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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that hasfb2 x4+iqp ,w7tl2eyh5s l7ev no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You w5i 2e,elvfxq+ 74l phsty27bw ish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desiinvl,7p) kcin4fe j+7gned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimentw1.bb5, d zcix3ghbez2+ p5br9ioz2x that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the fx0pjx:n z4f-4j f1kh b1ayy3 mollowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princip bjb/qvd2 r4uoq/4y/ jle.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable 62zaxrnok n4 s.eyq ,+assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativik ga y;0 3wv,0lihzs/mty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in folw(gqb n tw, r9+p.u1xrmulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the xbw pl1g 9qu.tn+(w,rsame in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate ofd;gz4-(ln-fut 2dv o v special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativit pwy*.y08eouy+5np- :o ow qr(j kcss+y.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a .kz n7cxnv9;z spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you wovz 7k.nx;cnz9uld find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obseu/y25:a cp: (utmwun wrver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is def j;5ouz3 6skmcnx*,dzb7vy a) ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high s 0h+9vugdms d-:jn.qc8 z (ileb /o 4+n3furhepeed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts b/:nc -v gde(qjfsuzrnue8m4 d3i h0.h+l o+9 that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movi;dzglgx bu3co r5oqam*;6 :5 qng object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallexo98r7 vmg u -z(n6zos-n+ xvwl to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationarw-vvzm or(9s 6 nzu8xo g7n-+xy observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to v:*ex:i, .y z -y4axn k12ls 3etozuhhits length with a velocity that approachy 1 ,xi 4zz 3t*ehlahkxsn-vu:.eoy:2 es the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a par,7(cnule 0s ajt8ygn/ticle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the partice snja, ngul0t8 y7/(cle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of ligi9fnx+i4q686wj m jxc ht, the momentum of the parti fi8n4mqjxwx6i9+6 jccle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a3ns 6pn*cw. o9wns 6cbile0z * very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moviw9p bisw* ls on.3n0e6cz*6cnng spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energd0x-ycidn t(mltz85hwef -jm(1 0b*ry of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doub*dr0ej5c(tf-1z ywt- ind m b80l (hxmles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energxfx sr/bv)t*ky.m(m; y of a speedy proton when its relativistic massx. s*k fvm)y(m/tx b;r doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of3-osv k86gfey9 . xocl mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight cy7;/qcf 6k8d(uvc urline. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming f/dc;7q6vk cuf c (r8uyrom the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the obsecpx1hc -lzzj 7k;pn -1ypkf z b1(qc;wwm3.6b rver's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of youcg;*f+)c)ck/yozp.eb a ej w( r spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, r)qv3-0--oew .mhy d -zctwpr m iej,-aelative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is hermq3o.w-- w,cpaeh)z yit jde -0-v m-ading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, red (;vdze6tqp; lative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 mtq;pezd;(6 vd /s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed5;fi)c1 sc ;sy lkj9u1+uqaxl8i rn*b, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if)j* c;a1q5 ib n ksslx1c89y;+li uufr the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to bwd ;e2nq;y dp.e observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its nd2p. e;d wnqy;ormal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plhit3j;hv 4b8 :iqeack4v9u/1ey 5 wfsanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceshiph we/ivj4 9 th1 :sc 4bfv8eaqk5;3yui. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courxf +f* pizj.s-tney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed j -. sixf+pz*fof 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a sb9jd6p th w(e7peed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clockh w7dt6je 9b(p on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.8u/xbbl 97sock13 tm ;)q: ah-qcww4ug0c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship havi k9 l+mkics5-1sv +34jgyjove to move to contract to half of its proper length (as obserj+ 9j3mi5klosy s-g+ 4ivckv1 ved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If th :q *fc clf*tv7u8qus4m(t7q)acfa,fe spaceship travels by you with a u,*m7t(cf8af7* u:sqf q )l f4atqc vcspeed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cec0-arkkkz);x* 6s,b kwy -j plntauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relat-x*jrbywp c0-ak)s6;klz k,k ive to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light ye ,czg km-7uvb,ars away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. uz b,c7g-m,vk How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 li .(yhl5i:dphwiw/ 2xl ght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much ti. ihdw 2 whx/ll:(iyp5me would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rh4l. lwv1 7j8jl 0kpxme5ycp;est mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice it9n 7rfd bw gxd-2w2x+cs rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, theo 12jf j5x1nw4zrt 8dmn your mass will increase bjtmnz15 8d rfo jwx142y

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumg,/:xyc lwj;q sgc;v0 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elev4f+bpwtr 36nf6rk:a c 157+j ;nzjgklg as( wment loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materia4ms f rv +(1ec.ldgx-cl was lost during a reactiocdemrc.+gf s lx1(v -4n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram p;l,vc7z-o 4 sfqj0vkof mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,0txzf en3;t0zb;e) d(f 6d; eei00 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNTe;i;e3ftdz b; x)0z6t (dnefe explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed 8g8 byz/qtzlg4,di 8 vof the proto8,g4vzz /l qy bit88dgn?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total ene20d:d65 + x9xsd/ m5kamooph5jpyouz rgy. What is the momentum o5u dp0h:m p/x+ y59 sz6m2a oodx5kdjin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during :ybs3t x1ei(xbhs3 gyxm:r+p f08k1w a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duringa7q9gfj55d1h/rwjzawhe .9z a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with aohp*,i1 fvt8yy o/ok -i5a h5b speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate onep2/f: wz 0 r)tnu0oml* ynplz1 kilogram of mass from rest to )z:*yt0/ln21rzolpw fupn0m a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, hot1 7tx:p r)s2ivp2m$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass/*g vp*ve1in1 vbp- ft increased with respect to its r* 1vv* penbivftp1g/- est mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun ff)7: ddoz je sdj;(9fat 0.95c. You measure the speed)f(f 7o fsjzj d9ded:; of light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space ai2oog;r1 8hc lt 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are head8gho2o lc1ri; ed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling n 2 *h-atu9h bwkuloga3i(t) )n0v ig)with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative u*a)a )b h-n32gi loht(nutvw0i gk)9to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the oz5;3f ;pba frEarth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of;;rfpz3b o5a f the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. uq, m 5p /ptneqw3j:w0The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the ve5wq uwt3 qjmp,n0 :pe/locity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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