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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has +f ro.3qv2eykj*px6u no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if t.6k+3x oqefuvjr 2 p*yhe ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desd33cskv4n: vpn-o pqjxgw3 00igned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment thwmh,1t:u4 x2hrlu -viat

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if ofk535si)bpv wy9 x4d05js1d tj u1xvyou use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity51 eg2r(fmu hk z+cnm- principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galileanve/rwvn* c:3bc cht;, 4wn b3z-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special ry20ywd- fc)or( b+8pf0fcfn pelativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's poshht;-g-7qjg *p (5ourb avmczy(8jc0tulates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the lawsa(0gtb(gc q*om hjjr7v; pz8u 5-h y-c of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of specd7 s1wp3sx,q gloy:-kial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativity.:3noay4 o g4m 2azbe7y
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship movovek+- zg14ghing away from the Sun at a speed close zhog4ek+ -1gvto the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statio n.v)vs1 qwh aa;5nfhpzz64:anary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined ame7 jcqd6/imq6blqj j nr 2*/eq*ke;,s $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a rb6d6jij p6j:0s xj3 ndide in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that6sdp6:j jjn 6b0i dx3j remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary o5s*q6 ;vmbn d6izf z.hbserver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lcy ;2tx65hitn ,;yz+*e mus+ztuz (cxength with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. t; u +c(,*menz xs6chtzt; 5ix+ 2zyuy The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length witz 7kr1b::6 e9bwy. tey2szxnfh a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured bze7ny 9:ykte1z fb.: s2wr6bx y a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass ofk 0kl5:cyqb0+ j.iv2fw zokf/ the particlecwz :k+fyif5l. b0qoj2k k v/0

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speedqmzsw;v (g0 gv oh 0l8,t;m+jl of light, the momentum of the parmtzqvv(m;8l go;,+gs0 h 0 wjlticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, y0zhsyr :a9aapj,*hct7 z 8tu4 ou measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you concludzy8 9cp0 ,sut7 jhztraa4h*a:e that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic ene.x4a p3 4lvic*1frxrergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass34 fpxx.ae1l*crvri 4 doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic bg)a myf+hh3oe h ,qk*(gfd-9energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic ghay-9e,fh) f+kg3q o(bd*mh mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle o-p ) u swd: phk-)t:dn**usklrf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in n -ht48o4y)fkkvbi*5 j/m3 hn)ige eta straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from thm*)t- 3j k y5gen v/4)ehto8binf kh4ie Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's fram0y:n7eqi l yf.e of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would o /w,ak1;;xj7ft;ttm (fradyq bserve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative5hs/:ycb:mub to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s :5m :ubb cshy/if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stijr1bjjxx* -m3oshv)ftu r* g1j0y4z mi3)i q 3ll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstrj1yjjiu*to)m043jbm) 3 i 3r xx hgsfv-zq1*ream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shor/ia,vzf l;( ise, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight acro i;,/ aifslvz(ss the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to 4gk(qw:vwe*ym38 wtt be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rate*yg84:wvkwmt t3ew (q ?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet af cffh-p)1kk- nd returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on tkphk)1- cf -ffhe Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years om a -krs: gqf7s1j*h6nld. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured sgmra6j q:s-nh *17kfby Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 y )rq vzm7 y-xx.gyhwfyzp*:c.4aq*g.ears accxcwypxq f74-ar v.*gzy)yh.z:mq. g * ording to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is itsdhi+v: zk z/*csl,yz /heh +r;nm l43u length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship n(imz00-q 63e kkaf(tssq2 w nhave to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary objkif s(k-a6nzt m 0s (qqnw230eect)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travek( vjqk w niw*-7jo jui,*uows(;jc8.ls by you with a speed of 0.7u k7i*s,j*(qwok i.nwvu 8jjcw(; -oj 0c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri,yp qxwb y/1,4 ;bfa,pe which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward th4f;yye bp a,/b,w1qp xe star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which :.d uii ,5ppinis 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How mu dp5i ipi,.n:uch time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is (g 2n8cuh2 tf59top6)(sbog* ttdncx Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a (t( t268h)ncgdstx g po2fu *59tcobnclock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is travelfqip lg sl +e .wl y)d.:dv2hrvn,6*y)ing at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest masf,: t1akk(xt ws?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceb t3k(-dzht) /xpy ta,eu;z:dr xx3v7ship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incrx3prx,7tb- (:vz d;xde 3ztuy)kha/tease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i4ax)s4za*(b b7u 9mvym rkcm)n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losesev0;scq1nz 0rmc vr29i g-dp. $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactigw116 z-u ngnzonzgnzn1wg 1-u 6?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equbhf79x yw +b*-/xzhqzivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaklf39 ;m s7qntuzoa 20zi in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000zsotf; 79zanlu 2mq 03 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80fqqj:p f:.djy,n2(qn% of its total energy. What is the speed of th q q.:ff:j(n,d nyp2qje proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momen q2)tpvv 0xo/itum xq2)vt/v op0iin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whpe4+n6 npuun2h *47cnx o(cnzich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost durgxa/4 t h(vpc zx,klqbf-t5.,ing a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron egq/oeq0jyx95;9j8epr9 7f tfj;c fvmoving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from;h bjlv8k*-8g xbtji : rt8k jhl8;xb*:-ib jv gest to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, n3i. qdz94lh p$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its ma: hobdiy e uo( jss9)nd6*xz43ss increased with respect ou3)b9sj 4z*h ie o6 ydnsx:d(to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun atlw5u;on(af ncw zz):h4kh8f1n14x w 9ibgo 5o 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from thei8whwo nfzz(5bgn):5ah1 k f u;1o 4olw9x4cn Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through sq4/5 qoiwa4tj pace at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what isqtq w44o5 ij/a their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fastb 7 mu4gbf.0fq would light travel from the heff.qu4b 0gb7 madlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the E,xs dq-:.fsqwg0/ yjaarth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with :jy-x 0wg ds qf/s,.aqa speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth wlyuhjog8;6 e0ith a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if theu ;0gey86hjol missile is fired toward the Earth?

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