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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no rw8osews7h, bt .m c,7u5j q,awindows, radios, or other means for you to observe os jhqrwuw5mcb7e. t 7 ,8,sa,or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experimewabf) jjs*-l304t mcxnt was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded fro ff /tm fhhu+4j9ka s:f8:cmm,m the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following compjy: upw2-dyym(,b u7oonents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.2;ycg:lvo wt */0r kgpi bb3g.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian rul l hu65z, g2.k9exduelativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specialah0 xw6 /km(ko relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating thz7(+ srbcmpzwevpy 5 )p f.r ,7x,*fnr,odbr*e special theory of relativity was that the laws ofe)7rpfrmz7 y, c*,b(dpobz *prr+ .5, v fxwsn physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulat8v( g(uhr3 ygi 0mgs1de of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postuq(;9 (h yxlss8d g9utblate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse 7d:jw u(bx4e6+zfbzp rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to b(: xedz4jw b7pf+ uz6the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer,ygbfx;6 q+u, t an9f2j a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is d4 3phgd ol:ejejgsk,e 2t, 81defined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship trav : ctft:anaw 7,ucg4w-eling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twut:a-7 c:c , wftn4wagin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, 0hmup8g z+d6bvk+t7l qf7x l2a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengthrub2 fnv;t5 l, with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a ,2ln;vbr 5t fustationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity th4:8nqc r-jqr nq8sq2 yat approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured -j4y2rcn q 8q:8nr qqsby a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the c si q *qfarfv363z a9e;l1hf68gwqc 0particlegz a3eqf86;3* frq 16 cva9hq0s ifwcl

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appro8b0+vk(5j a q6hjac(x3rim qnaches the speed of light, the momentum of the parvi aqn( jc0j+qx (hbkm683 a5rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As igac*l 3.w*j obt passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's masg*c 3*ljo. awbs must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kineti-mf. )zoo3 etwc energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?)ze tm f3o-o.w

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton 1qy,nga)yy k0 when its relativistic)1ynyk,g0qa y mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass pryz+dil1 r0(;8 n o t olretq8wjb.1/$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceshq(owccn1:+a,. h6drdaa w px(ips, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from noxc.6p(a+:hr 1d (q,w aadc wthe Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of rezia. 5g2ti9 ieference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, y bt6l2majw *i9t00pi eou would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti(n9 g yfsv4 tyf//*vxull water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is floxg / ftsv/9vyyu*( f4nwing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative a*: y:ws vg14j ;*lmbjgavge 9to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing *vbvg* 1eay:smjga :g;94ljw at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sokow-yr,cto 2)+sm t -till water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading s-ywo+c o2)m-ko, tr sttraight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is tun p, d.k1:also be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-hl,k1:us.d na palf its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet andh:e; sz;w f6vb returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has zb6fvs;:;whe elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and /,-fa on(8mg,dqr qqy Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years q,go,qyd(mqfa nr 8-/old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother taket wlky c2)+5wh4sr4r os a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years4tk5+rohswcl42 yw) r according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with j).57fasp cln6unm mq c4i90g a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to hn;b)p9* 9mfcr cs9nnb7 p.rgbalf of its proper length (as observed by afs m)r9cp 9 nb*7r.nn;bg9bpc stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m /+dfs d,-6/ bdg hywqbwhen it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what le/ybf 6dd/- dgs+wqhb,ngth does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whi; 2f;c50ms gxcdr5t 7jq ged,sgj*m;r ch is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant spee,d;td;cgx7s*cf;g rm js5 g52 e0mqjrd of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ligh6s 7ajvfae/(xt years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a cloav a/x7ef(s6jck on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, wv)ngu0r)cozpf8gf -z5d )o9e hich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the starz9fuzr cn 5gpvg)fo0 d8)-e)o. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is hwgc1t ohx3x l9j2eq+or, 7 .uits mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its restp;/k:q.z ujwp kx+,gp mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then y- fxdqjck2t/x 0av d22our mass will increase - /djv2fxa20qtkx dc2 by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in ; a8.vexx9 lcn$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses l;ku3 t m i8cw.bals44$4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was i m 7n,tff.,vu/yrk2 nlost during a reactif nym.f uitvr k,/n2,7on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energyfqm8a06f kmxe1 bqf09 equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropzl7im d aa9g2 44tkd7wped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. H4mkd9z dgt74i72a wa low much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a pro9 e/yw bqrh8+xl1vt+ (mda+jaton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the pro mh(/9a+ q r +ljd+x8evyb1wtaton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of i:e ws9z 0m0qebts total energy. What is the momentumw:smq0 z9 0eeb in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) ko5edg -n2)9h: a,l eee9ve hhr:3s osduring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactionk ,(*xp(i7r 1achgzoja .;vh c in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy+j /h) yj: efx5nzc4bqd:cd6i of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to oh/ sg. 1hlmp8.pa14vbekvs7 accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to 114/pokehba.8 7lsg.p v msvha velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 3xz/jus6zh 7dt :byc/l/g dg/$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is acceleecfy-s2 *on3kod, r9 erated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect-cod* onr9,s fy32eek to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket t3 abjskr vsn /mrc5407raveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to br n/ 53msjv7s4a0crk be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative / *ad (bdhtc*g zsl38-lk,awr to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, wa c g,/h(3k db** trllwz-dsa8hat is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travefbv b-:z7 e9lsvu(0sy l from(7vb :l-b yeszuf90vs the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c.u 0,9bvhd61 )qsms.zs xnoqs: The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative106 qqsdovsu9sh:,xzsb.)n m to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the +jh re d3-v6si)* 5o+v+t+zyg xfoxtp Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What evh+ rj+-6zsoyxp x3t++5 i)og dtfv* is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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