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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other ke*9pgrjy:sl3u2 /jwr rs37imeans for you to observe or measure what is o *rgljr 2s3sr9y7iw/ pe3:ujkutside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experimv zkmk.siko;ajn6:n /. ars++gqx z,/ ent was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from fvp/s27wncsfl/ yj7b(b.x/l the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following comy7 ugv(b f:0luld+m 4utbwypi; ;mo- 0ponents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle6t:kbj v .jql8 .v3gey.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relljf0sbm(runiyj ig,x kp5 i2l;; 5p41ativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativi 8 v)jo,315haf .2c jkiwkacjrty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativit0bl *f d3z/jugy was that the lawf3dz*bu lj/0gs of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special re r23fo(f29+ijqgbqo6,onaq flativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of speciroc),8nh p4lwal relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulsl0+tlpy)/ l ;a- niopke rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the sp lo -+t/0liply;n)a kpeed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary n0s04814v+ aqdx ihy fbgl ld(observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined a t+v 4ads0q. )k6oidals $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a spa eynjcq )8d(l+o8u , j/p,zc,bacsq;qce ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth pr 8c8b,/o qjju ynecq,dc a,p)+(lz;sqedicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mot bbno05z bqnymgm4te/5+7.f 26 hk bpving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paral4.0kkb tkf:allel to its length with a velocity that approaches the:ak0kltkb.f 4 velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direchaur fw +pe61 )eg; f0bvw3y,htion parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length ofp3ya06 +1wrv;be , )uhhfgewf this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches tlfh (tl*wxl307. koophe speed of light, the mass of the particltw.lx*hkpl7(fo 0 3o le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a pa2azig gpn*)p(rticle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the pazg2)*i p n(gparticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a vem kjvgtq6mt b7g8)5ca. c.7fdry high speed. As it passes, you measure its lenk7c8g5.7cj.gmtbvf tq ad )m6 gth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic en)suh z;6rc) z3q fnap6ergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dr6h n)cpu6;fq3sza )zoubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its g+zspcmy: u*zp1w+( lad.a, e relati1s azeam+ud:pw*y gpl+ c,.z(vistic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masyz1tzj59p80kyl d-zag;qs 1 as $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships,jn(u xr- vw65vytn 4c1 .9glzo each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?r1(y u5gltwn n6x - z9jco.4vv

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of rcf:h (ud(5p ;k3lelpfmvr00 jeference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, z 9i0uft38c k)nga+ue you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to rw6k; ou ca lhjck:d8**s4i2ithe shore, does it move in a river that sukw*;jo2 ra*4i8chid: cl 6k is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in +4gy ovn8gn8/gm( (rim3 hq v2xlu+ fdstill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in gn/xdulq+n 8grgvoi82 f 4m ((v+hmy3a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s eu wip*+ mrx i,-xmt8+in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in +,* i-upmr xmexw +8ita river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary l ae:o1habju/l2kxwzu882pk8v81 q n observer as running xzvno2k 8a u l/8baw 8u1ek8p1h:qj2lat one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plaic9o ihrj8m1- net and returns in 10 hours according to ci 1mj ro9-ih8a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtne/ u1bc2e 8oxazy, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels awaae1b2co zx /u8y from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brothim++ b :h/unz d;*tpyder takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according it u:+b*d p/my+h; zndto a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of yfby3/ir a*6 4cif dp60.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to0cxe1u n4 e j.ik+4lve contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary obu40exc +e vl i4ejk1.nject)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshv5+g6 j )ju/ xxouih9 ff1;sxbd*d*ol ip travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length doeux1l x)vifguxd5 *doh+s 9j /b*jf;o6s it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4 jxt(- ie1)8ursj)u+2swhy ai .30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative )8+i2y-1j i js s(uxtare)uhwto the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our u9q2n 9,w pzw - vrtv:p*2gzbhsolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board tw rh2 *vgt2pq,z :-nvwp 99zbuhe spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yearpe: y7bzo0ikz d8c6 5hs2anv6 s away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth trav 8 z2kh6 da0 ybep7n6vos5czi:els toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (Tq)d:yfd4(4rgwq com7 he rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice itsepa ( (ls7f;4,odm ;:ipzbbh i rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will1 ap.o2rhfau;h4f z ls4b,5wz increw;fzz24sapur1lof,5 . 4hbhaase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i.b4* yj;v c4bhllw cqf6rqx h7f:9-p in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses ;/4mfyc: d zzi$4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material we ++hnzc 4l3tf8pb,hwas lost during a reactih8cth+ wz4e +b,npfl3on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass atl ;xg/ j r.vvq9enzlu*))yge7 rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki infxs+yh vyqi3x/q. x)7*szp d *qcbs0: 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (10 qxf0b.*7h3q d/ cxx*zp sysq)si: +vy00 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total envk*:crsc;r ,nergy. What is the speed of th, :kc n*r;crsve proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of z s8cnn sh1 :oaiva6 8v*y3z n36pyag-its total energy. What is the momentum ing3*vs c8a:86s z vp- yhoan yzn3a1i6n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during0. s.h sp*x-mif -xhi,jzqzb+ a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reac s+lv oju/jds,e,el1)tion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron h (mqag0ow/ sg j+,/eqmoving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy ar8d itp:kz1u3jbomr3yyp 00 3i;ol za 2e required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a veloc8 1003 y impr;jozl doy:3zkui3btap2ity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, nlh ofi6 jkls* j4a26+$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By wg 8l97t2bo,)kch stl lhat factor has its mass increased k 9)o7 cglslh 2l,tbt8with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Su*d8it gcnt8ed ;w/h2fn at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to bcd8tw/;n2ie ftdh8 *g e

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 -., 7 xkqqrt4ulyt*im he3bto5hky2 7lw1+j sc relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either cr1hk3qkuty 57m2e tls qt4-*jhwio.yb ,rl7x+ aft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. qk 5j.: f;:annjh19xu yayla5n-st 2h How fast would light travel from thafxau ljh-yk5. n9a:: 51 j2tn h;qsnye headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eal qo/z9x5f zr5be079l 2qo njtrth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires x/fn57t0qezzbj2r l9o q9 5lo a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80ev,tev (4x 3fkc. The spaceship then fires ae3xev(v4 ,k tf missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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