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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windob t8. v4a2yfw 64vcrmiws, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at yt8mc24avivr4wf6b .constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experimentu- 6gw0352vwjor cgtu was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded f3dzf)mt e c,u. gvs( xrtva5(i8 7nww7rom the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer fu/loj6k1q n1 yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativityb:e1g hb9 wt.*rzur7cd6yv ky*j9v+ u principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovabl(hz16yb e :s l5izbs0me assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativ7 n1enar 0 cexc1ken-0ity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulate:q,thku-xux 2b8o- pwfxk4h ;s in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames :w2t4uxpb uk;- fqok-h h,xx8 that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate olh 9bjej(y-hm):f+3 e cc4kbpf special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulatejl2t;zf)j xo5pfj6e 6 of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship mod +yfy;7l (kenving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed;eny+kd7 l(yf of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer *t p6i+*c2pcuc7c,f k ko*pac, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined fnoe+ , ff3ob9*r+uhhas $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a ge2:ubq1o tq*r/j+apspace ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, whp taq oj21q+u/:e rgb*ile the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obj )g l0nffzhrwa.i 54y,j8sbh 4ect

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction0ueez xj8yj/9d ojd 4yc5 l-7e parallel to its length with a velocity that approachdelz d yje8oc juj05-x/97ye4es the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paral 6lup hsn;a7 sno0,1jflel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velou 1 jospf;6nhs0nl ,a7city of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the pagu3p 2q-6tv4e esy.fqrticl-sf tg3eev p.qqu462y e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a partici 10/ki qdg;pvle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the par1kipi0 q/ v;dgticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown bygt gsx af, brinimo,5,/w. 3lzwd5w +2 you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its norm is+/5 td3fxrwwnl5oa iggm,, ,zw2.bal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy3ch5qrt 3h e6i of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dou6 hc hq3reit53bles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton 2a* ao:k ;myt4n4jcl9w.yw qvwhen its relativisti9y jtw.4a : ma*yc4n wo;vq2klc mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass o1 u fhu d:fp+;sv-9mc$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, eaclix/+mszq9 a zk+ a:i:h traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the lzii9/+kz+q: a:msa xSun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends sf yvs.)32p3x4fejug(8dp jl on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, yos3* .ohm) alpwu would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s i5ld0t2xeaywhrd 7 6h1n still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?h760hwdat5x rye2ld1

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thyz ):6lxmici 5e shore, does it move in a river that is fl5z:m)yi xcil6owing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spc0c **z2biipoeed, relative to the shore, doesc ib0 z2pcoi** it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving;+8y nvvs w6di clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at on ins wvd86y+;ve-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours m+lc 3w5k;fdh rao4-j 3f3gdsaccording to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth+l4;35gk-cd am jdff3r sow3h?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, arepkv)3kwq(ro9 nmaa6 yzo,.k3 e6gu.n initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), nya3ou6vp.o3qkgnk)9 ek 6 zm( .,wa rthen turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.v2mnez ;dw 2dgz 4/*9 xchnk:o80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earn2gdv4 /cmkxndw 92 :z*eho z;th-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a spnb0 ( sfuy(o(3-b(jpdl fc(oqeed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper le 3(b qlx7jdj*vngth (as observed (jj 73l dxbq*vby a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceshik1w.ief* v2sip travels by you with a speed oi.k *ewv1sif2f 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar systeml,mgc5 eo*e.j is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spacesmjcl ,*e o5e.ghip with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sxxwz 2*2;byixystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toz2yb ;xxw i*2xward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light y(vg3 d d8onf53srfu 6jears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?8sf3dujvfdong6r(5 3

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling y hgga332m 6uc4aq3zt at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if,wmvwp6u dj,.oy ; zg- /off)f its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6:4l9 ngnk1y ox c, then your mass will ignx49 nly1o:kncrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum injp mxyg5x+dr7v4ndwvn 2 f2(; $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an e, dkd alnfpi*.drr1n*upu; :2 lement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 k1,fgrphe t q5 (f6 vsey/h:fbxp3k1+dg of material was lost during a reactio6pb 3sh1fpv1 (gef : qkh5rfy+,dxe/ tn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rl 27gfm96v ./kek8zrbto1m.a0 x++k tuu n ztyest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,:q 4,c38q6sp2bgqh cgu5e uuh000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to qhe38cu2gu c4p b:6q,ushg5q energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is:a)mspmy 6t,9g3mlwe1. u xs lt,g j(y the speed of the proton?wtmts9l) a,x sl peuyjy6: m3g,gm1. (

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy.o/dv7qifo9: h1cu:j1cr p5l m What is the momentum1:lhor5u cioj/ 9fdc1pqm7 v: in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in which. 0kw pvze6rk0 q*;twk $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost o0n1 7prhox6 kt86tcwduring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0 6sht0c 6i/f1yqeh 0jx.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilor(: (hk( h mie2oz/*xyvxpi*ws .jh o-gram of mass from rest to a velocity o*xkixpoy:2*h h z h(-j.wivmse( ( r/of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, zk. x5fi.o ; .o* qq/siujkt1b$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through2iqo nc6 h(erjljzst,g4kmtx 7 n6.07 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respecn7ht ti,j (nc. o47e2m6qxs 0zj6lrgkt to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. (etz 6 rft-m, -no1hwj You measure the speed of light from 1t onwftr jh6(-ze-m, the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c reluq+b2 hl *wor1ative to the Earth. If the ships are headed dir+lh2oqu rw1 *bectly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a16st cs:bufp)8mq)r v speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of 8mbcsq u:) v prf)6t1sthe ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away oca9 5xo19apufrom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile w1oo5x99up c aaith a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the9hv4;81 vv3c 0xob. aycpspix Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measu8sv4 ac0yhcbvp.;vox91pi x3red by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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