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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has jxjs- r*js5)8odm 75q hzl7x lno windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. Whadm8ojjz* llxrs q-75 5hsxj)7t should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley +xm4(, e pu z6w/g3sag8 svojg6e 6htvexperiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the res5yy eh; hj;a2uvw(-dyults of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you u9t6yf5 o hl4fose the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prin nyowfm0.fp fc g3/5-uciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relaa59iu2q9oee) n7c: gxdiq8 zr2 wwxn7tivity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special r*67eae9vk;opeo h,v //i- wxlaqgk9selativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory o :w1j/+5yaig el yltm8f relativity was that the laws of phys llij 5 :ya/mtey+w1g8ics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of speh9)9nv gi:uzmfc bn0 +y.*uxycial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulatelna .pr+th c2n(06n oh of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship a2/)h kh:aebqczsqt 21. x9 mjmoving away from the Sun at a speed close to the :x e1bq2hzhm j.qak/2ac9st) speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obtwi:h,h/ *heehl j17vz4.akal4 6jxhserver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined yo;* 7a6x ywlpnrbj*yb;pp2:as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed tjsxp +02vpm fpye2s*8 n,1kj n( xb(yko a distant star and bav s*ppxpk 812s((ne2jx,0m+b jkynfyck again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, /htrpg9 zhs*, h2zdw8rht4:j a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a ve*6r vc nn0-izmlocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as me* 60mznv ic-nrasured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appmwa ,6ot/g7/ /u gvxzh; ,rkcuroaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stati,cm/ ,zwg;o/ hrxv t6a /k7guuonary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the dmtbhru1b6: e* 0xot/ speed of light, the mass of the particl6 u0tmb*: tb h/x1rdoee

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a partic 9lydsmg-rft3 ,+tl0 qle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particley0-tm93 grd +,qfl tsl

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed.xhn(yx lv0gzpjb/ jj71xs736 As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you concsljyg76jh 7/3b (z0xjp xvn1xlude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when ie6 nf7zf96:uf wa,ceuts relativistic mass doubles?efzu7f,f:wc ue66n 9a

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its r;0jzpi2xrfng8v )(g ayki/ tb; q72gu elativistic mass doubl2(yg k;7gaiixpvfn02/b;zu gr qt )j8es?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass eufw2tl e3 (kze9h 26r$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. ma(-hc -m 7 kd i9wz x/rd c6kdq8tjou.2*ody7Ship A is moving .iky o-tomdwkqc*/jdrm2zd77 xhduc8a (69- directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer,(w f)d8y cufszq ynnou:x :h90avo)4 's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incs( *p bgfaao(rxtbj vn-.w )(n cs/6q,reases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stizt/ * cvfn(ytzhm+.4awlum93ll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if*t(w94nmhyz. l v /tucma3f+z the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With whatg j)j1zhs*yc rgxn9)2 speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heyn z9)h*2rg sxjcj)g 1ading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rel *w)v76p58ut dhrly xgative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acro7h8 5*)p6w ulry dtvxgss the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stdgv.v7d3.lnue18rmlc 4l 4yeationary observerc l4dyn 3.v8.e7rvellu4 g1dm as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours bct+q0/xrez,):v7zc,hlse/ q ee k.haccording to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Eac z rx lc)hetq/bveke/ e, s:h.z,70+qrth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea angix.m9c: r73cjzo-s sd Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 yearsms9ri-x 73.:c g ojzsc old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed ouss8/00+h (a cq3xoqymwdn t:0 qb 1dof 0.80c for 30 years c0d yxod 03wqo ssn0bt8q(a:q um/+h1according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is ittfac 8q7reuqbo4 (1u3s length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket s ys,auo;)bd4 yhip have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as obser 4s) b,o;ayduyved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m wku9ai,v3;/vd0l3iq (pougl when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed oi0/33go a;w ik dv9ul,(qvu plf 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ftjh7 -6 iku, qr/daiw-g6af8 light years away. A spacewiagk- hqdf-/, 8jia7f6t6 ur ship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar ia)x av0pxnww3 t7*1u9bss h2 system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spp)b2t*h37 1asi s axwwx0 vu9naceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which:8l 4he mhnbj1 is 4.30 light years away.hn1 h:jel84mb A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest fl);+mlu)- ga g.lxxgmass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its restp d6:1/ oluqan mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goex a7m j3lm9f;7kqlu(( d6t oz5kt2 funs from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will a9mx6(u;(j2mtkk z3lu77f qfold5 n tincrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum y dvnypgy2.3 y2mn/0sin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lomlgt 0fv o3:-uses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kgaj)v4h) w+0deq yuq qu :2s/wg of material was lost during a reactio vg q0 2w/4hq+wyqjas:)u)e dun?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivabjb/, wsot8h+ lent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Na3a(opbo3 l+2vuyvbt9a -r0cpgasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of pal9(32 t vo3 au+-orbcv0pby TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed o0j+ nspaw3 6cpf t3npsjwac0+6 p he proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton ism yvf.)i* 8vms 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum 8 vfvs *miy.m)in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeVx+m191xxk6 py69y wj5ru ku ./daeqmh) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in4m)j o3s4vfrd which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electrocjxcf8,-p .kf:t *q xvn moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one 29 qhhy u mjx42vhgd .e;xjl7:kilogram of mass from rest to a velg heh2.q7d4 m:ulxvy;h jj29 xocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, oo*ug-5h:jpjsuk6+tkn9 /qm2hns -r$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor hr gg)ojyc+a 47as its mass increased with respect to its rac 7ogr) j+yg4est mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Su .4aopa ci/4j 3jl6bzyn at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun ta/4z yl oc34i.j b6pjao be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Ewd/;760onf xqt bbhae 9sy 5u0arth. If the shipswb d9b xys;u5fno/0q0ta67 he are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast wok k8 1 fd/3qy5p*nndyiuld light travel from tykp1y8n/n5dfi * kqd3he headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spacz p*.0w7useowgj ;d g3eship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on.jw*udeg7o z; g3s0w p the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed o9 1uudu/x/ok jf 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of thdx1u kju/ou /9e missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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