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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has n(wv91wd ,2fz ua+z gdqo windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wishqza+f, d ( zudv9wg1w2 to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to a1yn9z5r t0a5xoxt3d measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the -e+b+cxrova ua 5pl9;:, smfly ld5b*results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following components9g.4 qkpfxs,8jt(dunj- (f di :

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity priny:k 2kan75ar:vj-p qr2 f3jpqciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian rl3/qdcof g4 hb5+(u k/;hcyv fa;+adx elativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special ref6j3t-v d(h ublativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the sxomsswk+tntg8n :9dx.:;x :o pecial theory of relativity was thatwknxs x: .toxd +t so;ngm:8:9 the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first post *dhnv.c2lnl :lci1k. ulate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativity.sch; q 3rzh6bgkd4 6f;j+rgj .
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spacesr 8inrkjfr c/s; c:5y;hip moving away from the Sun at a speed close i5:cj s r;/8yr;frknc to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moz plv9ip jf ;f7;n/do(ving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as)z wf 3j(l;fwp $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travg(8 o lfu)ua))jnbt7b eling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twi)7ujtf)bb u al (8)ngon that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary otzm5r w1.6 dv5qy6o glbserver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vt2 mimoi6gf1c qxxg59b(5 n o4elocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationf m(1xbct5g6mqn 5i2oxgo4 9iary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velout,oz o r4)mer+0l4 ckcity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as meas ,rc 4 urol4e0)t+kmzoured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the spee *onurf5vha4 rlvl u.17d e446ebsbl 3d of light, the mass of the particle4*.571farlu4 6bv osb4nud3lrv e lhe

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of th2iqx i r2.7az,t(hfjoe particlea, z 2fo27xt. h(jiqir

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a verni* qn )ps+xu0y high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's 0snn) +pux*qi mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic enerhzps8j1c 97xngy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass docjh8xz9np s 17ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relat:)sl v4v4do pg k(f5uw p6w)viivistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativod i46:vpw(u f)v)k54vwlg sp istic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle pkb62-4 c lmota;og)r f2 pcqa;+ap 9jof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travel6m-cnm6pd t4 :p t yr:y6ropb)ing at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is motm rpmctb6)6rn-6 po::d y yp4ving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's cvzj vbzpzyj5)7s 34-frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of yotr aaunm5k+r9 q f,48zr j7v2sur spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/.dye ,0 sw:oju+fql,ds in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowin,u q.od + ldfjse,w0y:g at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. 0*lo( ys5z9kb1zsa m*psfr4uWith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/sm*rzsy*4sk s5 ba9o 0lu(f1pz if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wa u/wf;c9 9o( pjl7fmatter. With what speed, relative to the shore, doestl o/j(7;pa mu9fc9wf it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed bmcpj uu:hgcw 9/wkx 0x 8+a+x8y a stationary obchx k/x+ujga u+8m890wp:xc wserver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop 68 25xoqqdbtsv;pawa l(g2b 5 journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of th;5(ql bvqb dost2 5w826gaxape spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courgg52ubj- g uwq7iww g9 .)rqv5bw:6e etney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returiw )97qg5eb6ug rvgq2.g5 : ew-bwuw jns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin u ere- )+7h7fi + qktcuousa/+brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning )r-e oe7kf+7ast+h uc+ u/u qito the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. Whatgkj k7 57yoog( h .3vwq--hytk is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract vb;7z3qtd- cjr .86o)1 un6vhplw somto half of its proper length (as observe)c 1mrsvj;- ov7p.zl6wtq8bh6o3 u dnd by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshiee hqi6j l 0cqio+vqua;+)2iei*l(c7 p travels by you with a sq ( eoec;il qi62jvaqi)i+u h+7e l*0cpeed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is, +*r af(.qe3kbl tpz8taa7pp 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger o 3 ,8t aala(f*zp7tpkb.pre+qn the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centamlyv,*-yp pqc 6.vn -zuri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. -6v,yzp* -qnlc.vp ym How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, 6yiyj,7 z p1o1csswc51 jt:frwhich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would 1foc617s5zp :cri,wsj yy1 jt elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (Th:mgpgj ba8p gyy ofn6)g8q 357e rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twicespk7b -hh 6wf9 its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceshipxime/(6 55hjko x ki/h goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase bykxihm5/(j i xkoeh /65

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum 6x:ho oo37zd8cqx6qyrg0yuv ya 500bin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lo+mnvag6*w0nu w0o1x oses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materiiyytzq o 6s8c/5j uzpa*)e9 +sal was lost during a reaction?u +soqc/)yi 5jz*9e6t8pzy s a

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram g0.ts se, iqe dg006agof mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dgwb1htu3(aa (heo+v -i omu-)ropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helpievmtu(a 3b 1 aooh)-+w-ug(hi ng to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of s 24mxvzclfc,0rez0afi(0kc 3*h5ou a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proton20 zxh0 f4ol*kc usi5(,vf0ra3m zecc ?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energ p1bj0p(1tui y fhdkpe. hz+2+y. What is the momentumihf2tpby +du0k.1 zj(+1pehp in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactw k0zhzkrsiy. ugk, r;)*kl.4ion in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction m:cjz d/b ii)-ebn8qr9;l uqod+p5n: in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed owv.vg0 oa)gcz sm.hx5 .3cu 5wf 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of*nn s3gc q+/pb mass from rest to a velocity of 0qg +nns*p3b/ c.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 3iuf8cmcsm6h.x4 ;y c$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increasep6edc*qdag*;i:5scq d with respect toqps :5*c6*gqia ;dcde its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure 5 i1ztdsght;tj ysy )c1+*g.v the speed of light v1z.cd;gys *is5t1tyt hj+ g)from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relafsh) u*cn c:+tb 07of +ensp( xuz*i8otive to the Earth. If the ships are hea*c*8+ cu(n+szuht0 expo fs):nbio 7fded directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is trave nkneglyy7 x14ii;9 /0jao5 faling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relati/nof7i j 9a1 l4g5a;kixny0eyve to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Ear spia+cw/ s,wlos88.d zsm )9jth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a miom)sjwc ps 8+wl9d isz/8a.s,ssile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed w ,pnqnkm8b tvck i35yf*y2/z2)bn)oof 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observernkny/zw )k3 po5b*yit v qf2),2nc8mbs on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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