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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, (ri;ud,: rt lqor other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should ,:t; diqrurl( you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measurvjhs40pd - 0hue

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the result qnj1g8g-(uk2ab,dx + wqjj6cs of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the fmtxe t;.bsc)lu9,q* h6,(2 kcis jrscollowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity 5azwum i7t3.*qv /8fwi/rtqxprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assum(2v 5o* xvlwdq) dnkh0ptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relat/:0n 09o atp oidh w9+ 11dm2vbgujyqhivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory+luwg0 8x u;oy of relativity wasygoulu 8 w;x0+ that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of s 3, :fmtxj qjpz;b)j+dpecial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativig0ixvt06p44ve(bn gd-a ,uyrty.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceshiunv n c2rl+8y1p moving away from the Sun1 u2nn+ cv8ryl at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary oj5igz2 *5df dav ui90nbserver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defqvl6g orj ,)b;ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at aasz1l85)y 4d :36z zcxqdzpcq very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth prediz3c5q 6z asqz4 cyld) p1:zx8dcts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary ob1 btb0*7apdj9 rf h48+vxqucpserver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallp, 6wuex:9qn xel to its length with a velocity that approae:,p6xuq 9xnw ches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a veloci5l. k69qzcy uyr5gt/k.6wbdq ty that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, ab.k5t56y gqdcqu/w. y 69kr zls measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approachesziug:g mlks shq-50xh1y0.y * the speed of light, the mass of the particl1u0* skhi.mygs xz-q5yghl : 0e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle axwh8oow4: xi; njsf 8,pproaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particle,8xohwwi n: 4 f;sjx8o

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it pasty 5pkk+eo /z6 qf+mb+ses, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From thi/k5yoq+e mt+bk6 p+z fs measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistio xskva;x+g7gq 26ya,4(izhkc mass doubles?qxzg6i7+oaha(,kv;24gsyk x

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the totalv,epn n3fvp9+s 6qlfvk xl x;hh*r3no6 7*jh; relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass double vh hh*nlrqv6k,xppo6e ;f+xs9 3nj7 nf *3lv;s?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass kujhph27z66 nds7-a d$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straighvb* 1u kdkx8iz9+at(e t line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approacikx+1 zk89u*a vte(d bhing the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depec86dlx5l ; jkxf mv 1qjq)z4:znds on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases,.h( l,+ wvcj ,-yecpe4oaaac4j80 xrw you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m olx.s(z)+i(1 o)gsh)8vv ky qxq/kh w/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is he(wqvkx.hxlhq v o)sk (+yzs)i)/g8o 1ading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With apj cf;0l3(l mwhat speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river thl;3(a f cml0pjat is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.ukcg*ug5qkzsra(6c087;is :r nlo w 70 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if c7*gs kzcu 6i:5waqlu8rg k7o(r;0snthe boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travet;46ksjf e:h4 0emgwms 0i5ubfmg3o4 l if it is to be observed by a stationary observeru j ssh0bgm 4ek;:g4oef0t5 3i4 wmm6f as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a p k yp*2q6-bxoslanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time * spbqk6-xy2o has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courl0/:gu i+ewpz tney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away fr0+ uzwep/g l:iom Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space vsj: *l*oy6lxo3;i;-fn tq 3j / qqluqtrip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and*ylq;3/jtsi- : *;xvlof qou jq6q3nl the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80 rv. x,pzp *9oldc lbcaf80w0/c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to brci/ngoj0*1 w by:e 3move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by a statigcbn*/e3r iboy10:w jonary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. Ip 5f;,ndk i)fwmh5z(n 7llpz9f the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lek( ;i 7nw 5)fpz,lfn5 zpm9hldngth does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our s c5yni8 s39lcrolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the8c cli3n r5y9s ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cen uvs 21*c7fbmnf6rgo *tauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spav2b7mf s*ufog6c 1*rn ceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 liy /cc5z)uy1might years away. u iy 1c5zyc/)m A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? si 4m+ (eozyw1 1w:m+ r(xtnzh(The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if le rbslj ;m) .*vczp*6its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your masss pvjhl5 bc0g(9va4s6 will in sj4s0g cva9l (bhp5v6crease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum i 7gg(i )g.nw ucx0(tr0 wonz:gn $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemenk4c) +wpqi zy((h mm-jt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would kqzu33,5 x/cs1tmz-o jgng 7 nbe released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reaction5-q3tkg, zno/zn umxcg17 js3?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivarq 8vmw4cso0* lent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peopvz(;ns 4dc2yole, helping to end World War II on thc 24sndv(oyz ;e next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its topxrr2 c*6qy+p (4zrcqtal energy. What is the speed of the ppx4rpc 6 yc+*zqrrq(2roton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energykl4 (-t 5gdcng tq*a:mam8/xi. What is the momentum td xgl 4gaa*:t i-85(/kcmqmn in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reahu1rejjick 3/e5 ow;/ ic7i:mction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duringmse mcrm;f1*9 a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving w1v;okuh s4;4tgi- dzzo)2sg nith a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass frk9pyq:.z;(zj iak7 hj7(gdouom rest to a velocua pjyi;z.hqk (kg z(:7o 79jdity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, i-9a* wi i*dpm5os2g cttlx;p- w2mc)$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerat qa* 42xhqw(g(bv 0yw*ho6 kpded through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest massqvw20apo kyxw6 4qb((h g*h*d?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure thehovw f.o5e v0 z*o;p9qvs fq*. speed of lighv9 z q*5 e*. o.ho;wqvf0fpsvot from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0w):-xaijx ru0 .60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured byrjw i-)xu0a:x a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast w*f5m:ee2.fd3nz hfp( qsrb5 dould light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary 5:h e* n3ds(r.5zf femfpdbq2 observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eaomrq9pepb )54rth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observo4 rm 5qebp9)pers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from thea7f(vo y,c;0lrj y-gw Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers onc a,wljr7ygyf(;0 v-o the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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