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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, o s:pdvp9 et7adgd/ 3v)r other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the shipt9sg vdp/)edv3 7:adp is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley +sjfq: .yoij5dbf e), experiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results offtgeyo6mc pkl 0 7c+ao8-j8 q3 their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yo7 y2+ds q4lvnpd8zf8rurself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlow(ty oe;aad ;6-c3*gliz)z s,a-cb u e.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relatu yy817(q em4n l2)g +ioir0zup 9pkpaivity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special86 nv3qd 0fe xa4,lvf k)m czcv63ss9u relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativqw,tzpuce //v(wae ::/ pzs6wity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference fra /w: :/ua /( wpecptzq6s,ewvzmes that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relaynq-m nox :7g; 3;pcttin5y-x tivity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postupt:pc5 ws s6lh6xedmw.4k29 wlate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving awa3l6 ;jlst2a4+p,w ;cmwpfgdxt 7 i tm)y from the Sun at2gp;+w afd,xl4)6m7c;3lttjsp witm a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary gqa++q vcmu0 z/wxeuvf(-j4qza z-4. observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as:.- o nqdfttm5 $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very hi;oxww 2uq4x,dq9d: e* a8hvym gh speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that m dy;8qwax,oe2 xq9 4vdu:h w*remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationar1 z;( iqw-5m;uv oanugy observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengtopawgfp fnxdtc )(;6w ; )i5ol0)hni6 h with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationarywhinx)6pg)to)l0 6a p wn;o(i 5 fcfd; observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directi3i) q-afl(,h ,ntwl wxvr:(3nuv l ia2on parallel to its length with a velocity that approachr (,uavi na2:iv)w q,hnl- l x33tlw(fes the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a parp;ke *(0(/-u(7quksn ap 4pho3cckhqdp9 wcu ticle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particl a u (( hkp(h0npeu473pqwkuc-s;qo/c9 pdck*e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the s*lg8 ehk9 n :gfeu)5a:j,ue5 ot pnfq:peed of light, the momentum of the pa) nf:5uuqhef *p:gk jo8n e5latg9 e:,rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measuhq:b)+cl/se vsdi)nm yb35m(mq;u v 0re its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must bv )m/b m ;:c0qqil (ss+uymed v5h3)bne

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic 0l5jo9+a siyv -fnizc ii+hauc , zy8,/(c/pb mass doubles? yci-s+izioz a,8ul/c5iybnjch9/ +(p fa0,v

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton whe.nj 2 c/kxeu28tvlt jd v/6:xtn its relativ.tn86 /lju: 2vjc2x ext/dvkt istic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle oc dz eh*p443vlf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travelf;pksjl 8) bn+ck,oeuk4 psr1);n7c ging at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching gr)4ncb+jf l,k);ocpk u ks;nes1 7p8the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer'vbx,84z c hq+ms frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observe)nk iz9 m2jyyq(3/fs u

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in s 77,ynt1m)u /)wkifzmek)ouotill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it mo7)yf/1,n it)ewuzo m m7kuko)ve in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/bv;4wamqc 2pd 8:c8his in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a rii w2h cq;8mda:vpc8b4ver that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in +0i:y+p uikp sstill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowp0k+:y p +uiising at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movi8b0ps+tr7*lu xzu rr+: zbbu.ng clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half itszrlbr 0ur7uxb.:+ ts buz8*+p normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonvhdz l+enkg.x; 23n .xha3*wvstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speede 2nv.a*lhvxh n3x. kz+d3;gw of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtneydf66fhr1h3s *bolx06b8t i gb remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space h1b* x s8b3 b6tl6dgir ff06ohship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip withe3gv5g7 )emlhlk1 9uy a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. uge51hlyg)e 7k3m9 lv Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What:kyujje5g,i w ; nlz70 is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move kb7mqfg9.k:s3gxac ;to contract to half of its proper length (as observed b7qbc .9xgask:km; 3 gfy a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it istmopc4; p drz+a8-4semuq+l f 6s48w m at rest. If the spaceship travels by you t8med8;qu +4pmmosp wrf 4- l+a6z 4scwith a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar s/sh* +q4tghs)*tq(ng3 kcfp zystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does thch fh+(s3pg4qt/) s *qntk zg*e space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 li)++oi yy rrvedv-0tzl+/gf*f : kh xh0ght years ad r*0/i+o +kfygt :0z +f)-xyvhrhl evway. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, ws;s cs+zql 1 xy0ksrj5.f;a,which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star.yqz+kajs;;c, s1 0f 5lssr wx. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.mnxk.:+5jh(p8t u bun85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mc q+l8n;qudz) ass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of yllm) z,kv*r;- jmte(your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increas yl;*rz,etm(mjl-) vke by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in u woik(8:h t:j$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element l taj:,n xu.x:nqcj-4d oses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of v yfr g,.;*nwjmaterial was lost during a reaction?vg ;nj yr,f*.w

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent q4yq *x5j omqosr1 f./to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 kille24n+9deob9y -6v/ mqwwpgwx md 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 t- xpgqm2+yvom/w d 64ewb9n9wons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% 2 mp wupu dp0s-**xgy1of its total energy. What is the speed of the p -*2*xp0ugm1usy dppwroton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% ouy mc-vjhk )496lmia: f its total energy. What is the momentum 4 a-:ijuckm9v) hylm6in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a ree6am 7o 9m(sjoaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which/gkjj) o39 xk/dnkj8 l $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speew8-soub;r yvrx f,)5zd of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of ene rxha,ojcik qs * 0hcg4:;5;fkrgy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velociih c hkr:;,c50gaj;4ok* fqx sty of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, - ymtn;g1 xpu7hj7549dgtil i$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated thzr)c -bc )wh+wce o.z 0,c9itnl kw,7mrough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased wc- cwit +,)9)k,ecwmn. 7rclz0hwbozith respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the spe:t1s,jqt + mt;ffx+4f:qfgsmed of light from thmffg :x sfj1q+,q+ s4t:t;fm te Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through sp8)p(ph4 v ljelace at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a persol)lp(p4 h 8jven on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c.,l1/h uw/ zcrr How fast would light travel from thrcl/1 ,u zw/hre headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship +ct7* b6bw2ei* kml:mx+ iq; yh6; hzpxlq,tsthen fiptc+hz xyqibs q ;27lm+l*x: ; 6w6ie,mkhtb*res a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the ;op,4-jl)0 syc gh rupr2v*zkjag); uc07kryEarth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on v00s2ja*ck ,h;7ylo )z prr rjk;gcyup) g4u- the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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