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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other men k 4iu;:vmjt,ans for you to observe or measure what is outside. You 4kiv:;nj u,t mwish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was 6d7x3cvfpj7hxc l v0/. dmd*adesigned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their expe wgyy09pa0w;x riment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use ther5mtbs0 1 flafatg,b,qafq80t9z. g 9 following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principl vcduxsuxwut j *6, 3ls.3(k.pe.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumpgooky1 (pxtkz4fp 5i*t+v5 j1tions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of speciam 4hpp3 l3 asrm4rx+u:l relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relati) 0ki o6qch8kxvity was that the laws of physics are the sc0x)qo 6k ki8hame in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulatti);wm 2ji, ,;vaazone of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second posu:5 2,;hl m)fntvhbk kfr4k+etulate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving m5m13pks d+r c)1suwfaway from the Sun at a speed close to the spee1)rmumf +5sps1dwkc 3d of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movi;d; (rirp h/vdng clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is deykrxf852, hlyppa2c f/7v 8jxfined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very ht(c2xug5; goft ( v biuf,f,:migh speed to a distant star and b5,2 xm ;fuvgu bf tct:o,igf((ack again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objece( 4 1/j bqb1hd 8was(k-bugxw7 mn1egt

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that p jj29r scg9z//h iny8approaches the velocity of 9j8s/hrzi/n 2jpc9yglight. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to ikvrs)rv.bgi qi(:; - gby)um :ota )8its length with a velocity that approam:vb) g.rri;ib ) ta )q8o(:iu-yg vskches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approachekh-5/k n6acj 7lbyg13 ,rsozws the speed of light, the mass of the particlb/nr1swagzo ,k7j56h- k3y cle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the o-8:bm 81 ws;tfz6a+ifizaly particlez z-mfiobsyt;:8 +8i6fa l 1wa

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measur; 1(eylh1dqmge its length at one-half its normal lg qm d(e;11hylength. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its re o+ -ere8n 8ybuw/uz8alativistic mass doay-oz88u wenb/ eu8r+ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when itfw.uhk)92xkpn , or q)s relativistic mass douu r2qk9p) ) .kfn,xowhbles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle 4 d*ua66gn4xo sgf6 fj u7g,ohof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0yo .; uz(2ua+:eipbel.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officer(;eup2 +zlayboieu : .s on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends om.p30qgxf c 6z a64e.ea1swtsn the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increa oi4 pwzp1y;l*ses, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relati 3+zypt15vt +b:yn1trg- z ialve to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowin :+ay inbt 1 5-1gtzlr3+zvyptg at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spew,4 ; /3o:lw/cxlx d ;ijztomhed, relative to the shore, does it move ih/ :wjox;iodzx/ct l4mw,3l ;n a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relt et7t+. nyt,yative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/,nt tetty+y7. s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary c o9l(5f8)sgyrrj u2 tobserver as running at ons ry5tgcr (8j f)ulo29e-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in1a w 5tt peyv8inajw ,hhrx*.)s/s9s- 10 hours according to a clo,ivss5.-xh yp/t 1) awsh*twea9jnr8 ck on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea andl9(*j4hd; y0 ndu zkm+d wr;:bvt2c gy Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea u dh uz*+y2dljr0c(b4tvkwyd ;gn; 9:m pon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother t sr my-z0p1pl*q;xcp3 akes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning p pl*y cs 0;prmzq-1x3to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.8s, g18ur)5ka2jd ltcs0c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to e:yj*lr2 n an5contract to half of its proper length (as observedln rja:ey52 n* by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. 5q * rr+:) jjz)v9up5u/icrxfn: uno y If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to youjp qu*:zyr5xrij u:u5o vf)+9nr c/)n?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whi. 9.m km.uic.wxx y6zpht-; sech is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speeds yp9zm-ik c.t w.xuh.6. me;x of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaha 86ooq*losh;ch4vdxy ;- v gk ;h+4ruri, which is 4.30 light years away. y 8rlgo x;q;4-;4oc*khhsdo6+hvvh aA spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system isy; 9cyj*: hc0kwcw* vt Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towayw ;* cw: *yk9cchvjt0rd the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. Whh-pq adq; tl1y ;7* l(y)t3r8qxxzb crat is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice 65nro/e6gyzy9bpw3/f b/wsp its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your space:r--b p ts7 wj42ztdmjship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increasjb 72m r:jwsdtp- z4t-e by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumgtb n4g- 2xj igsj2:, a4 wn 1g)3.s)fbqopspa in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an e ju6e7hu 6+ms;c frlv1lement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg0dgkq:c u1p. y of material was lost during a reaction?y0:u qc 1kp.gd

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram j/ t3jvzsho; 7of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, he9h.qzd r+fiib9hzxd (- l6qogw4 w/:llping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 ton6wqz-wh:q9ll(oi dr4 d h.9 /xi+g fzbs of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy oii: n;e7orqfu1e 7 px+f a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the pfq1 xii;7r:+eu p eno7roton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is q fujlg.k9:c.w4q3wt the momentum iql:jw 3cg4 q. ku9.twfn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whxo1mr 5/z sxt;ich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in w42, ac em6u +cqihk9ffhich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an vgo36zv7z3 6d7zpfzj electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilog/+tglbpj 6;w4jctrw-ram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866 cc;w4jpb r-w+ g/lj6tt?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, r/x) pqe-3ti8ts ep, i$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor sdi,l;8fwol: has its mass increased with res w ifl;,l8:dsopect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun a /brqa jjd::7at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the S/qjja7rd :: abun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are tra;d:ayc.o)m lcr6 fy 5gveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is theirlmyg d) fcr5ca; oy.6: approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is trac 3.i:8a- hvlaeft.:5 ccsbkxveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary o-cci : elv .fc3.k ta:bhx85sabserver?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship t8 p 7mq+//fsjqk drcbbqf y04f 1ff.b*hen fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative /rf8 f + 4pfds/b0kc71 qqmbj.fyf*bqto the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship t/pto e54 hgm5khen f 4p5h/ tgk5moeires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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