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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has ) eybvro -f9r+no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. f 9er)byv o+r-What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experft fp1y (+bqh)+p:jxo iment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their eam6o n 4ah3cx2(r n;i*qpz2ucjpb47b xperiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following componen8j9 jez m)i)pcts:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity wiwwvahtv/,7e(xe jxi 58ik u*c x1/0principle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable asb: .yusl6n1txsumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relatijlll2 d,it+l9vity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special th jl,j : i:v-jfq w5az/p y/xlpe(*iss0eory of relativity was tj/-,z/fpwe(: lli5yq0aisvxp :* jsj hat the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of sp k4- +l/ exkv8krpwekf6y0e,v bh mh63ecial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativity ,rqg4 nf1.o;b;el d 87slq 2rseiy:xx.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your.l c 3hbew +ohxoox27+ pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speoxhehw+oc 7+.3b2xo l ed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movingw4 ,fn5k nwv2 0rb)rjr clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defio)gdnq2*bwqmul6 : parsfg788c0n l:ned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a veryngbnn 81zz98,l;eyo y high speed to a distant star and back again, whilenz;b1enyl8 o 8y,gzn9 the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationar b0 w zyztfyr,9/ +o4w0ok)fmoy observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocitq n9nnkf .cjsje).+:k y that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary k).sj :n qnf.jeckn9+ observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paralnj8t . c99 igwg):uigzlel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measur).9n : w9gczgjgiut i8ed by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lightu52panzd6 bc:z:c47u 7ihkk f , the mass of the particl4k7nhzd5:2: b ucaizucf7 k6p e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mop ss ywb.ez-7ic8*x; gmentum of the particle*pws egcx .s;8b ziy7-

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you meas-1gf i4p5nqkd kn sljs k0y)vnn68 q( -sk5i4dure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear5plskkf 8ig4s- dkvd( yq)jq s1nn45n6k-n 0i's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton71goyfh og3+ g when its relativistic mass do3hy g+go 17ofgubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the b pofo 30m7xi0total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mx3 ib0f0op7omass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle 4x1)noj(ik dzsr.9paxql i, k*ka :h, z6:d cuof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships8sv 4q +kma fe6scy2i(nd uxz1.do: 2l, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming q84z(i1.nvsxlu:doda2fky6 e+m 2 scfrom the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the ;6k+o:cr,lyrp :(6jh vlgcce observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wou vl co 17 qz/tp*co7e,nir8uo7r8 xa9rld observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With:qv.gu:vx.x5w1heti s im6z7 what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowingm wz1:v tx.5gq.eu:6hxii7vs at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shorgtjs4 -6fa/ n/. (ido56tjdbndxgw 6de, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstreagdwbfx.6gsj 5n6(tn o6// 4 -dajtiddm?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spexdv8psu kq( g1qr9,3ppk33zx ed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the rivesr3g xq3zx9uk8ppv kp,d3(1 qr?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a sta6is1py h q39dptionary observer as running at one-half its normal pq pis3 y6d91hrate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours accordinle38erbel 5z1g to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on thee8el zl5ebr31 Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Couz8:i s+c hlit*4 rfj;ub4) rwhrtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. wb 4+cj ru4zir 8i)tl*h;f:hs How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother v ih06rclj ,jdqs9w5a;3rp m 8takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of 6rjpcdvs;,raij5 q98 wm0h3l the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward youzs jzb*rrkz 1;o,(pd/-fi(sr with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket shi 5*r wghim(j*ip have to move to contract to half of its proper lengthiiw * (mjg5*hr (as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship isi( oi brha1 :21n-dicc 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you? bin:-(h icoi211card

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lixtx)my; es6a. kr31 yeght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What di axr1);xy63.e t syekmstance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light3v7g+bnab s3 i years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How muc3bgbsn3i+a v7h time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solarbq74aear3pr4o w )s+ ,/qnxcm system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speedan)o mw4p qcr+seb/3r47,qx a of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is o(/ d+wt nf( /riz ykce,n4;gkits mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a protob0 +6prd6v7m5ask a kxn if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of you-bbpbb;oh pd-uby(m6*p tg// run. y( r spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increa/(bmbth6ppd u(pbrg-ub ;.yob -* yn/se by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in kv* b:u3 a,7ao ji9 6roxknc4s$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element (d ibus sgzgy*6 (/3ifloses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of ma*wz o95dts2 :vv5prfdwt xm01 terial was lost during a reaction?:f9 5 1vs trww50t*vxz d2domp

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of 1wfo +tmg1jnuf, 7i(o mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,00 w*.ent2 ac)lg0 people, helping to2 g*l)ct.e naw end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a protbpvr 2i-h2z;r f v0/fjon is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of2 r-r jfpvz20;bi/vfh the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a prot uutee; ll:)c1a;fhw; on is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum lt;; e cawf1ule;hu): in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whichh61vntp:-m s.iof fj. $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a 1ryu9+h/ ea1/s)id akfst ab1reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of a38 jhhu rtc3a on t5;c*.mgeaa :qas,5n electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requi xsc j86w*d8pvz-xf cca 1u )r-c54ezdred to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to zxdz -)c4-c*vw5puxr j8 c61 feacd8s a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, w8g3+ ripivr0$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated througipz4.n e:0 zqr3ojq yho+v55th 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its r.vtiq 0:yoh+zzpq4en 55 rjo3est mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket travelinggnsq l0vrmkf zju;j;u, 1z:84 away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to bqmv jzl, sr8u n;g:14fuj0z; ke

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0 ov5a47n /: y-nrfjtkq.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what iq47:kfnt/r-ja ynv 5 os their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light trag zgd*nqltp bh:4 spmit9:v2,r;-al. vel from the headlights of t*9a4 :p2mg,.l ghinl- qbr: ;pttszdvhe ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a/kj2-yb 5fml:bpzg) m speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired )bjlmkyg -/z pmf25b:away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 05a.j 1nm4qclv4ku b4g.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth inj.k amq44vu1l5 b g4cf the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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