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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that hm2qdtbe3w n5(6ba e,vas no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at cbdn,23 6bae5vmeq(w tonstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morleyjbvz.ve0dd.q qr(s)za0 wmp *; ilwk4jz :8t 8 experiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resultryckortb;f p;zu m(7gs7y 10)s of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the folo1lp akaf (c4 y:.x,i+x-rgqvlowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principl- s+:gkvq ctm-tw6:x9zq, nkne.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newd,/9vt sl 0mcxtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special ysmd(o )1, wt2/aagb qrelativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special trd 9z18u.q4iw6htn stheory of relativity was that th4 dwuzi8ts19h6n tqr.e laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special ru (1+lgkliq9o,8ii ygivp 98zelativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulalx+eg 88irw /qte of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rj mn 4h.bmx/63z oj.h x4uqdq6ate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would 6x/q4nh dxj zm4 6hjub .3m.oqfind that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statiozpmc;7m y)i0r r.y: uknary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defmv3 2ulxjf /p4ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling aievka8p r3r9u( sx2 sgz ).y.it a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the 3)yevrs( ir azi9. xuk2spg8. astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obserig-mk8 ty 9n9x8tj4*vqfr6 pvver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel ccl6b ,b68oze to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of ,66cc lbo8bzethis object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pa( f3a(1 naslv 7l6y1mirpg* duh :z2awrallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of th23g1r 6an*uaav s w((y1ll:md7f pzi his object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches themfj vica91znxy2b 0jtwe49oqe9 9+ p* speed of light, the mass of the partic cv2fb919tjqo0+y49njpemwe x9z *i a le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momenbs 0sr4gdx-x;w1c io3m+n / cds pn0:ntum of the partwd cbnmg1 +-xn0 c;n 4so/xis:r3d0spicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by y2q:jwrkoqh:4 vg -4 j: mc0wyo.lzi(fou at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spe2rmkj : ho( y-0i4f:4.v lwq w:zqcgjoar's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy ofo) j1tz ;cd, e6uq(rt,qnbxd1 a speedy proton when its relativistic mass j(qoznq )du c;rtxt,eb,1 d1 6doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic. hi )n k)u2( ,hjpwk9nq41 hq9zpjyre energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass du ,n)nrk z149p q2wqip9y( h)hjhjk. eoubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mas sgbr8dize pcau,o4.3z5h1h3 ukk*v +s $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Shik bx c y6j0+ ryhs6d8be4e--oo*ejh/fp A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science ob eo*8f6he yx0/4s dj6-rkjye- +hb ocfficers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame4j9f h(trpr8s )l)mg c of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaces z 3soerdz5z n5 ,rzrqbw0j1g29r;f1zhip increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. y5tiuqgch 6y/gf )x v-r. oe58a6hm4i With what speed, relative to the shoree)ra6o5guiy g.vm f ht-5h8c6/yx q 4i, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wby919pj ;ld 0u+jh z/m1wfwiwith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat p1f zw dyj01il9wwh/9m ub+j;is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative tobrzqpl h:8nlc()sw;m3 . fg2i the shore, does it move in a river that isl:.pb3mwcs 2hqn ;(8r f)li gz flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationaun ykk:x9z g9oqs+uxpe120 n 4ry observer as running at one-half its nouq yo 2zxsk99x nu1 04ekgn:+prmal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plan7 gz9n(elfso;et and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has el l;z9ngfos7( eapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea an-(t;j0ij: /9due jbnt ;ffyqek )ha; zd Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. tazt0yq j(;) b9ij: e hfk-ud nf;/;je How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin *f6,kn7z oz +tk.bj.. azyebobrother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the ob. y.zjat *7bn6.k kz,+zeofEarth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lengt e*gc8 9kfz/j9wrn4c:i jrn9e h?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contracp go7b kor;i.lw d;a f-mjrxe: 3-7zo*t to half of its proper length (as observed b;eolba mr- gzj-7 .ko37wd; fo p*i:xry a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spipbj/0j 0r t* 5xng5rzaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?nx * j50p brt5g/jr0iz

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solavj,hud v)c 3)(0xk 5eoeyepu1r system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship3(e,5ovjp y0 he) duekc u)1xv travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which7sa sbbylm0th*6n( x. is 4.30 light year slb6.7*bxm0nah(yt ss away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Ce*,j4nyos: adw;(*9tc;eku p kje:fwr m-w wb2ntauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time k a,jnsdwocw9;f-tp u :m*e br(kw jw;:2e4*ywould elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its massp*s+ f 0h)nm -a*loddzk7bsk0? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if itsd*ev.,gwdtg ;rqq*zn w+3 yy5wmqx 0 8 mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship g25rr 0m3 ydnuboes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increaseyrnru302 md b5 by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum l*bk9 8ca0 nuk9 4qzkdin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, anhdes4 +m5exjrhyz1 28 element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0/zxt)diaquwkf5 5g3: kg of material was lost during a reaction?f/ zu:5iq5da xt3) wkg

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent q- r:s5 (sysnxw ;c+dn6jzo 3lto two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki i f g hy4a61agytl/8qt/6gey*jn60xc vn 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It r 6aayenh4/j8t6v6ygql0/g c y 1*gxtf eleased energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total d ey;h o(4,yvpenergy. What is the speed of thevd;(y y4hp ,eo proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. W td+w k )9camcb*r9.xuhat is the momentum in tr9bk*w a.c u9)dcm+x $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) du3jnhum)/h 9(f4lqym1r )ot+z6d bpwnring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost dwko h weho7ffr8;12; huring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of wlc/qd.n02uks22 z tg an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from ,tlzytn8 4ra2vg25z 4lre td9 resdtarrz44ge8 5nt 9l 2v,y2ltzt to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 00-lj,cjs7 kg *hwnc,lrwl5o $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor+m,2zy firg o;.kz (vhk(rep, has its mass increased with , hr+ v(k2rpzo.yem fz ,gi(k;respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from o15up1lc g; deh)0wl.n:z go1-wop yathe Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun t np;)0w dg11lpy l-zc owoao:ueh.1g5o be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relat 0; f b ik;k1(88rjiz:cjv(qbghakrm)ive to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is theihzj i(kbr0j8;) :; (ckgbmraifkqv8 1r approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fai41c;:rhg db sst would light travel from the headlights of the b; dg4cish1 r:ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spe cvdfm:v0:ois*pbq9vu u 4/0 ued of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fir90 i u*:vvqpou c4u ds0mb/v:fed away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80cgp yx(-de-ox(. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.-p( - (ygexxod50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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