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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a sp3e st3yv7tssfr8 71 5;km9 pehk1kvf taceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to df3vs 8717h1ek3tk 9fps ;ktt rsye m5vetermine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experp + l7pikb: njv;btj0g:uf*1piment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from th 6 3l q77nbxdhc:a +xme-ruvv/57 babke results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferomkf foh r1-jei4 f bbk,jp30dt2p(q89n eter yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle. aq;wz5c; f7na
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relatia, gn(0pcs (8mow8e uevity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specia .bss wvzvjzh- 85,efv*7 )rqul relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating tw pm a**6wlpg87qj:ulf 9l7w the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physwuw86jfatl*7ql g97 : pl*pm wics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relati9i ymth wgut) +k9d64dks.z2 :krb3msvity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulz 7y+sqim)k 7kate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from thw h avg-ccl/y5x8 s,.ve Sun at a speed close to the s vsxva.y8 chg wl-c5/,peed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movifr abab)i9:lojqk* x6y5f;h6ng clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defineditid7dzt n. 57q4 cc:jjb0t n9jny (z1 as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at +mnsswf:z, *uf/) m pna very high speed to a distant star and back againmf:+fwsu n )/p*nzms,, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mov2u6t 4:ugp*yx nopv9r ing object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length wimtpn1 y6lin3/z+r1 x zth a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. y3 zt1 mp6rl+1/xizn n The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to itgsmm58ocs;xl,)4mmjwgq 3pcw 4xp ff:q1 ,+k s length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as pfwm, 41,q m:qcp5og 8m;lgk fsmx ) wc+j4xs3measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, ttjp9i5jy3. h*rdt7; pfol q -bhe mass of the particl5yb7*l p 9rh;pi-3 jtfo .qjtde

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the moment7l b,wu eoki1bhdkf7;se w321um of the partic77;ek3 u21hk bswle, b1woidfle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by o.y-*i6xvh nws 6 cuy*you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude thahc*xuyiw ny v- .*66sot the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic fegp/ (w -5 +e1glveuvjjj z85energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass du8jef j5 +e v5/g-1jwle (vpgzoubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relz. 9smxxt7k 4; afxfji)jm3 .fativistic mass4 .x9f;m) x 3sjkja.ftxim7zf doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle o; *niu4vgl8aix0av8k5r5iw hf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travelinp,qoj m3 xmt/ 5e.g9wdbdi 4)jg at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What/jdt3wp .q jo, meg4bimdx)95 do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of t5u/a t,(r6bnom7 x8y ;aqn omreference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spacc6 dw l4.y0tcs,4zmlkeship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spewx; (7:dbcqxw:k cu,oed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowicxo w,:x b;:wcu(7dkqng at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0v jco,m mmpc2nc/; (8qqn90 fo m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shorfv, n0m/cm ocpcn;moq2j( 9q8e, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shorwc-aob62e m- n7.m 5v bzj)g-sm-wzml e, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across tae z-25w m )l bom-.mzngbcv7- jsw-6mhe river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movx)ds7ru v +6oding clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal dx+6)usrdv o7rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet as thamesw6 *(9.rz6ru6ft-scnd returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elaetf. ss6w6(*ru9a hr6stmcz -psed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years,upw/b,0 u vqt:sze 7n old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five y7p qs:vne, t,w0zub/ uears (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes 8 bgy 9a sieo:w.bkn5:a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brotose.:ibb g9y:kw 5a n8her?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is itd4 7(l; dlmaovs length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to halks /i :w;d,r .15ppsqbmgvvk3axh5i *f of its proper length (kvr.3qv 51 b;kdpiwgsas :x*ip5m h /,as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spacesh1:glup yex e/m m20rb;ip travels by you with a speed of 0.70upm1/0 mgxe;: yl b2rec, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.307k u/s smy::sf3z6zoo light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship z/sf63yzms:s o:uko7 travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yng4z4: 3g yunhears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward then4ug:gn yhz43 star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which isbztvt)*wd j .1.1pa*mf*4y 1 vmpxlwe 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant spmy.f * eww dtv1.zxt)bp4* pal1m*jv 1eed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (Thhqq2tt 6 2)mfle rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest ;zm)mg yh s8i*h bgea kr1a7(.mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes oyinf dsg )ff+f +s/)hec*40jfrom 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase c )syf/ 4)hs*ffei+jg f+0ndoby

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in xy m dd*v,*,jfqis9m- $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses , ,fm.rc: zm.5:mkp skb src)c$4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be releahvz)a18,3og qtp 7msg sed if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti1) vto3zmp8sh7qa,ggon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass atd az72:qm *dxksnuyd mwgii,f9))( waj 3(6 ve rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 15vdnzut(y5r 2cy f4, d945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT =d,(5 fvncuy 4 2yt5zrd $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is tk ;fb1g8exx 7;oc mp3ehe speed of the proton?em k8x7 3xbo1fepcg ;;

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. W9u8nys9 n)-k kbhyo (xhat is the momentum in nby)u xyn89k(-h 9sko $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releasedqyk.op(zk: a/ e yz)zkfs/6y1 (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which pywpg211m rb4. (kh7m6wkgbrrv4lh:7 ut +v i$1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electr6l6spu(k m(z7 iumzn ,on moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are p,ob2: wdf8: eghqkr;itgsmep 7na5(f 9 sx/7required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity ofkfsx,n 2e9qshp:g tir 7mw8ae5/bpgd(; 7:o f 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 2hixn0: ohhl2e41ar8w 52iwlcuz ) s l$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has x-a;9:i.rnrwpzv)2 m y6s/0 qalfqloits mass increasedi/svr.x qor l0yfp) zq2:;96la wm-n a with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket tr ,,hjh0 nt)yn5 nuc*mgaveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the0un, nc5yj,h*g tmh)n Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60w2- qs yb 11/g kvhm0quq84rhm*jr w4f c relative to the Earth. If th-k v11 4 h 0gjmq2rrbsy*/ hq48wfqmuwe ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with u3wjb n:t8b.s a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obsert3 u:wb8.bjnsver?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eauw, 1 aeif+z*zh jg w))rz+)vqrth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fir)+wzhewg iqz ),*j auz+)r1vfed away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then )alo. vqwhx(7 fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by ob 7(. lwvohxq)aservers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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