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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spacesh*9m trc,sty qtfwqda/)+(x6 o ip that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant9ftr qcq,+ s y/o*)6wd xtmat( velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment h lq cjsu()hwsn5tzm t/ :hy5,9p.g2twas designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the rbgo4c gve()/ ;sjjx 1results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use thepm+j0z;bfkl4yz 2v a / following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlelro/jc ( o()cz.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Gaupiby71j : id2m 5(jsiy4gc8rlilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specialbo ,,(ffq2g6hr9h hwk relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special t vdcs,sf 1yg:5heory of relativity was that the laws of phys gy:cfs ,d51vsics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special 48bj1cijgg4h relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relapx2i+ na cvl82- lqb0jtivity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse:dkmvnq 1h *-+l3ob/5 mdsqi r1/mk gx rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed clikl13x - k*bds:g o/mn+q h vmm5qdr/1ose to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationah8,az rt65 ;rqf (hbkbry observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as23mmom*xs zmmihav 3 hg(*gw(:k ;h1k $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space x n8 8mdhklyjo(2u5nmw5.7w iship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remainsojh 2kn5lm85(7 d wyx.miw8u n on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecbu/g ,4 o0hx-sxbhy6o t

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approuoncnp p7,8a(.o: lie.n 5wr haches the velocity o8ipnu.ho,w7ne:lo 5p cr .(n af light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocso(at,csv.z9 ity that approaches the velocity of light. The cst 9o (szav,.length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, t718 p-fuu *o *u+mhjoj9vetrohe mass of the particl *8jv o uuho71t +-e9pujmr*ofe

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approache:;kh *vs+yfr bs the speed of light, the momentum of the partrk;s v+f*:byh icle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. A4z2 ; y/8g dfaxzg mdbp9-dk2gs it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass mus g2kzbmx4 fdp 89zg-a2y /g;ddt be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic massmeh-sq;k m.t:p:vc; u doub hm tc;uv-p:.: e;mqksles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton wheo2d o+tdm6m(yjya wwpd1m 28-n its relativistic mass doubldyom d216y a+wmjdo8 (2p-wtm es?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ofe7o.yaes8 6zqwo /s6l mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straif6s6 (hb *v*jur 2rlwight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measfbvj* (* r6iu rh26swlure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followicp0ojg zmi9y:q* c,o 7w ,3fpang depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your )cl- eoossf ajvv7p4j3za.6( spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed,/tj 2 pxvn4y7o relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flot 7jn/2ovp4x ywing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/mo); -a*nl+:pqij xuh s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river thal;ihjq) n - +xpu:m*oat is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the d2oo gg7l a.qb:td(7w shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat iqdl 7bg7aog:to2d (.w s heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed b.fnvn(d*dr ai(1i 5znvt*lmtzsx) ; 4y a stationary observer as running at on*;* iiz(nvz vdl1)mtn(tn 4ra5dsfx.e-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet antm98lktds8,/ v.85us y hxwcvd returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time hv5.sdst 89, c8kh yxl8umv /wtas elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 1q /.t2svnvb(x , thxiyears old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 yeasv/q.(ixnxv h tb21t,rs old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed q21li1j8 tgxxof 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin x1 gxti 1jlq82brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its leny rko77y8m3ei. lr(q pgth?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its uo4rzsy1p 0 ;vcrc d1-proper length (as observerz u1 cp-c y10rovd;s4d by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the iisr*0m78 begspaceship travels by you witbes mr0ii8g 7*h a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar systei1ekzzp(v q25 :isy1hm is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constantp5(kq2izv h 1e:y 1szi speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our cxcp(x qs;5o9 v7e zlm530zmysolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yearsxmc zm95ye(l 5ov73xsq0 cz ;p away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yq h.skwi-rfbl9h)u ( ;jmrq67 ears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towar 9-fil;(h mqwrsujh.7qk r6)bd the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling : (p/gbh2f xriwnx+ejm-+ at) at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its afq3et )q:m4lmass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goc;i9lh+bbx. 6jx ua ,fes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase b6ilxu9aj;.h ,fc+bxby

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum g / .ye4sd j+zw95ostain $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element d /rwji+6297bz uogkjns24 i)yfbw f6loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be releasezoq, qk61 iz0gd if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactionqz iq ko0zg6,1?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram ofv05w g c,9yp-c(kyn wl mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 pcv87tqae88j a* i5rk oeople, helping to end World War II on the next day. It releasedka 7iotae88 vr c*58jq energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% o 1yljxlq+-9x kf its total energy. What is the speed ofx qjl19k-+lx y the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of it smg( dqmtv :w9(4 pr1uf3bk;ls total energy. What is the momentum in 4u1 9f mt vgq:w3bks mp;((rdl$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeVom8+oshlh 83 aqg +i9c) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duel:i57(p w 9 pkk9zbhuring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a 1 0to7ujin(iwmakl y/12jka6 speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requiredf)3yj-m4 lwaq to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a veloc3yl q fa4jw)m-ity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, gb6*-nlc1 zhg$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor ) c,*xsnucqj2+tb :fo has its mass increased with respsoqc2u*:ntfjbx+ )c, ect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure9i6ohl01fed x the speed of light from the Sun to6lh i0fo9dx 1e be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.602 )n9 shfhc4xs0chhy5 c relative to the Earth. If the ships areh0xs9 hs5hfc nc42y)h headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80 0rd lln3afeq/xv1bx0+wp/9r c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship/f1 0d9 3bl rnev/laqrpw0+x x relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The s/ 7f-non)n apupaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Enpnau/7 )-ofnarth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with8 sb cgz-(uq(g3q vm)e a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the s gev) q8 bc(zg(q3m-umissile is fired toward the Earth?

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