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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has 5i+ e3axlh n+p6s.kge no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measur+ x5 si+pe k3ge6.nahle what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measub :uo4fwblz:8 o2k1wy re

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the revf )etu bzqav;03nt0 ,sults of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following cbf2i.9+ ekr ijomponents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princn, n+a0iiyd4 gxtt xeww;tr. ; 2qhb-;iple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumpjc5 x9kx n)g*ig02vak tions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativi,dyee 6ve 29ab;8 jqelty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the specia)i;)c)9hz0cyo/ v hz hec7ewxl theory of relativity was that the laws of physics7)oh;ehz/) 9)c chz0cyew x iv are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativity0giqi0 fe;prevp 5+1l.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate ofj c,j ee1f+xp;oj30ocg7a f(h special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving aw52j,jw olt5dr ay from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you woultj2ljwd 5r o,5d find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving clocnms- 8e67,kofnn 7s0gpa/jyup a.fg)p c;kg+k

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as ca fu7 b3b(0l0iql)*bnb 2qlg$\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a rj1zfd5z8yqy 4ide in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. dzqyf5 z8y14 jThe twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary ob8 l)6evz(wi6bwcl 2 ggserver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocityv4 ph+2oi h9 by5czo,p that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationarbcv45o pho9z+iy2 ph ,y observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a . zzwm9 d.r 9cxk,ia(edirection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stati9dxe(mzi z .c ,r.kw9aonary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appr (gznr y x6 4;2bk/7 0n4zhvrb0hphbkxoaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlx( hpz4 hv/b7n40zr6k bh nr2k0y;gxbe

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the sp qpk a:e5d 6uwnu 07+bow98cfgeed of light, the momentum of the partk0+bpcow6fw8 5 7g9 nudu: qeaicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speee:;umt twu;t ;j4 g: +lra6wznd. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving w;w;:jttne+ uz a6rm:;t4 gluspear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy prok*0se d 4lak)yton when its relativistic mass doubles?4dyk0*ka sl)e

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedgn8v-gsswn 2jj5 q+ a,y proton when its relativisticvsw, s5 -njgaj8q +n2g mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mas zu8y 9h-ehr-cs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight lid/ o8u de w cxgr5v5buxr(r371ne. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. Whatr 5r7b1 /uw u(3erdv5cd xx8og do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referencbeg85i0 o*w wte?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observe5b jwj0yo4-k u

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relativbq yy 3fd8cf/ rjcw*oq 6fz2: +8(mfhee to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowi *q83r2 +hw8jb6cfd qye c(:fofy/zfmng at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in sti.llg*p6cd ywpoywyo*-6 .9yzll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/odyp*y*gpl c.z6oyw 6- 9y.lws if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thuv1 g(kr8j -tkq-ns b8e shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straigr tkg -nqb8sujk8 -1v(ht across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obseoz7f o6(nvj)ocbf )pjp c 018wrved by a stationary observer as running at one-half its norm j (o7vfo c8z0p16c)jwfp)o nbal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet a:7gm l nh7dh7ond returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speo7mhg h7: dln7ed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney,dhn*51 n4b.rmv.srz pa j1m0 j are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, d.zv1 ahmjjprrs51 4* bm0nn. Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80m*kdtout 778. k:exbtc for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brothektd: xu k.o 77mbtt8*er?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a -d dnbp/dgn 72tm;v+aspeed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its propera dx+x) f-c)ut lengfxc)+ -tux )adth (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spacesg+j6q,wj u0vmt qv0, lhip is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lengtq vwq6m,,gvj jlu 0+0th does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alphanscmbd2.5 tz2 Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the sta.sdntc2z2 5b mr. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whichr pu 6w3+ jg/k(ijbmnp:9kmk8 is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time +kj:/kwrm g np(6uj 9bm8ip3k would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpv)h*c iz/n2:kdq 8a q*+ni eknha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward kz *dqqnaec:+nv i k )82/n*hithe star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is travel4njc i;6h/wht51shy y k slr/c4/-j+v rw: cixing at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice i4:xi*cs uf+mpze+ q1p ts rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceshipwt2dee*tcz.z 1n+i3kz1 exq; goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increaz1zq *+2 xw. ;tenki3dzecte1 se by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in 99mf a-v1u)rth6 x0l9mmzvx r$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lbwgj ufr f.4cu* j85fg19pm q4oses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material wasrm2gb vfkxay ww2.l,e.fip7hxq9 4 24 lost during a reactiopf rv.wfm24wgqk2.hxlay, 2e4xb9 i 7n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest *of;dfvgu(5 e1z9ch mwpwy4a+-f * hfis

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in u,9 9ihhmgc7 /0 vifbx1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy eq9g9u/0bi7 mhc x,ihf vuivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of aykpnoz:7p0g; qd7ih3 proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the07 pdqzk 7;iygno :3hp proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy oh pg+370kngpfll7rp*j* wb w6f a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum p ** 07pl3r6k+fw7 pwnbgjl ghin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (infgj knav62b1ql na9.x:2 +woy MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactioi8ohw6 06oh yqpj6r864p blkxn in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a spew*j7gjz7,j5fy qkmis k o/i1; ed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilog56vm- u; fu vot.0;lactxmcw2ram of mass from rest to a vfaxm-vvo0lmt;u uc6wc5 .2 ; telocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, d b60fv9uow:af 3s)jh $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has/ft 5ovza 5xg,+uge8j its mass increased witha+t5ofjxzu/8 v g,e5 g respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.8gsw1gx)m gm8w9(u kr95c. You measure the speed of light frgr8gmsw( m x)k891gwu om the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spaq g,qbdb9go27 ce at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly bgodg7 q,9 qb2toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light ls4szh9knw.0a+gtx: travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observe0hxn 9k4t:z. sag+swlr?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thg6 f5hzx sny3d *wl: or8+ck4oen fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if th 8gy o+6nr3*lzk:4csxw dofh5e missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eaamb;banm802r(bu o9gc g k89prth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on p2bb(;a8mm9u0 n gboc 8kag9rthe Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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