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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, i7(/g u6iodtjtp:xah5 k5b g: radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant ve iua6:ptoh7d5 igjg x(b tk5:/locity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experimentj*emqar1vo vdc*o-*u 0iu 8xj( gq 45g was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their exp: xno- 19q.-rjkh,kuiu3soxzeriment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yor2nr- exk0 r-ourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princupr0o ikvxy xyw9(/ ;9iple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovablej.knb *ulkwt4a6h x 8/ assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativi9(yq6i ov: cxbty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates k2*+ +voy uhxr+vyo s dp*n;8pin formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in refere*v+h*vn u y82opo+pdx+ r;syknce frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of spe. j6.;xj 0:hx yshbsggcial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special rsyziq ,0a,i3 i-k ewg4elativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse ratonjw rwxbhv v9fthv8* /9: 28ue while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find 9h8w 2vvvbun9oh:w t*f8x /rjthat it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observeekx..um(ss)xmbi y+ :r, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is demgb 83qy/ .gptfined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin tak5k a+m;x m*ymm68n sljnwf9u6es a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other tmmf8la9sm6+ kmu wx65n;y *nj win remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movintj ig;mf hr2u30 js+7vg object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallelpl55 jqsh15sw to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of ql sps5155wjh this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its le *1nwa7tjxb (bngth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a sxj7nw(*a1t b btationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the particox )x+ :sngl0ixsi)xl:o 0 g+nle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle e(k isxl mqj- :soh2;6approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the partiohkj i(ms;-x 6:qel2 scle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, s v , v)fv o7z+yxlsnk 6i(g-:q..ysffyou measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the movinsf )(sv:, .y7 +ogfyx.n ivl v6fzs-qkg spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its rela *kabylk-+ ge(tivistic mass lgk+a-k ye* b(doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when itsgi/kk3pas ; pcp0i:l6 relativist6k/a pg0pkcli3;is:p ic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass fw 4qw/+kv v b4+n c.dc 5uyz+tkgxz..$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight lxec(r c wsq(;r0(a:xh ine. Ship A is moving:xexca0rh; ((( wqr cs directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's o)yhl 2yom nu2s5ia ))frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your s i tt*.g0:xfutu(e *rmpaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wh)666 na :nzkbu,triuwat speed, relative to the shore, does it k :awuuin,6n66 z)trbmove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the*vrv,tx1 b a,ctms::v shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is headirvt*,: bt:av v1cm,sx ng downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s i k)ie)sdcb t6w17pq5q*v ml 1qn still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in 1cv7qpqw6lsi) k5t qd*m1b e)a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it iil42z omfuv* /s to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normalvf*zu om 24/li rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nocd*qmujd) h))vc3q/q nstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours accordinj ))vud)qqmd 3*/qc hcg to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea aob,om(c+tvk hz;g 0((5yyh udnd Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed o(tvm( ,uok hh(bg; c0d+5yyzo f 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin bb sb5g(.m;xzii/4( jezcw z+prother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the agip 5s( ezz(b;cb jx.4m/+wzige of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is 7ty2tslqey81 +i z8xq.,apiwits length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship71xb5ff n yy+j.jsqa. have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by1+j . sjqb75ay. xfnyf a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travelqp ws*6pj6o5j s by you with a speed of 0.70c, j* 6o5p wqsp6jwhat length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauricq ti6.18yz*aw yxmjrxuj 91+, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on thetcx811ryz. *9ijy+ 6jxau qwm ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system1 bht9ka4 anbgg5r3 mir+lr.2 is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c r+2bn 4 a5gm3. a1lr9rhrikg btelative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is A3p(*i. v ysyg0s5lxswlpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. sy.(w*5 yl3 svg0 isxpA spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its ma(b edtbg7 2u-oss? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of *n0.im))iq e)cmti)g5 oce lo a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass.u1** 48shey xzixgm rmg 8+nb will incre yx *+bg.8hxg *mn zu4ms1re8iase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum injb)q j6-/u ;ks/ekvxh $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an ehp97ez) um colmr7x if5y4/8alement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of ,2 fiym8ct:ai ai8n ha -.s 69rmgfwh7na;fo2material was lost during a reaction? wa7onmn:f88f.a6gt amihfs2rac9, ii- h 2;y

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass 25),.l9ytdsys y+oxdyvl b(gat rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki ;z nb+x/nrww+m02,mum qjo;x in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II rqnn0;zoj2wmm+ uxw,+mb/;xon the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a .wn4g s cre a7k3 5j-lfzbzu by+9w7.6:xnddeproton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the pr dzuc dx j g7bw.-.w5 n4re9+3ena7lysz6bk:foton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the mov-f5)as8ssuurpv3r z:qz7joc;z d b+8 25 nvfmentumv5zas2r jcffuou8 5 +sp:qzbv3 s;z 8)v7dr-n in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeVqbck/ziwp,9.w tg 0 8s) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whichr: a 5wee,crm dg*ps+5 $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron mo(g3zlvbfs o1ma-st88(l l p)yving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of masstza.n 7m)w ;hd5hqo -y from rest to a velocity of 0.866 ;5aqhtw7nm.h zy o)d -c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, zxr.l4iy g 83vv4fgx 8$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increa-nkq/z:yto p1iovp* :d5/y hgsed with res-n/5/: gzopy vtk*iy1o: dqphpect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the (/ bxkju. 6xfmspeed of ligh xu.b6/(mjk fxt from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spacpk inj:yf qf, x1+9:bre at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what isri9bnk,q fjp: f +xy:1 their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast woul-f,wvjk 8 pxwa9i1c6d,t1k t od light travel from the headlights of the wpd1, 6 9w-fixc,aktv81tkjo ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed oqgb/+))e kg/0pdbs wz f 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of th pd+s0/w)eb )gkgzq/ be missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Thobx.ug x. *rg9e spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Erxgx. ou9gb*. arth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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