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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radir5m st (b;m,6oj9q4z/aqpr paos, or other means for you to observe oaqtzj b/pm p, 9rmas5;(6 4qror measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley expewlbu s)h4 g+g7kfi(/3tlc*ao riment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resu+ft j5:*qr0qx7 jeodnfv;a 8alts of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following compon*i5nsx oq9y6w ,cc6/klsfmy qnh.n *3 ents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prien6(f,zj: goa/m4c krnciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galili:knj*8) qzebvcd *z4y7zaq- .g /basean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specian+ul;n-b oyxudx u)41ywn )amu;h8b :l relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theor,6a0+/l:a4okg ll a+eegi locvz:rq 6(rq *yty of relativity was that t* 46aevrolggyolr, t/e k aq6+::i0l+acl(qz he laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativha5)lebu1i a2lnn-wq m y29*tity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of sp;yd-uh+ c bsp:ecial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spk d4eorub7 2gl4hi+ l:aceship moving away from the Sun at a speed closeb+:2u 47rk4 og edlilh to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary:8j lm) (pa y9wc2*qc6i xkh wd)tc.tm observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definedyh +:w7/; kvnfwbtl h1qf, br3 as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling atg(y3yai azbu49*bub , a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the b az 4(ay,u3ubgyb*9i other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving -2 y)b5pgkt hck .w6cpobject

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel toc1zqv3i+ il g. its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this obl+.1qgzv ci i3ject, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengt :r4qw q2 fk0nkw22vckh with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The lennr2kq q2w40 k cw:f2vkgth of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the )ym- d;(dou pxft4oenacc3 6(speed of light, the mass of the particluma(d6x-4 ot;n3 e d)(p fycoce

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momen1t .a i,za 86zwuql(phtum of the particlaqz.18lz( ,a 6wuphti e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speebcdw-39 gkxzd 3luw, ;d. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measuremecd l-93 b; uwdwg3kzx,nt, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy prosica, 6mq h(q)j0j wf:ton when its relativistic mass douiqajs 6,c mjh:f (w0q)bles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the 7oge5izopg1pkv: dvm:;)4oy t34oni total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativiz4vvii)o d7 nepp4g51yk: ;3o mto:gostic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ofv, 8rocsgb0e4y/ d;uu mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in arkt :3dkl l.ih 7al v550+;m1krmf eba straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship me73+kamrlfh lmtd5ba;. v05lkrkei1:asure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the n +t vpa,n )rsq/b50fzobserver's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship ;(/u y;riv dyuincreases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water.d*) . h9oauzxs With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is head h*xd9)zos.u aing upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 ma /q*2 kwek(j(c; u;3tf8tuco( mfkpc /s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstue(jt w;(k*c/c 3moc2k f kqfp;t8au(ream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s (w,zvgmr i1t5x1o 2oc in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is f(mogw1cx1v52 ,rozit lowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observelyd je8t18a:k 1*3engw0miw md by a stationary obs yem1wl8j0nk mt1a3igd8*e :w erver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop vj. i,nrwe 6w,7ef r+knq8al7i p) ;pi1 ,mpdjjourney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the spea;w,fn)nq pr edk,, v1l iewrjj.im787 pi+p 6ed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years;nopzzw 0n x xyh)j/:daw22o1 old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea r)2 0;p d no:a2wzzoynx xjw1/hides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twindo 6b c(q*0) x+uw.r, upsldpd brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 year uwd lqrouspc)b+(6* dd,.0p xs according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving v q/2qv*o)6 ocpx r 1ukglrc35toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to fz 7+ gcu;sudr6do)(scontract to half of its proper length (as obs (;ucdz+6 ous )fr7gdserved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshipr0,i s1np) e ztq57v1-+ssigez dd9qp travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear t+)e01 q 7,qn-9i1tdp r 5pe svsgdszzio you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which +t 4vgc h5,l*0askvjp is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a pasaltk4s+hvv5gj, p*c 0senger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sys8k*4+qdluqs i tem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would el+8ldq4*uk qsiapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cene*ola qfsb94l qv6zv0+3 . y kk;x+ynatauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. Hq6yo4+alsa +;9e3xkv knqblvf. z0*y ow much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is 5xmf0bzqgm .+j32iyz its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its g 6a;yslz2w s8f)ptzn z8,2vz rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass1u)7 f,rkml*b(7 18kcyetimoz*su0tp tu x 6v will increase s tilmxuypk8r*c7mvtkbof16u0etzu * )1( ,7 by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum -n (zzkjcy 7+nin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an eledxugj :i sh7824mkm0 oment loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released 5 wtfs /kx57- kymgqn4d;eq 4mif 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactions-q7d54y5;4mqk m/ tkfxgen w?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram fu+d g:lxwv.iikmngsm)jn+,9 20 .dz of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped kphbrld1o x2*fv*nva0g8sl9 c3 (n u/on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to ener (*x3 nvsakbllvd9nuof20c1 hp*8 g/rgy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy.7ruj ei cqajyek(n) 1e.zt/(e:(h4ur What is the speed of the proton/ haq k(er)erj74ce(y t(zij unu :.1e?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of+7, hsl8k.wnqyx3ci h its total energy. What is the momentum in wl .3h 7y8qihn,kc+ sx$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) hty h 932sg)l0c w;crpduring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction7,zg883 l:nqbu6e cz2g0 xz0 zu wztlj in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.4z m5bdh:hmpup-4-xj 95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of :oa /m -zg*;fuu swkzb wo:8z0mass from rest to a veloci;-gm*:fwubko/0:z zz a oswu8 ty of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, baz9tl0x tgcrx)1o: , $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what,rog2.am0tsl. sm+ n w factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest0lrt,ow.m gssn2a m.+ mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling x04zed z6 o -th p-k32fq(i1s/hoiwteaway from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light fromie h 3o0 -i6(wz tdsqo4k htefzx/2-1p the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relativrhc7 h4tm 9/mce to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on ei r97mmc4c/thh ther craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed ofe3 cv nuz e1ermlj3*3wzj2,-f 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the shipe*j3-v 3l ,u1jzerfze 3n2w mc relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. t g iu5yfn7.2h The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50cni2fh y t7.g5u relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spac*8zfhl7jwop1 z n .cn8eship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the1lfj*.onz pz hc88wn7 Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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