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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has 2z8mr9 dwfma7no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant veloci 8wza9 dm2rfm7ty. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley ext/ * 0oihpq0cbperiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimen* gy.csn,:fldt that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer s eux f42eu7l/yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principjh;rjt;tx 9fv w+ i-h7m/ir k2rub +aw,j /2krle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newnxoz 7ls)w7 wrr-mnn*6 0xtr+tnt 97 jtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rela qvu2elq+hs58tivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulatidf/otb6u t0 k+ ,xqj(l53 fufsng the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics aref/ (l0oq btkf d3jf 6sx,5ut+u the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulam, ;m.7tvcftbte of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of spec,(,wv00w 7gln is f7tza+uanaial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving6le3:ksg 1 iia away from the Sun at asl ek i31:iag6 speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mb ,u-xyha46g boving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defe wfg-(/gl ya(ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a e6dwbh/) )drpvery high speed to a distant star and back ) e hd/prd6bw)again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, ag,en) g j1lws1 moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallno/ fx5yxnr36rl f uq 4pe(/r7el to its length with a velocity that approaches the veloclqp3rurx/x( nf7 ye56o/f4n rity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directio )ih.0t6ni v ys9bz3oxn parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velio 0 )bvxyn39shi.t6zocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, th-.2 a(a6gstvn z3.d9uiq dhf ge mass of the particleuf2dizgag.3.( d-q t anh6sv9

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, thwuz ;*2kg5 2ym-)aiwyw6mw- xj;rhp92uxz wee momentum of the partic*r2;w-2h mwx ;2iw g -awxw5u9pmke)yzy u jz6le

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high h0jx+ih6w8lcyhn/h 9speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving splixn jwh8 69h0h/+cyh ear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relx bzm(m, dsa56ativistic mass doublesaz mdx6(5b ,ms?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energezc 04 e:rgkt;o8t 1zcy of a speedy proton when its relativic1 4zgo;zt0e :ect8rkstic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of massve77pol/( rqecmi r1 4 $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A a ii utl(t4c).is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure tt(ci4lia u).the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's framenb- (x rzqnaz .8fgb4; lifg8umg5) 9v of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship .7ekn+rdlh/kfdl-f 3 increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to tfaiz1z:)q w :ag+ ;gh:aqu-oche shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.f+: q az;g u w:-ca:)1izqhoag0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shorclz:ho.b- j73ehg yf) e, does3 j:-ghclho.)z7bef y it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s inxp 3onm4.j /7my zin4q still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading mj 4 x /n.im73o4nyqpzstraight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving cs: a9jrjwmi. :lock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half ijr9:awji :.sm ts normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstoppckj37j gc7vf5 w*yy: journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceshij cvg*:yjc7fw k3p57 yp is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are init26ih+dj n ccr9ially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earthdc2ir 6h jcn+9 at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed ofxq6yiyxowz+ y/w06 -x 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own agx6 w6 yy-o/z0q+x yxiwe and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving gur)5wcc+ d n:toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of wg.sgg wqk+d4e *lc x j2;:e3nits proper length ngx*.s ecj:gk 32+d;4q egwwl (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at restldg m(7rx8 dl0. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length doerlm l7x 0ddg8(s it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurpb29zxyll8l 8i, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distancelzlx2 bp898 yl does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4h- kjet9t;n5h c0al t).30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. H5-t aj;l90thcnkth)eow much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha j15 (c2wco ijmCentauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse jo(mci j1 c5w2on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The restfs5oa6 8ut v5-e,oy qlw v.ze8 mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its restel* t/h y oz.,9xlqjy4 mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then youra0f nuy +nun4a-r6mad b+p4 /t mass will increanu/fny 6 t++a40m4b- darpa nuse by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumc/74uaoz i62l c hqho9 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an epfh kiip yz9 ,g0j-p7gyuan09t0q 48ylement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material w l(98g wdr-xl k0pdp0has lost during a reaction80wdxp -kl9rdp0(g l h?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass 6t qvt 9tascxba-i 7s,7- sh,cat rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was wjd h.g g6j 6j4f/ne8xdropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helpijjw4 6h.g/e f6d8 xnjgng to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a elay pzj-: k66proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proyz ek-:6aj6pl ton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 88igbfr iv- 6n;0% of its total energy. What is the momentum ; fbig8-r 6vinin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releas lc4 i+o4ustd*7a7iff ed (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost u 9 qm 3::(dzfiafrrm0during a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving w kur4 4bkidqsu.0m fhg: i:n. 6pmp1/aith a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of enet1 2u) bfow/mm;ta2l urgy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocit1 tuubwt o2a2)/m flm;y of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, jehyz (2m tj,8$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is acceler4w:d 3 tn *edio1q-qfxated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased oeq4 x*: i-ddnw3q1ftwith respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from th sd4u,p1tnn7p e Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun tt n4pp ,7d1usno be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relativeut,;gl c t87cr to the Earth. If the ships are headed dit gc7;ulrct,8rectly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a sl+toapu7 ;(5b3 lu bb osjp3*opeed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the 3btp; o bluo5(3absjoup7+ l*ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with qw4 z;0a6ybny a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile meaw6n0y y4 ;zqbasured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The/kyo4gn,- dqc spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relyo c4g/q,dkn -ative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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