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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a se81r.g yt wzi1paceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if thei t1g1ye.zr8w ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experimen yok6erm 9xsm9 ezp:8-p c31n.ez, 8lvvn f/ldt was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimei3zw*/vg)n tw4x24qlnk fl ,n nt that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if y n3umpbx zp n qkh(8n33)aa6)you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.jb (*c1 kwsru3i u0b7o
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovablencwn fet;glp72hwj0gu6to7+2p r68m assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special i71+x*bi 2e fop3afvwrelativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity wp5 9fyv ta2 yfdkl3(+l/uxx) fas that the laws of physicpd(fa)vl5xx3k9f2 /+f lty uys are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate jryczydv7p1by/d0n g* 1x/ ,h of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulat yru/is12js+nn 5ci k8e of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure you. rt2v(crqab-pm ;k :zr pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun acq rmrkvb-z(2 ;.t:pa t a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observejd(y5 5x2cwuh r, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as b99 )3y8emq; r3bjkl348 ghcg yoiazi $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in aejx)qm/;t : ct space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin qe)txmc/j :t ;is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obj8nwmf u1k44dkect

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pg i h6+lnuux*r9)v 2yiarallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this obg lyi9 +vnur*)2iuhx6 ject, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel tp:(lxs x*,gs1d0jkw*lb3 r1wy )wh swo its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measbgks (w w* xwl)xyhsj1:0 l *s,1wr3pdured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle apzklhg 0 zcp6dz6e) pee)w1+;a proaches the speed of light, the mass of the particledl0e ewkh;)zzg 6a +cp)ez16p

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, j*- ikpivirio8/4,. 8 xf*y wk8a;vgueu hck8 the momentum of the paka ixpwh o*k8e 88ri. gu,*juik v/4;v8icyf-rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As er 8-xd8d ,c77htdndbbf ;/ifit passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal lebb7drf-d h;c d8 7fxn,/ei dt8ngth. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the n2fx)ow i+xr3uwz:0dx, cc/ xkinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublfi:/u cxcxxz 30,2dww)rx n+o es?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relao2 qv+ nce0.gitivistic maq.2vig +cneo0 ss doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of ,axyhy w:ulpblz0 *z )px9pr1j 8/z3l mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, i5ozzzvi;l8/ each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. T58io l; iv/zzzhe science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends.37ux9z1cn 0ihnne -zx+ 9jsnnp by .o on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wouzu j 5 sh3in7w:rqf6b*ld observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wateo pgkugh0.4n4r. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move 4gp .0k 4ognuhin a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 mv m8u gjy dxc8231yp3-/bkhoc/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flok/bum xdp 8y233y gc8hvcjo-1wing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in gxiug3em.9 w- still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the - e9.xw3ugmig river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving c(w77c ncij x947 gtuq4 tx6rzjlock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its nrg7 t94qw 747jxn tzxcuc 6i(jormal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a no z1bku1vu1i cj poe)sk.zg+3 :nstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsedi:uc1jozgk 1zk v1s ubp.)+e3 on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, arhef /9kio i;*d,;zjl+*ewk v qe initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0j+khdioef ;e vwki* *zq;/l ,9.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c b( ducb3-)2xc :upsotfor 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upu:t(c pdbub)ox - s32con returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of,dcpo8+n )9nfab4uibnyo/ /*y,t 6ippev u x7 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to co0jye/c c)ypu 5ntract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stj0c5y)/pyec uationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship trave3nzn0hf 3h n1sgss9+ qls by you with a speed of 0.70c, what z s0hhn 3s9+nn3fg1s qlength does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sy 1 usik qer+*gl26l4pb1td 7qyj7tf2fstem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward jkirq* yles1d tul742pfgbfq7+6t2 1 the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is u/ jlw2c5uv+g Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth tru5 wugl 2/vj+cavels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which sh;*z 5 s*khp144t kan0xsvafj7 w*vjuvub/*is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.svskn*wf s4 4j*0 xzkh1/; 7jpb5uhtvuv*aa*800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its tp/hmpxs4c2 7omf p: yz3q,e9mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if dej;nakv/kai5ia* m-4 z1yvo+v,5ewits mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then youv-sl341kh8sgkz e / hbr mass will increaseh-bz4vskh l/3ge k18s by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum7yj+;wn hd : -wqtqcp+ in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemff 1o -d/fuxc;z,xrg:o:; c 8 yyqt8tbent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during aayrq7 gu0pv86 reactionr0 6gv 8ayqup7?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at ry1 7utlzq( a3t raa;: npv2yu8jt( :cqest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peoplexiuh; 86t(wa bbl*j- z, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much ma ( i8h-*wb6bajtlx z;uss was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the s+:fl+ 5xcu)smhs jden0q f+ 6kpeed of the proton qxkf 65d0hl+++)jsfsuen : mc?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of axn5 gs(mh;8d4fka.9.q iio/9e nmd jh-(j l nu proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum -nd qh.m 89j .hf9a5xm(digse;l4inuj /(onk in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a rea/;:6 x phfr ;sw4xwtcuj(fmqd:q0 ps4ction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactjf-htgj/ 46 o16uw+te3xel jtnq 5f0fion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a spe(je-a5/j g8e7 nn-dy iuhoymq1x1 )k.x0v pp ked of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of enejhf+6z:vf)p8 hj zso aqje:),rgy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a vzaoe)ff ,zsp6h jj+q jh8v)::elocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 6 vma45 l2xwrkiujc 5l(sf .4c$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor 6 l2:3:jwxg hm,v bdgohas its mass increased with respect to its 2dl gjh w6 :bogx3m:v,rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from kgi: x..m-yxp0r d0nithe Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of lightg0yi p:. x0xdk. irm-n from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling througjkl14 )gh y*jwua;haxkqc: 83h space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach vh ;c8a3glkhj)kawq14*:xy ujelocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. Hoobkrx 1;c34lm w fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative km3c4l1xob ;rto a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eajt5onu(. -hix;c) rybrth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speec- i)t;h 5(ynr.ujo bxd of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The- 3o per*3 cl3,av4vuz glf(rv spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by v43luvr zvlofg3r, 3-(cep*a observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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