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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios,h;:h yu mhywrx(-noa8vh f(/0 or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or movin h(m;8yny-h/0vra(owu fh x :hg at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to jilk+rpz r6g*.*(effm5d ( edmeasure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley conclu8w t26.8otf-ryg aq fuded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourse +5m ,2xg3 *yfs z6,tpevsdyfxlf if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principl omzy0+m ad8t-e.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity7 d 7kixpyr(7kgoy+r 0.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativit vzg3 j8yut7t/y

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulat:mnh2vz p5ct/,qx(u ting the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference f:mnc /2,zutt5x( qpvh rames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativity.yi0 oj n unc+f+*ny05n
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate o 7tyn0aojl- ;3c 7dd pa89lqxof special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measuu5u94f-nid 8nm v+j xfre your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light,u 9- jdn+ifvmxu5 n84f you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a 3v 3llg9znnno -9f)et moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defin7+udabg9 hz7) wwgk6eed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship trajy)-86q)xiulz o,gefveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the e8qfj l go,-6iyzux))other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obje.; jakca+cvrs1aq0uwa .,9nc z9tjm/ ct

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direcor i +nnajsdr:0 7;r9i1 gs(tation parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationar7r 0ag i + antr(dsijonrs:;91y observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its le.x.;r+o ayb dungth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. u.y; or+xd ba. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the s (x)sjo/twzbjp);;ujp : k* mapeed of light, the mass of the particpos p/(axwu) t;*m j); j:zkbjle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mo ky.ot9afn6i aflz4jvg 7/-x 754 yjlementum of the payfo5gjt4il7vaf.49 nz jea 7yx k6-/lrticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by ypgkz f, ;0bb1bou at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must z; 0b,kpfgb1b be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic2 jc,q/kdpcbqk5-,kd mass dokdqp,2kq5jb/- dkc,c ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relaww,b:clz3 p)f4z qae;tivistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass double l:; wpc4)3bwzqf eza,s?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masj/m+honi n1-rfr /q 9gs $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each trabh gu )lnk0k;ew/z9h8j 6 wc/kveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving direcw)k;9 k hubj6cnkg/8 he0 wz/ltly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of ym8i92k0euviypm v:3reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spacfa(yzye; 2 w4l 6(khsleship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stilz(p-9;q wels* sm-znll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in;p(wz*mqln sl- 9es z- a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relat *im r1nbf(ks7ive to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is hen ims* 7(rb1fkading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what s8lv)r 7bs1f i7 t i,larzz*2yvahy(,jpeed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/sli v8yav7sli hzf7 ) (y2,1j* t,zrrba if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is trase4 h4x,8rlo be observed by a stationary obser,lexr4 s84rahver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a pla+e97y ,s);/vjzuijqspolh0a/ xa h f :net and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaces 7 fl aj) s/9yzqjh;i+u/a0oxseh,: vphip. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are ilqw l.n8j0.+ksxxk + scf-)hpnitially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed -sxc h w n.+)ql8skf.xjk0pl+ of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space tri)2elbuota hc-, 15bhc p with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning hlt2u 1boc) be ,cha-5to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speedlq 6- gr5es4x gmvwb b dlms+861 fa4:pm0auu; of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket9wy, 6 bgqt jwzx2a.w) ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observe 9tq)gxwbw,w.6 ay2 jzd by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is atexe zctem;5,* rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does ie metz *;c5,ext appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to ouro 8;r8 gpy1uhq)ru: gaa8myw0 solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant sperqmau1 )wyr8 8goupg:ya80h ;ed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which7; /lp;gqtms k:pkuln8 yn7(l5z)vjw is 4.30 light years away. A sl85ntk/;:zg7j u pyk( llm;snqw7)v ppaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Adart,5,k.d4/ -jcv z pyncbw h1 ler6-lpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed njc,5rty 14k,hca/rdl w d6p-.be v-zof 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The reo qe3bx43b vd) )morg(st mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mpf)(b;k34s nr;djc)gd v3hdpass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 ew(n +nr6zcw.c to 0.6 c, then your mass will inzw .(6ec nrnw+crease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumlr8m :c qjiy3f/nk9) h in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elementtw2ez. y2,b tu loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materiks235pey)w:wg0 cjjxal was lost during a reaction?e5cyw jjs 23wp)0g x:k

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogramu3g(u+zghgo6o4 yslw9, c r) g of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was droppui+.ykinzjr( -ft: kfa28.e v ed on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when tnyf.+( kikf -.: uj8ver z2iathis took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. Whato4 toz 75roh.b is the speed of the prott o5.h 74roozbon?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the mome)ok:)ek vmtvee7 l-*mntum - lvek:me k)me vot)*7in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reappzcy2q*o nw f;xu 5 *.hwp75qction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost d )0* ka0gevvlxuring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of 8xovd d y3eahmf*lj*)yy(3n)an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerun: 1r*g ;1oaplf.rfkwr* r)i ate one kilogram of mass from roi* .r:r *;fng p)alrfr 1u1wkest to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, sd4;h-ocr+:zw b bn x/$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increaj8sg d )6q93nr xcfcl q*kwz1/ t4df8esed/3x8z n4kfl w*crfdq6 )d ej9cg1s8tq with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun atek y lqp.+ 8fvyl-6(kk 0.95c. You measure the speed of . 8qyey+ pk (l-kflv6klight from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60k4 l30*uuxbws c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward ea k*ubsu lw340xch other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast wa* j/533qyiq g hs6i cr3cls5vould light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a st6g q3i/cir3 5a3jvq*s 5 lyschationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a sjntirdlh 7*m, x y8ahk 6c:cmb w5m*89peed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missh t,b7 lyc:j5wn69*8ka xmhr*i8cdmm ile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceshipecnxb2j* ()) skxth 6j then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to thj*)jx(h )2kbx cesn6te spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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