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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or o 9:b cdq3n c,g,aq+ekc v*4xsxther means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What shoucb ,*d :x qkcn 9gaqsv+xce,34ld you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designenmq(*w.5 u ifud to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded f; xuja 6p(dzyz. 7b( bc7pw ,tk:lcam3rom the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the 9q7dsn-fc+xk following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity l;;o93w fzu n 0op2modprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions rr-3 bp)o2hh85f4f8cerrviw of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specia flu9y(t+dpt fzm9 (-rl relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativf xa h)e(lm4vge4jfemgfx0e3(k7 / 5mity was that the laws of physics are the same in referencjxe4 mmflhefefe) 7(a g(/mxgv 03 5k4e frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of kw.fm kl - u:s(*cfqr7special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relal tzd35 uwjut:o*f7t6 j dq) q(5i8qhstivity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse r bo4)svwxypz6 w q 6,4nfkc88yate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a spe64on6f wky8qv84bpxw s,ycz)ed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationa c3r 5cyn6w 3jpe(fvf1ry observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is ) p+zw 1b6qa)gcgjg* tdefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very higp. itj8m )8eljm7 teyl,k)l( fh speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astron8)j l f8 meej(7.)ittplkyl ,maut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observe stn uas/s5oyg4: ) t8rs nde5f(87mzor, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velt qu0 -p vn2e2c :1bzhhj)8pnqocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured bybtnj h1)2q-q 28vpucne0:z ph a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directiv xhd7fn.uqw 7a-(+jg on parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The le7(gqwvj-7 ux fdnha+.ngth of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a paqh uw tk+:):bfrticle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlef k+:wb:)uhqt

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed o).r :itbh mgya4+fv-lf light, the momentum of the particleh 4fialb) v m:tyr-g.+

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, y3 tl:ro( evaggenyn,( )de*s2ou measure its length at one-half its normal le)a,eol2 tg(n *n gevdrys(: 3ength. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kine/vfw -nw, m v:glto.5btic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic massgwbv5l:. wt, vom/n- f doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its re6w4zcp g/ em1k y1xk7llativistic mass doublesek4ygp6mwx7/ 11kcz l ?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of 7 +u(nzhf*wq p,,1 v bvcys(yamass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships51fmqe +u/ pht, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this v+u 1e5qpf m/htelocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following dep fwrooa:qllyto:.re)v *6r -7ends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you woul mrfsu7v3qs,znjwa k.-yg()i ;y5u w8d observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wha36xrbdw .ha/1cb y. unj/m1uit speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat d1h . uabuy jx3//wm6b1ic n.ris heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in 8r3; iym *dzckxg5ia z3 e(ii2still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s im a(x; *z ydi2i3 ir3z5ei8kcgf the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relat/ ,0 bzei1mur-y,e*.tsxy be hive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across thee,0teeysibrb zm *y.h- 1x,u / river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obspu j/ 0r m-aus7l0lxs)erved by a stationary observer as/ms lu0a) 0uls7j rxp- running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey tf dnt2-l s,rj3 pt)9q57oi6 kw bufw(nn/ uqy7o a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spnyq 7ru, jbn qun )5sffp/w2 t d(379tl-wok6iaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. aw):hmzk 7 -h+zn0e5 g8h/nutkv/j mzWhile Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andre-hkh:gz um/+t7/5n e jhnwk)z vm0z8 aa upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a sp yt, wkze-:yo+;g ;trsmk+w )0f(owdteed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin broth+tys- ft, o o w+wzg(tkd;k)yr;0mw:eer?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you7dxescw( 0;ks with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of itsq4b dvu8pslp:igon3hbv(c ;:k 2/u7 h proper length (as observed by a stationary object)?2pk q uh lb(:bdgvn4s7/8 3p;oc ihuv:

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship hj zg0r tq79o4is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to youtzr7g4 j9h0 qo?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system i -x,ln1yzchu3(uc i4t s Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on thuiu 4n,h-cyt 31xl( zce ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar jffl2x-*. ro3p+ qjtksystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star.tk. r+ql jx2jfp3 of*- How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alv yge31rxkz:6/846 dcs wkle gpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceshd346kx y1ec/vzwles6:krg8gip with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is itsrw5v kh8vxuy-mpi. o6y 9 6i:ful 2bo) mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass .s,t;zd2 ry xzis twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spac t 1l6q cpy*7zbc.-ehyeship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will cc-1 6* zplbt hy7y.qeincrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum b*95mjsn jmt(in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elementrlu)qa h l)/+r loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material wj0+i: uy 5ku gxm,s.ncas lost during a reaction0 yg ,5+:muxnji k.ucs?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass.m(gk v wo,:)vo3v6v :cenagn0bp*t d at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, heljio wqw/9c95 sping to end World War II on the next day. It releasedi9o9q c/w5sjw energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speeql zxad 75u*nk8xj g82d of the pxaug8dn 5*2qjx 8 7zlkroton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total f5b, b w,1g79j:vlx h3ztgncxenergy. What is the momentum 7,zb,f:vgx ngwbhj x3t l59 c1in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whic2gqnr-oh;udrb1 r 1f5tgx; :zh $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during 0b0v10fylixuaq srrr. +ph6yf9s50 ra reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c ing 6f:.oc: +addn,yw?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of enem+s 6( v2stz5 lxew/gzx3gl6ergy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity v +5 g3s6leslx/zgt m x(2w6zeof 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 5q-, -aezf /b ydex-lc$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass ikhzm k1f-aq;n ;e0(e cncreased with respezaq1me-;h 0f;(kkcn ect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c 5ldhhf)41ey b. You measure the speed of light from the Sun b4 eldhfyh)15to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through gbudb: pp0s3/space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured pbdpbg3 : /s0uby a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a sp) zz y,sxs .ipqi112fyq/5wipeed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel )yq1sii qs5ypf pwx.iz, /1z2from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from thsk+87 q67d/fxv rjbxhe Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if tdq6+kjrhbs 87/ xf7x vhe missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth wiw37n fo qoz68cg)bud6 th a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Eafqod7 z8b ow36un)6cgrth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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