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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or otl;z zlc;hn9 v*8hnzw8xcsxfs6; 7n 1jher means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wishnn lw;x ;z*16 ;9j7lxfhzvs88 cnhzsc to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed tcx ge14j:v r8m,uxds;(iex + io measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their q9i*)/k bhnebx 4fw*x,agz2rsi5 v(cexperiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you us6nmj-pqdm a9 k:3;cyue the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativitypxul h gteeoe;8l3 u6 3.-,unl principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable aav- ngv7b)r8; j(sdbqo9.f qassumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special i qbcl a8;;z.ee0zff9relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in for jf skl9(3heh(ad.m:jg)li8r gh2 /rz mulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are t hhah si2erjzr9: g.fd/m8l3lk(g()j he same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativityj(c d24ndo-iu41n qrz 7d(is-ix8yno.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of s5l9,6tz6f 6.qdol l fn3 e(9q tpxssp2eg2bkzpecial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in ipb5/ dojq * vurlly)4nj,p.ga +j.4la spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close tojlgn4i/.4b jr y*5jqll, a )pv p+uod. the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obsa,mttb7 uytqr f sdm 0az3*kc7 ,3*2dwerver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined jiyc99q ,d3xr4m1+v mkd tdf6 2 webu(as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling atmwtb.d5. tcfh9 ,3 xwg a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. Th..fgd m w9xtc,w5h tb3e twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mcfax exla1- j*)sz.;er;oc t9oving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in amk/sx1-t v8m8lg f;ep direction parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The wi8 f- xmm ;et8g/vps1kldth of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directioq h .5z4dshz od//0jrzn parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The dzsh.ozz 05qrd/ 4j/hlength of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle a.e441d ,fl,yxj5vyt xl ) d6c1y ozwicpproaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlc 1.zj o4x,ei5wt c 1xvlyy)yd ,46fdle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lightcp qx ma(do);k(xv+p8 , the momentum of the particl)+x(8 qvpakpm d;o (cxe

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at ancm 03xs4-zdk very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length acmsz4 dx03 k-nt one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when i5 0(xp(1amozo8blpbi o)m x (dts relativistic mass doi(aoo )ml5((bp 8dpxo m0zx1bubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy p,j6v l497+uwq ve d,pymuvlg:kv.n+ nroton when its relativistic mass du 9 j4we: q +6. v7pm,lvk+nlgnvuvdy,oubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of massl nv* ickw+ ss4u*c2b4 $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a str2h2b 5kb,wy3ozuc02 w*yfulx aight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of *b 2wy5ywbfo 3uh2x 2lk0c, uzlight coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followinvb2klf4az0 /ss;2u i sg depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spac9 zg+sq +lo5vteship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speedn0; ytchzicj 5*;y3jd, relative to the shore, does ic z50n *cj ydht3yij;;t move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what2*qaqb g7(- s-aheh: pthvfi, speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0fhe2qtaa-v sp-7ih(*g ,hb: q m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wite8 w ir7kl6x)xh what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a8x)k6l rxe7wi river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationax8vwbt v bl7iqrz0uf;l 25s32ry observer as running at one-half its nor 2sxf 2z5 rtlwi7bl30;vuq v8bmal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hxy o+2/ caugfitc 73mga/( g*iours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80ctmc(/2ygix * ai/gg u7o+f 3ac, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are x-cqc5gbj8l xf p 8l5*initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?ljcl85cg*-5 pxf8xbq

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip j 7,ee9 nps 9nnekq4gp,ly:f +with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother,+kjn9n nep4g , l9y7pf:eesq ?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving towcf2(ayt:*f u fu )qp;binq 0-hard you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract te4m-kge ) jfrtuo))ts7zf/o *o half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary object)?*fstk/ fo)t47jz - r m)e)goue

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 109x:1qniq ,6bfsc 4not m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c6io1n q,9xbfq 4 stn:c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha *y tp st7nhnro+6fv(4Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spacesn(hy46 ntpo7 fts* v+rhip with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar64 n8 h6h7r*n, hosftwbbw i2b system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A sp4 hibnfno* 67 tb,rwsh b2h68waceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is x jrcr(:2l qy+4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How jyrqcr2( xl:+much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? ()+/u 1m qq4a8w1d/ 1f19owjbej7 ntwc qujnmzThe rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mas-jzvn,j/w e 6js8bxx(ih 9u)v s?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will 0qy5hw7n n+obsajy-1lw0af7 cwcc+;lqs 7yw +c5w1 cna07+;jw c-y0fhn oabincrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in qd/d(;gxr1)vwx fwm /$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an ell1; clagm39 njement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of ge,x: cs.d9 zbq(q4 ecmaterial was lost during a reactisbq4czqx,g:9 ( dc.e eon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to sq(wci ;s75f-e ( 5 mdpfulve8two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed:tmt f 8gnf+k+ 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000fg:mk +f8t+n t tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton i 0r) if8cv8 b)j:mz nj5vpb5fes 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of tb)r5ic50 ):vzenf j8bvf8pm jhe proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a procog;t9o9jnz,q. rl b/ton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in9bl 9zq, ton/.o;gcrj $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) durc/ 7p 2lzps4ccing a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reawado 8:3-qisnction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an6 ;,p4ug+ f0ekqooa)blmj7 g t electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accz)gq ivp9s7.ysku(o+ elerate one kilogram of mass from resyoik9 sq( v7pu+sg).z t to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, x-(pbdjzwhos /uq9 81$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass iub3gi.or6l i7 ncreased with respect i rlg6uoi7 .b3to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun a, 6 tkpg28z)znq7z 5upe5xt mv;aan4 zt 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to bz4gtz6p,8eu;zt 5)na5 xvpmnk72za q e

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c 3n+jlz:fut1v z)pu l9 relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what isv)jz1t3uz:l lp+f u9n their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast woulj:or4 ;.pmd-b a ,ekno7 b*dyld light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationar,o4njrkyab: ;. do * p7-lebmdy observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacxa(sx0 u bx.w-eship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to twsxxb0x.-( au he spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship,zwn fuqo n e nr20/1*,m9zzg1a vd alz4b*,bt then fires a missile with a speed of 0.5029 1baur*0b a,*z dtw oqmn1z,n ezlf/4zgv ,nc relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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