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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radiorv1q9 7o:rxoo s, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at const vr: oo71xoqr9ant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was k6a0knz d fxnj95 sdv(y h 3;5*igk0mpdesigned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resultzapq7kmwbe9b )eq3 *h9 7w .eos of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer e ),i2m ytn3w tk94j9c;yvaphyourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity-x/:6e//bt y optpmbj principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovablx68v 1*(v jkc)ocre tne assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativ y/:0yr3f) bedcxx4jiity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulat xasjupygp 2 61eva+,*es in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames 1spyax pv2jaeu 6,+g* that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulawxzje77l 1u- qj2qp.k te of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativity hs: mzj:6krds 8o-ms2.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving awam/n7z a q/1-,k4lhkgkm.m vqvy from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would f /q1gkqz lk m4a-nv.m/k7hmv,ind that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observerzm*p+ r6qv 2go, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defaw(bbw v poma1+*ntykh4 5e s .2a8gh9ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speedw3,xy , yuz6goz7nt/ c to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that tho3yz g7c /,uzyt6nx ,we astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mov hj60x pqkqq-0ing object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a v 3tytyil1hip1f0 nz+ /elocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observeritl 0pt/3+ 1fyh1ziny,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velock5tu vnu.hoyt:kt1/8ity that approaches the velocity of light. The length ./8:ntvut 5kt ykhuo1 of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the (i92aqt 5zg -p je6levparticle 29e-apjiz6e lgtv(q5

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, t:/:iarabr *quhe momentum of the particle/aruq:*a :rib

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its lejdntmm0)1b8 -grcx2 jngth at one-half its normal leng12xd g t)0rjmcj-8mnbth. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when ip( xqfb2k v2v. )ln0r)rl lju4-*us bots relativistic mass dokb)l 24.qor(*0fp ulrn x-su )vvb2jlubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when itszebj5hd hrr 9;/tbb* 4 relativistic masbd e 4r/h9bt j;hz5r*bs doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of m s,ake4u+ r,q:1ifjsoass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, e8niwmm / ,k stwiv3b7+yw87vaach traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measyv/bvwm83 ,m 7skwawi8 7+ntiure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referencn ui+;ud-1fufoj /1 kn1xinp )e?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases3 otw6vxbst ov0gz) 53, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relp0ek*s:ihx4e- r b2:eyt vc 1kative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headinstexvy cker01*p : k4-ieb:h2g upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in pwggbref917; t i5 cc(still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a rivpi5rcc 1(bt;f79 ge wger that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wgi vk.6f(zc(d hat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boaifk(.vdz c(g6t is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationaryrdfp t37(vl5 :j, yuak observ3kjyv 7r,( p:t d5lfauer as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours rclp );uz4 )cj*:thknu*ad1g according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has ela;p:*g*t u )lj1a )ck4huncrdzpsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 yedc6fdu2+f7b wjpu s9: f.y z2lars old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 yeaf:lfuw27 udbf 6js+ 2z.p9ycd rs old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speo9dxn-l+e(rs c* ;djhq;v6su ed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a cs9(j dr+n6qlu;d xo- *s h;ecvlock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you;q4u e jpdb)a8 a;lnq2 with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to mb8mr (p. zzey3ove to contract to half of its proper length (as observed z rby.pm8 3z(eby a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship 3md;cd4gx,ny b d/1dp travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, whad pndgbmyxc/41 ,d d3;t length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to ojbhu/w-sm+ol; .pid4 ur solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels tow;o.d 4 u-mb+hp wl/sijard the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our s5 di.b96od*k sbyuc-yx j7(nbolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relab59kb(n7dj dy* c -.6ysoxbui tive to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaur,9u0lnc g pp(oie*gq*i, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travel(*n9 *g0u,pgl cieq pos toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at6ej k8 jywxy/oaf*+ojk5 r0x+ 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its m /5oghvtc3vok v)cip e1xi9 3(ass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c t 6gs, ntq1vq9xo 0.6 c, then your mass will increaxq ,6n91gtvsq se by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in vht8 97 dfiq935:tjvy1lik rb$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an ele7m1 )fxuzewl1ment loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg ozb 8:*g5pvp;u :v nhv4r* fkdyf material was lost during a reactio5:p nbfd:r4 kgu*z8p vvy v;*hn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mas i13uxxi2kcp*m3u5 lu8yebzj/,i mh )s at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dn vu9vn2p6(z+ c;s cjdropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on th ujnd (+s2zcvc6nv; 9pe next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of;+jni qbu3mf) a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of 3f)ij b;+qnmu the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total n a,ex sei2mt3 z80xx9rg;+ cc7n*vsnenergy. What is the momentum in7i3 0evcx z ; 8+n*nn 9x2gmsscerx,ta $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV)*wh, q/)xr ;e4 v fp3xnwxs6amneuf5, during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during ae j2 f. xjhp*9b/5fbhoskkr(9 reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of a2k:27 q8 l-9wz-veytjjrkoa un electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of ma58hl +:40psxfw bbkw *dumk)dss from rest to a velocity of 0+kwws)8pxb* 4fk:u0d5m b h ld.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 5 owsqka2d gihr7d; -.$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor eqckk /*jphv r;c7c6)has its mass increased with re*qrvcc;6pckh /e)j k7spect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You ,u h 4b3cgg(pmmeasure the speed of light from the Sun 3p4 (,chugb gmto be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative nrun :du*z5 p;5f c3tcto the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on*5c3:5dft ;rpuczn u n either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling sku70 rgh 0xzu+ k8rk)o 35uijwith a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel k3 + 7uk0r)zu0sr g5kji uxh8ofrom the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed ofr3j .6jtw+ez*d zmg .g 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth i.g+6 m*.j e jzgrdtz3wf the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away frgkpdk 2 .i5ec-om the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relad25ce .g- kpkitive to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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