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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or othe qs n3uw0y 0nzm*0m8+m2zy gj,gtid*pr means for you to observe or measure what is outside.n+umy j0miwgq py *0mst2d3n8 ,0*gzz You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experas-/j lbakuuh-1y33 eiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experimenx m0i,lp1bt13e h;zxq o (qjh,t that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following components:mbcfn;uw:hk h+c8kyqv ,d0e97fbv 6*

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princ1mx7ojl yzyqy;1x u t+0xs4v, iple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity5fnudfsv*/5vf. q3d x .
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativityooj 1xfjeebiy8 g5f3 o82l* a)

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postzdjfog;sgg)8tm 2)+nimlp,:ly nb7 4ulates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of phd iys+mzgl lg78; 4)jo,p2):tf gm nbnysics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of speci +ipyi*y7:cig al relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special rmcbywxe)o74q, ywrgk58 a 5m* elativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving awahn, bppqee75,u e)(xyy from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it waseq pybn) x(p,he5u7,e

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observew4 lm/,yz-cx 3qsu t9z dy*uz;r, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is d hws)db2 bxgba xl5/+9efined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high spe9oi1y6y 3fs/l3zpq maed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts zf93o6lyp msy/ 3i1qa that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary oba afo2y)kd;f +server, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity thx7xm i(fn/9ey at approaches the velocity of light. The widt e97mxiyxf/n (h of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a veloci zyta0ug:( nl(ty that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary obse(l(zgt0u an:yrver,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of li(sh 6+um, vn fbna6yrd;vkdr;6ny ;1m ght, the mass of the partic+fh; d6vvu1;r6 ny; , yr(6sdan bmkmnle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of th4yn,sc*snxm+lu c;8 hu0sq 9se parti ; s9s80u mcsn4+ycqsh, x*lnucle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its l0x: j4bwr1x6 pied n-yength at one-half its normal length. From this measuremenbenx:0ir- w1j dy46 pxt, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton w):mtk,w1f ns when its relativistic mass doublekn s)mf 1t,w:ws?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistws4(r (ngh8fw py7hc* ic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic ms(h 7(w4yfc8r gh*w pnass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle )7cxl-3c(3hosni7 cbj : xui eof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.c*ln )ai1v :v7r;ljdj50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on elvri n7 ;:jclja *d1v)ach ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of re5mp/eio5li 2i 9rg 2caference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incr18*lvke9 x)zf4xclqkcm0x:va 5bc6 oeases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to tta+d zmbz9jo7 ii8byhqt 28 31he shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s y1 zt+ 93aq2itb7 mod 8izj8hbif the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stilhjjp(3 ulisns7s4sn3fgxm j8:-;q/ul water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the:/qj s-sf jsup;4nhs3 (i 3ngm8 7ujxl boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With -h: on flt,dc0what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1:0ht,fnd - loc.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obd 93h/cbq3 czoserved by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal do/3c chz9qb 3rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop jdq8d qqro k:q*/tn*1 rourney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elarnd*qr :8dq* qtk o1/qpsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea anmp41 yoip1z :dd Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns aroundo:11my4 i zppd and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0q0l(lw qe0k2+frrel ) .80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-base) ll(0r weq+2lkqfe 0rd twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed ofi6gyjrf p47 dp irgp/u(4-ax 4 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contraczstfpp1m e4bla+dzt f/0,gc +6uc7y ,t to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary obfcd y tzp+6 m0,zg+tfu/c1a, lesb4p7ject)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it *xg2laty r8xk9. /drt is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it ap ydat2tk xx*l/98gr r.pear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauriczjk.f* yw.e3 o:3 j97-bew7xp nsz jb, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a pa7zbw7sk zo3ejy:x. wb3. cjpn-f*ej 9ssenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauz(82rjuc-l wy-ujn7 mri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travey nw7ml8u2ru-zcj(j -ls toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which isl,;mjq+ ;j4rg:qoooop )s 6s t 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relajq osgo ,l o;:4)6jro;pq+stm tive to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mdd.irs3;7o7km mdcxf)v:s - p -s4 n0iin rea5ass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice i f09zm2pmgq kh0,k:l xts rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spacesh-ehpm2 vm6t i +/cszu-ip goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increem-c/z-u siv6m 2+ thpase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ii4 sfoi.sj zd)q, 32slqk0yv-n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, anrzq *8:zb: otsd2i,fe element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was zh9n; vup9ho;lost during a reactiov phounh; 9;z9n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent yx rhxj1vwaryw+1b2, 7i)nh2to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasakwlu5.r4zui(v j2f *md i in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivif.vd um5 (u42*lr wjzalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy.907l ynwe-multr-vg u9:wc8 d What is the speed of ttcd m -vyw:r7u9l0wg- l e8u9nhe proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the mome g,g5fuc w jev 2u:0)vr/ecjw+ntum in5+wg cueve2 : r) 0ujc,gf/vjw $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in which/f)5 xu)zpe0j pw 4fqj $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost du- ,mw+n3b yftv5 b oaw y 2m8wjaut*2xg,2lsh8ring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of 4qhn9aduzzp7q l 266l6hv5nuan electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of ene+ilaa kc5* kjs04g6clrgy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velca g 4*s kalj0l5ck+i6ocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, : -jnalq2v,zr$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV+.:gmwob - -kn5xvn i2vau9vr . By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest ak oxnb5+rgnmv:2.-- 9wvuv imass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket travelingg (()0,.cwdd me l.myax*nkg j away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light fr. (cldka(gnegx0*m jd.)my w,om the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at ;68hmt1-tlw3 msjaa jt lby2 80.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on e6 sbm18t8;-jm2 alh jttyaw 3lither craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light tr8)8qr(d n;hap p1hqvlwf aq*(avel from t(*d)8qpav q1a;rlwf8hh ( pqnhe headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. *n8f0pu4tcpthv4 rjq+v 29v xi/mh .bThe spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earttb+ vcr 0v/4 .hqhp v8x9i42f tmpnu*jh if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fn*tut446i jx qrom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earthxujin tt6*4q4 if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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