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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means forj7 kxcv ;r564 dpy)dchx9e h9m you to o kdpemy 59 64v xc)c7h9;jhrxdbserve or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desigap2h vdo jmgn s(x1)49ned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment that5cv 96vsg xj)k71gulhv+ pz2l

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use thoq3jz4bm :)rce following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity ptn)48kh d3kx-g we (mcrinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptionspqv; g1)vgdh n 32.exu of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of speciala:onr fa;dv1tmo p/-5 relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of rel5a1f9 p -bm9drnvg-z tativity was th-ar mfb zpgv-t9951 dnat the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relab7mgoymz)1 vg( *mt d:tivity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate i4fm mo;c:k4yxf2 9 wvof special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spacena sw.mypte38 ierm0lf0/r( (ship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was(ayltr0fwr.pne s/m 30e( i8m

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a ff/2m poh4-rp93zbwc moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is define i:)k)l bslv4vzg)0b3 wr0qjid as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride bno qpq v54;o266vvo n4ev2kqrwge:3 in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back agao;vbkee6onv23q n62qg:rvwq4p ov 54 in, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationa leet/gjh2;2z0gt4-x 6f(x u os/upnfry observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directio2 9hl(0ska dczu3+f pmq k1ml)jfi1 *dn parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measufhpma9(20d z fcku1 3)+i d1 s*jqklmlred by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length wit54gjy-:co+um x:w mt ,l)l whkh a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary obserlwgl:m o+cx5u4 kj)mwy h:t-,ver,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle ;( qx51wk(6 pasfodwh approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particlekp qw dao(;x( 5hs6fw1

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the1 o (6n+u9khjca5jsy8l9kpnl para k( c9hysn 1kj659n+p8 jllouticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very hi:v.ff8 ju0mxa gh speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you cjf8fa 0.:vx muonclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its rk d 2s+xi5pf(p1uaxn;elativistic mass 2 xa5p1+xdi(p;nsufkdoubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when ita28m.ktf 6skt s relativistic mass d26 t8sm ftkk.aoubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle ofa xh jz4a6h(d5fwvmphmh)/ 97 mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line 0 o 0wk8/zwmkas0 */vfyrefhkz+5qp3 . Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science offf0pzs 0rymehq wv w 05a*f3/ /kkzko+8icers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer7qych 9c9)cmk/gtlhi)+gp)w 's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would obs oov /e(frtogw5f-1j+erve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in st0 nut -rrn777t2cs/tpmjgv;p ill water. With what speed, relative to the shor-p2mtn ;rs /v 07ujpn7rtt7gce, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Withoe,z.(j zu ka31cn1q e what speed, relative to the shore, doezu13 c n jzqa1,oeke(.s it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, r0ia1v ,vnj5lr elative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across thev,1r 0jlnavi5 river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a mo4j:ect+-rqz8;yc ctu e2te8 cving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary obstczct4cecje ur y; 8:e2t8+-qerver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a noujzd8q buzvf06 :6try9ki6 s: nstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed tui8v zrkj0qyd6z u69b:6:fs on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Co +w6igft)y3b *nw 7rryiv2k2 bw9a:j eurtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measkbni+wa t vrw637 )fy9:b ji r2yg*2ewured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a) kagu0 t6 v/+ljujn4i space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age ofu jal0jigv 6k+un /)4t the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its leiibonvw 4f:30 aeq)u /ngth?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move tt-1h:b 5kbjn v2b gl*1dn:fgj o contract to half of its proper length (as observed g2jk1gb db51t :nb fjv :nl*-hby a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m wom,4j frhn68e1q.rjbj ( 3v+gl3qo jyhen it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, wh3 q.,(o jl1r3b84v+ q6jfjoj h mnrgeyat length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ligheu.bh1e3 m.xba0 o x1zt years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space shib1u0bm. a e3e1.xxohzp travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to ob0*lbhh- 7:i2ttwc q eur solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Ear*ql hetbtc0b2:7hi -wth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar syst lo7mh8wtq.my y85gm;em is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spacesh 5l8q;.ym7mg yto8 hmwip with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass ioqptxbf+) pg50fm0d1fn6lt - ux lk.w tn*:4ps $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton zlmpr)y7e/4cgn 2sfg8hn-c4 if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0/cthk ng:+4 -rbua.fh .6 c, then your mass will increase /c: fk.ah ng4-utrb+ hby

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in6s i 21ag7l,o89kvbiei5xzy e $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lo ze;g3tu+l3lq ses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be rele b cw;gpu,a:ge:,u2mqased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactioa,2 e,upg gcb :w:qum;n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilokss(wgo 9f ;l/;2dz.4udi4( zbnad( 5 p paeaogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, hd. oaf3w3 u-ae)gt : uxzt3cv7elping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to73d).g uu a:tcx3ve taofw-z3 energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its .tc, 5lw3vhu3oafu) ztotal energy. What is the speed of the proton?,uh .o)a3z3f wtu5l vc

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its tote64wam7b0kr jw 6k1ical energy. What is the momentum i4ra7 ej kkwi60b wmc61n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactti-k3 xn23 fhuion in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duriinz. u vn-/v a*ho xvj3hu45(km1vs 1yng a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving witop3xcqug w )-0ba6r*xh a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accel0l lefyl:4lvv jn2c lw5ez: s 7x69e*gerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of2v* cv: 5nl9elf7e zwgylsl:0 jelx46 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 1j8 .alomxrf/0rtfv w891n h h$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. Byqy()nlr9* k be what factor has its mass increased with respect to it)k( n9by*lqre s rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed66vba qv g,;s ;o nii14d9uiwm of light from the Su1abv6n;m,94w i u;qo sgvi6din to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relat-xt( -oa.tkn p1 ;fqozive to the Earth. If the sa t(zpfn--k t;q1x.oohips are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c.pp)r9e jo6ddf+/7 f vu How fast would light travel from the headlights off 7r9pudd op/+e)v j6f the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Ecw.xi*ai2bsyb pf. : ,arth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on c baby. 2,siiwfpx :*.the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0q8tmrae0juc - fjq 1l4)(g f+/ue y+qx.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the ul )je1q m-y(eqg40+ qc /uffr8xjat+ Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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