyv54zo a ra4icfk9nxa :- *;for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following dependpt zw2g(/u6jss on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observei3u*k*1fx okiwat0.k7- ejvg

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the sy7l3*f0zt*gjkw sck( hore, does it move in (k3l0 tg * 7zswkjyfc*a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spe9qbq+ 9dse3mn ed, relative to the shor 39sqe dm+9qbne, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still waz.+gra4jwtjl1 mt)d, 3b- uj iter. With what speed, relative to the shore,ji4twjdta-ulbrg ,z m3 1j.+) does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is ,rj5( dawa/)/j rlexh5m 7cxyto be observed by a stationary observer as ruj5c/rwjl/e(), xh5y7 r a mdxanning at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hom1ocwrc- ci6) z) c1whurs according to a clock on the s6w-c ri1c)oh 1zcmwc) paceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, arqgpz0c jzw,/7 e initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea up 0zjcp /,zqw7gon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 08v(m;2 t un)typbi(s6 oprv;f .80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upo6usmy;pt vo 8 virt(f;p2) (bnn returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lengia3n3 ln v-dcan8m y99th?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its properehp)/ns 8 y9le length (as observed by a stationary objeh e)n/p 8l9eysct)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spacesrrroxkp k9yyx6.a2/6 hip travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear arr9p626ryyokxxk/ . to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which inwm 6 xt.a90rlwo( z+5v 0gilss 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels tosl g+no 5xw90zil 6t(0.mw avrward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yea0(jp5hiw-j j rrs away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels tjw 0jhrp(5 -jioward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha 3h 2rgqdzcl(z4h a;j5eyg: (mCentauri, which is 4.30 light years lz5r2;3 e4ymhc a(zdj:qggh( away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is7jj :9*rp- ke 6sh omnxpc7l-f $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice pxie8pp/: 2r yits rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goet6)a tjwvm3 - *fks0zks from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will intmkk3vf-*6az w0 )tjscrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in tffqc+h: +1 s/rx czyl678q rx$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lozm ,l(8l6:u m 7ny u1sc5nadkhses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be relejxz wvc4(r:o/at02w;fkv 8u g ased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction2a/;j trv(wxouv k4gf:8z c0w ?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at resstii8 lfqil16kiu)zk)8wn 6 3t is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on (4cxhne v8 t+poonex23ua 9j( Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on ox 9hv((tpac 8432jn +noeux ethe next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speo dcjvt5d (vw8 zfygc8k, /+/ted of yc/vw/kzt8d8f(vj t+5 cod g,the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total en :3paqmd( ehn,ergy. What is the momentum in d3qme,(ahn:p $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (infiv0yb5,nguqof p1slbl,a 4b jj *8)+ MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a re hsmr15hvum*q4(0fke action in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron mcv41 sf3q+3zycaqpxld ip- 4n 4e 7*snoving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelermx azp; 5 k/l;qna-ctnta7 :3mate one kilogram of mass from re5;a;x kznt7t pmq-ncm/a3 la:st to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 89,b /r ww nz93-akw*eqek yae$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its maeg .sq nxt5rpp8k,/m7 ss increased wi8x7q/. 5,ntrp mekpsgth respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You mi 6tbco 0ju1bj8 ;cur np8cnu8e. )vd0easure the speed of light from tt80duo8un;vu0.jn)8 ijcc b epc rb1 6he Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through 3,dlu6:cd g3 svr3djdt5qc .uspace at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed dir t 35dgd:6 , qsrudcludv3c.j3ectly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed o3 gt2,(3ypc 5 w.dcy1lhsgpz 5boqs:tf 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a cy .s ct2g5 5 qpldozh3p 3:tsw(1y,gbstationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0 yxux5zoa(+6,iwg2 jw.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the 2 i y,jwau56o(wgxxz+ missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshtf3 ;jii m05n n0*vydfrw rf.d2t::b qip then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward tq3:2fm0 d : inbf;.it0wry5dfjr nv*the Earth?

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