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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spac e zjiz)/s g7o7rmr94qeship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determin gz ijmesqr4z)7 r/79oe if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment w)c. z,o pe7odpas designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of ub:kc)5*n8l nzaw eg9their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the t:j on 9u:m*d0acld(ufollowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pl 27cee,8)dacwf 9 as)/i wmm55tn bmcrinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian ) 9b8vor-248nuzw9i ft)u mto hxg;9ni3 rtsgrelativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special re)a x lq1)uqy-dlativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of:qv0gvrnt) 7 mr4bbkqx8r 6-y relativity was that the laws of physics are the same bnbrrgv mrt yv )q76-qkx 804:in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postux i :qf ,gyvswx64(s+llate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of specialjg(2-rj7b9uot, : iro tqm1 ob relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measu( y)-m j z0yjbso-x3tbre your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at aoj j)0- yzb-sx3y(b tm speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving cloc+fw *+ jxuezj.k

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is def: jjq: w7xf.klined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speedvio7-b s* n3fg to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts is 7ong-*vb3fthat the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observn8pqgcm69ug7 jt ( v,zer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vel8 s)zqog q,1e,p cuax8:hw2yaocity that approaches tho,uq x 2zcp)h gqs8a8weay:1,e velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a ci7 (ug6m r.gql3u3pkdirection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches thk(.puggm73rq 3l6c iue velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the vwzpo-(xie/5(ih .hamass of the particv/h.z 5( o-i(pheiwax le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a par khyn-k9)y9e ku4bn +zticle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the partik 9z-k4+nby)ekn9yh ucle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very ho6a;wzc:h4wyt+9zd hx,xrm6y -gt 2jigh speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its nor yxcwh hraz+ 62t4yz -d9o;m6gwt:jx,mal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic masfl*tn 0kx s8z,tsyy) 9s dolsx8t0ny9z f*,y)kts ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy e91u;4elg3lo m7wy lhjt1ke7 proton when its relativistic mass double4wj 1 9m1leyel l3ote7kuh7g ;s?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of may/o)xdgbyw d; j2 l y3nh1fuvd1 c1p86uxvk 8.ss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travelingn7d cq(+rbt fbj(38e o at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is movf7 b3n 8+o((decjtrbqing directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followingacvmd8y3xsj7;:sf0b ir 0i o0 depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your n(l( ,yewpd( y9)mgf thl87zf spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, reled* -m1ckxs-6d8ww j::o iclwative to the shore, d:wmwwl8*-cjx: 6dek -i od1csoes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 mvgt 1skrlj)8 ;/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the b1;kjvgr)8 tls oat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in st7m x -;sc5yqrjill water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it 5s7 c- qmy;rjxmove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it iwyukntrp mh+ps(0ls 86d-gg)jhxm 6 mz)1u7 ,s to be observed by a stationary observer a-h10 t8l+(pdusr zgw,j6n)kh)g pummxms76 y s running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet ayq 5eg;8ml,e 8uol.yhnd returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has 8q yyegl8. h; ou5me,lelapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initialgk5nu*w 9q5/ gmc;wxkly 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years gu*59gk /n m;5qwxckw (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spacw0jc su sxy*:8ri;czh e rja/t pv0-1 z/p0(dle trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according a/ d -wtrycrj /;ul(zs*pxhj1c0: vz es080 pito a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving t hxqasjg316h1z*o glj) 0gkqk xx(( -loward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move (c yvd3.7mgopto contract to half of its proper leng.7( my3gpcod vth (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spacesh0 + +fh1ejn(j ut(rt47nzorf zip travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to youforjutn z14(+7hj (fe 0rt+n z?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, /x1 gh5af 7lkf5armqs1eh7r)5r/jue which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.80agqm5 lh as5x/uekfe5j 177h fr)1/rr0c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centa7pg1q flt*: g 1qsep16 2lajif(:c mhpuri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock ps1ple*lha6c1( p g fqitf7:j g21m:qon board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yearafn*wx:4ysf(uxvmn /n02 a t9s away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travelsnt42 m9(f :*n/ayv uxasxf 0wn toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass i-j+sy87 um hu q6qlr,ztv*/wrs $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is t hlw*lbnesh59 / 3;cltwice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goe ea3h9,v9bx f ur ,og3sx/fy0as from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increaser9ef s 0 ,yva/hxxgoa9u3,bf 3 by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in*ag9vqh j g2z/ w(.ta7*eruf g $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lod8 1)gxxjiw sj:buj6 ;ses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material wsx0 ./kbyfbo6 *z .fhpas lost during a reactix *f. kop/ 06hbyzf.sbon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy eqhd946m*w5pvpie2f u u wtqr/ 7x8 ro1auivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1ztjixp b+7o*8x;gyp 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much jpb 8i1+tyx gzpox ;7*mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a cq z 1:q.e2rnjproton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of t1je.rzcn2: qq he proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton isyt6uhq48b (5 plklp.+xsgfawy / 87ad 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum q y8(.4lpwba xk8yut+dah6 lp/sg f 75in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in wq3h2bj:u 1l:blh0u) -pb c xgkhich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a rey:l v-er b1 yjm:boq..action in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electronxd,e.8mmw9eq(f uhw9c6 v9t,h:u dra moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to ac97azpgvhc p hb 5mkal0y6 y/2;celerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocitypvh95l6pz/2 ayyh0b7kc m; ag of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, q9c( h0m ef;wv$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By wn 9d.an3l h/ehhat factor has its mass increased with n9h/.3anl e dhrespect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the / p/- u94dswgwf*8de)kazy r(b(b loe Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light fro) wk9gwe of(*ds e p 4dl/-8(za/byubrm the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling thru 7-q y li3olvpjsb9(9ough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directl(v y-ip3bs j9uloq9 7ly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fasf/;/(e mqxr o jfpol*kpsq9 8*t would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stat(xfrofj/9 qp kq/e*o;mp8s* lionary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshipxdh50kg* mdn:p(s9 g-bvp er/ then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relad 0-: gr/v9(dnpkhbem p5sxg* tive to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from th9;e.udsf q(my e Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the E.fmqy ed; s9(uarth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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