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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spacehc :l)v-,k.8x cw m)5+udx cd.euofdhship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you d)):m.x dc8o.d+x5-h l,d v fwuhkucec o?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to k 6,cyzx6n9z3/hr i1 nla6ny(r-wqxr measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley conclig ib(0cz n+g rh8:ey*i/jv/ buded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following components:bb)yny ed.g+mz, il, .tg jz07:mu x,p

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pri il5zf.3*qz9v7 ec nvunciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilead/hsln+.l 1:j xa+u ss2t hek2n-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativitp(jwi 3 7b-uury

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory ofvw*q:6h3va.eks 5iqbhabzh c e.0a52 relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frah.ehka6w2:s0i .5 q 3bzeach5bavq v*mes that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special r.u,i4 6snna uvelativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relatv4sqbr*ml09nst 3+0ka92dz n 2lcxdwivity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measurey1bk4 l3,vwmhmc6h2)ft xdo w. c,e);c o3qsx your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at amo 3 x3xwcv;.4k,,w s1)oflehcmtcyq) 62dbh speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationaryw/tee8-xgw4av ,) ts adrn1 ,o observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defindbjjm s2fe;u(x953 zu9kg5 jn1 x(hvk ed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in (1b q* fderwj2a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the ofje*r2d q w(1bther twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a me2u/ xi *4vujit4s3ejoving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a cwep)wiytm/8;fx 9g 1direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the veloci8mfe i19pxwg; wcy/)tty of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that ap7tplp0ee0wc9oq4wm 7proaches the velocity of light. The length e09c0 me7o qptwl 4wp7of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the )cn6 4 2tgd0f6 dg-k1ci bwbbbmass of the particlecbb)4d6kbgd gf6 ct-0 21ibwn

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a parmp;/,puf48v 7 4iro.crsx nhm ticle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particle4rn 7p up84 i.morx,mf/hcv;s

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its q4kj( 8t,t0bhkie+zs2a-*w yzk s br/ length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, a- b8j+4 rwt z,stq2kksi/bhy(z0* ekyou conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when i.q 83pdq3/uqsfbsylb di g,25ts relativistic mass doubsuyb 2f/qiddq.38 p lbs,3g 5qles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic ebgrddjuqo/1 1n-x-az8- ilx*nergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mirdbxo a8u1dz- /-x j* l-nq1gass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of dw u)4.xh:pzxg7imh; mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Shipy1jh 4;+ a spal8;gdzdtd6a:c A is moving directly atsdjy:4;la dhz 8 ;c+ap6da1gway from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the ob+il.hc rd;rw:,t gn5qew* 9abserver's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observ0c)b8wtz0e 2gumq83 tcmhwu6 e

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thhc3ak4uqnudt 9a 0 r08efl )k9e shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1u)3a 80rhcn0 e aku9qtk9fd 4l.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/sh*o inz2 -mw+s,de3 gx in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 mzxm3h2d*wni e+,o- gs/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 hrrjv li61)1am/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a rive jrilv 1h)a1r6r that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observedtyv2 mr(f a6/scvj;8s by a stationary observer as 8t f6/asj; vycv2(rsmrunning at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journcp+vv*t*gz/ h3s ymo,ey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceshizv g+cy* ,/h*o3mvs ptp. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. yb0wshij r i wk202 ooi9,3lbmjz:(w, While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea retuiw2j ij 9h03iomw:ow( rb0,2kbs,zyl rns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spac;f 9b9*6zf*nh wrb1f u6sitvye trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his bb1 *u 6f*9infvywts;69rz hf own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is movingdbvhs;x0 ks 9e2-0wcneg) ak-. (jnr e toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket shi h ud7-z*kiin4p have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary idki 4u7 nzh-*object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10/-vlk2r6hd eum;cbirk e6:jr . 40fym m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear t4y2ir j e h:;dbkvrc6e/6-rm0mk fl. uo you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centa* h5izm8 ebf7su(8 agguri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the shg 8*5 (beaszfu i8gmh7ip?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centq1 p0xheptsc8h. 2xpk ( kd/f/auri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c r hd8xkx (qh0p/k/fp.1c s 2tepelative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, wk9qko+cx9l u:xjti 8ffv1/uob,d 6 h(hich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a con9u 6 :k kl1, dfq8chxfvbiojxotu+(9/stant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest massub ;9xwl9 1wut is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice itsx+p s+en,5 ezx rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6g5+- dy xsqf. -uzw,kc c, then your mass will -ys5k-,c+fx. wdzug qincrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum its1njizkk 5m 7ak gyvdf9 l4y7g; +0;zi w(we)n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loseaa34+fc fb3a js $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would bej5l- a6l qk,sq released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactiojl6 saq -qk5l,n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy r/ ,po,c -a2tmjsm6yw t-4l gvequivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 w*9l7ys :g1yt rdnr6d people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNyylr7:dr 9t* sd1wng 6T explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed o)k,wmi 7*v dnsf t mvknis*7dw), he proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momen1)brq x9c:.rx3klf eo tum inb:rfx91 x). q3 olerkc $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactio)lujhzieik n6 -vq6:9 n in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a rea apc,c1kq s9tb28w8qzction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of a4d 4r zxb:tdk2es :9bcn electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to qgt lucpk(9:* accelerate one kilogram of mass from re*t pgul( qk9:cst to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 3 r je.qn;j u b-0ayd,8eojxl;$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what fackcg3 g6 idj)9,ll:xp r(d:whstor has its mass increased withdw:rc : s3gk ilh)gx,ljp69d ( respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You mea4gji/7 +jh3ke sf:nfc:hg2ja sure the speed of light from the Su:jijnkcg :hf2ase 3hj g/ f4+7n to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If lvpo;k8 sb)q fu0d.s *;fo+ynthe ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either;qosf*.;dln+b ) 8vkusfo y p0 craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with s 8p1kyplmt e3rg3q-1 a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a 13 r lq 1p8ptyg-esk3mstationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth wi.-j yl / *wt6tq7s/jc(tsznuyth a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away fr*s(syytjjzutl 7t 6 .cn- /qw/om the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spqo w9mw3+boo,aceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the 3,qwom+w9ob o missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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