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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceshipp//ihh cj* ld,l7 )afzd id0j1 that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant vezp)f1dj,j7da 0lilhc/ihd / *locity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed tooi1m+8ot *df w measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resuq7/ iog5*w6(3rljjzyku 6 uzksp)9y llts of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following comp6he ,6/ioodo,dxz26eb yz* l tonents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlexc rh3qj5 9d4c;)+ilzob h r4c.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumpti3n u 5c ptk (m*ncx wm:2o+q(tvhl5bk9ons of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativite4ep)xqy 00(8yi 7hzof np*hky

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulativyyv 1) f9pj-zgbv /2mn4 1,im: rnnrbng the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference 2v nmnrvyv,1:z9n ) b m4g-/jbp iyf1rframes that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of spqc1p6o6c(z7i wma*n xecial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relatm .ky4g res,r.ivity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship mm.j0qazh8h98:w ut aaoving away from the Sun at a spema8 th80.zw9:ua jha qed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movinmkk0l auco/+ 2v1/ewmm ,7l qug clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined o8n*/izdw(isd6 )tsyas $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takj iy/j-ai cd-7es a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin /a-y dc7jij-i is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observecls,q;/ *s. v3mgihwx r, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to it76)x:0;s yks6zs r xxpf6v)c cxdfm*ls length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary o sxs;vxc s 6mr0y)zl:c 66)7x fp*dfxkbserver,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction p(g ;kv hvz.210qvjrg9k8 ,i-ufrlgne arallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary obszn,kf(8revq g.kilv- v uj102;hggr 9erver,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, tv p5xom6z9-g+o7hh i phe mass of the particohgho p v7 p9-6+zi5xmle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a partr yjqr8/q0;qq icle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the parti8q;q0r/r qqj ycle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure4m5 .m.aefrb0rgfjx - its length at one-half its normal length. From thbam5rmx-04f j. .gfr eis measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy p9xag/4gex93 l l2sgoproton when its relativistic mass doubleeg pox s/9l3l4gx2a9gs?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton7 huuu 0ze0h02spvlp; when its relativistic mass doublu7hlz pu00huvs 2; 0pees?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass us9qjwh +ozv84o+ l1p$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, ea)p dw yx,zq*o)pv q;1zch traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure forz)q y )p;xp*dvzw1q ,o this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followijkh n7xdp*7 ;-kiqq r1/ttfpx*/ l:kung depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spacesa;x-w;ub22osaj2 77zom1ylku pjta 8) l lzu7 hip increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative t*ht7(.h gupv mzc7q k(o the shore, does it move in a river that is fvtc(hh7 m *gku.(qp z7lowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in 4v5np flt+os4hw;d 5f still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heatpvw;s5f 5o f4l+dh4nding downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the s cu, 7(/hbon0tptav (uhore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1tt/ou(cphv(0n uab7, .0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationaro 7v6y tue+(hhn;:rao8 gym.dy observer as running 7y :t+ovr(noue.y6h;mhg8 a dat one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop j am lhe;i9p z:fc7bs+(ourney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elhip;c la:b7 zmf(s+9e apsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are iniasubuwe (htbn jtlx52;+;5 /i tially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on bje2/i lu5;ntw;sx (th ua5b +a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spz0b)d cn* -./en6 xiyqtrk,lzut94e tace trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according ton6 yxud /,q it*el)z e09c znr.4-ktbt a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. Wv) mhguh;z.05 8ozn bhhat is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper l vr(9d+ak)u uwe q,hrqd lx)33ength (as observ u9evar)l)3 ,qxd+ whdur (qk3ed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship t, 6x p5uk5d1k pq5l(pmule/h fravels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appea5q/l p6d1u, 5pkxe5 u(klmphfr to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our sol4k :e q,fmvq3yar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does th34 f:qe ,qmvkye space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which isd rb95gvlj07c ,och+ t 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800 +v0gchl 7dor,59bt cjc relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 x- hboez ci8u:yt*u (hg(bx,/light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.8- 8/ixx zby:uch(t*uehgo(b ,00c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass -d/ ihm3zaq t5y7+yhtun qzg9ec ny.cl.o/33? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice ituqwi-wx m2r: 63ap(i ts rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your wbrt0)t rof -7s+exj) spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase frt -0tes7ow br)xj)+by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum inssyq hl1l/ nfhc h f39ka5k:n*5s0 u,q $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an el v5 /flym3-s hqvkn26iement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy woulrt y;vvk4)am v -9ua,p fhdh/+6hi nd4d be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactionn-h+9r,dv44fkaa/h ;m)pv tdhui 6 vy?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest /9 :yn.ypapv lm)d- lqis

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,0j8ocf000*2 phn gef sjr2mc4p 00 people, helping to end Worldoc8e g p2mj 24fjs*000nhc rfp War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the sv*9gr-(.)hz f c opgzypeed of the proton*v r9pzoch-g ) y(gfz.?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80q0 f d*k8m8x8q(vj.vkcr ys5w% of its total energy. What is the momentum i 5r*(c0d .j8qv skmq8w8fyvkxn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in :zt i8b+gxah,y-/yk2 ib *;l 1tgbxeswhich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reu:r d orw k fv k7(ks.de4(pjjp-1+xm:action in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c o4ct0 -jo8o sp:to1qlcs2w,o?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilo ; k m5r fb),v+nzp66kfoh8hbtgram of mass from rest to a vet kk5 hfmhnp6,r;8bf+boz )v6locity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, (bb.u( yzc s.85t7i;fqdqh 87w hrkbj$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its masigr/ og 7fe, (n(ut4yxs increased with respen(7f4/i ,uytg oxre(gct to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the + f81z rques(h2ttit8pe)0htmn*6 kl9z src)speed of light from the Sun to be*isr9kcf)th62+ 0hum(rte zq)zn8 p 1telt s8

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth.:p2pjsr bhp03m3 ux z2 If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, :zphujxs2 r2b0m p33pas measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed odeqtz tbux4mo ;n)b:-3 5kd2pf 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headli;4bke 2d5b poz):mqxttu -3dnghts of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a sp ;)ai+i mwkk5need of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. Whm;+k) 5niwk aiat is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth witl1;/w7hrowwc yb(x x )h a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then wow1(x lcr7/yhxb; )wfires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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