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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has noxa.rvj18 k ufvc/yiq2 ri7k24 windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What shoul.jr1v/k y48cx qk7i iuav2rf2d you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed totts +pi,8n kyce0u-0 rc wp(1b measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of t+ og taja*km /wc:g7d*heir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the foocai0n t+cva03(iyp cqj7 7 n8llowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity e,5 t-mr:el agprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtoniaw9uyi/oh 0pb 8n relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of speciatsj ftt 26. xmlkr/vl*o4s9*y l relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating af hurd-z/ q6/bgc(.fthe special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are th/f6c - bqhfu. r/gza(de same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special *mm uf8pjx3 i-80 j5i d,fzwtj*bae3brelativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulat:9mx6jk3m xg he of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while vx2v- kpa,l).9vl4 jmjm2t(vc k)zbb in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the vl2-ack jvj.) zl9tm ,xp 2km(vv b)b4speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observe4v.c4u.ktvhao / 03 0qrrbl gwr, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as oij/f0*l8tztpmx. x( $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space.d.wuw81,qa: /qsm lp a.zgbc ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is wbaquz.g/s1.p,awm.lq c 8:d

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obmes9sit* 7p8pbp9 x :3an.asw server, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directov n.wnp 46d /n. y xynx9ld )qj)s8bof:i+3luion parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,lw i/xjn.84df n9+un: ys6qy 3xb)ln)o.vo d p

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity g0hny5;fz0tk ,6 lxkgys; 3;ir7klyg that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a st0i5 y76l0; xyksrhgf ztkngk;ly3 g, ;ationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of tb( h bcmj 2fgs(w;7hl33lvr8yhe partic b(bgm vlsyh(r7hf;w 233j8cl le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of thxx6vjsf u.;50c2+ lj jb nzu1qe par6jn0lux 2 jq15jzbxcf us;.v +ticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its lev) qlw *opc7ou 03n3bxngth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must bev03onqo cpxlw)bu3*7

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinet( h-yxxi*q h8qic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass douhq(qi h8x *-xybles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton w(hhj:e6c*rzuh(.o jfhen its relativistic mass(z jr* j(6.u :coehhfh doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ofeh18, : ehdvts4rs;idh kb d6r+w44yg mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each travelsq+pif9wjf g:nh*6 z 5f0lpsnsi 6:8, q lf2eling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity s 82ls*e:lj6p9w q0zh f:fn+pl,6 fnsqi5fgiof light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depl cmwsqe: edh:t j8 x951a,rr-ends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increaniq lrxnh12m6da1 *r5n*1cft ses, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rela mdfw7*5* jswmrie(7m tive to the shore, d7w(mfise*mm 7 5w*rj does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 c/f73)i ko grem/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the eo7c/kfir3 g) boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water.u ydvck+ z er;kwi j,5dau;e88:2qkr 2 With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river;kk k8qc,:jee u2r5d ru zv;28iwd+ay?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock trv*f -nqxxnzb8n),d w4 e0 sfbn/gq //bavel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as runn dswb)ng4,*nfq/8/xqv - zeb0b/xfn ning at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet ap wgzruwxbia m8t7h 35r*1*y*nd returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elap3*wgbrm ht571p x ri u*ayzw8*sed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, a-2 ip;8qfrv tb6zs 1qfdz;5khre initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on 86hz1fkqfi-dz;rq tb;s 25vp Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c fo-17))q1r vhot j)nytyi5 s spmpvo71fr 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to ttpyoj t5nms)syv1r1 7 pvof) h17)q-ihe Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a 3,9bq4mkv dfrv f9)5mx+wnlbp n )q :hspeed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract taveq *2w)f *kgo half of its proper length (as observvfeg)*w qak*2ed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when rz,db g zco7ip9w5sgaqn43 2, 7 z7rwait is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear td a7og 2,,bw zarrzsq4zpn cg5w 797i3o you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurtwb(kes. +y sme( 1e3si, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaces3ss + eb1w(e kmt(.syehip with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lit w11t7su.pf/j+zp f nght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towar 1wut+zjp p/fsn.1ft7d the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our sol5 (q uu94t4izdn tpt3jar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth z39pu 4tttnjiud4(5q?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The r,w:3msen y, cmt5 bezjq9kcw*nvc ):)est mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass a6xvghz pw2;,is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0nc+s)g 8v: -cqbn7sbb.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incqb-gv)cnnc bb8:7 ss +rease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i ) 21pqs9 1o.f1gkntog xb6vren $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element;2;-w f /fa xfcmfowet, :v0te loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during azmy vzz56.1nyvo 7 k)z reaction? kzy7v6).vn mzyzo1 z5

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogrc1ez(pg2zq5ta/( r c lam of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that wasqydcz0xpd r3d :/g.4g dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT0r gxdp .qz/g:3dcdy4 = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total eneva;au5n8o /wtkrsqs6 l //1qargy. What is the speed of thva1k t8 5/lrwuqq/6 anas; /ose proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of ae(g** vd8gy. q-vd pfk proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentumg( dyvkd.8 e-qv *p*fg in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactiopohohrkl*2 :e3.) wln)qit /r;e ajk6 n in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost doiiepsm c+3 : 8/hkny)uring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving w-b sn89ptra/qbp q ar 3p16n:with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelera,sd 2yyga jo0o4)c(1hp up/rvte one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity ofv/c 0phu dy41rj ,oypga2so() 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, e *p)smerjk*p.6tmz +$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through .l cszkw73 rwnha- 0,1lv+abd 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect w0lv,z d1al-bs+.k7 ac3r nwhto its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. Yo/q5 -;r c9x4kpk6fdg 0z /rtmgz,ihlxuq 3l;ru measure the speed of light from the Su0,i /;x-fkldqzrzcg tm6lg /3r;x hpqr9 k54un to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earthl l:t47y s.d (b +rdz;pdyml1i. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as meaddy s.z (7r;lyb1dp:+ll4mti sured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travemdqg 3v 5 8s/ ll96oyvfen5oa(l f sqyo5aev g(8 om6f 9lnl3d5v/rom the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of(hka*jk5so0rj l xr 4u,e5au, 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observerah 554jr,arskku,j0(u*oe l xs on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship thel3t qp5 :io;vzqopo 9+n fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by ob oopl;5+pq39ovt zqi:servers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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