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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, obxh1*x eb:. cmr other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. x:b*m. bx1hec You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designedk8an ow -rw-s2 to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the result2j v(n6 fubc;3dj*ks ms of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use 3cat,+ 5(h7iy bt7qhnzpqxk xka q405the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity p0e2qesnm zh -)rinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.lyy 9j-kb bu72
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specia9y kx7* odue c9ahbk;,l relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativitrbcko07 f ))eey was thk rb7)c)eof 0eat the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativi 12 bq1*qefw rc5mu3tyty.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of sp9-uhgy7 vkl;iecial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship mov v9ob;j, vv /x3+nudvsing away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find t b/vv;+ 9jvux,vn3o dshat it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obsertjng -y+mpiuz - y4k57ver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is d+jy.xoof fn v9yi -9d1efined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling a 0 tp,3gztef s3 ;n(::m*0bryf yrotpat a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin thabs r3y0ppa rm:0nzo*e,g; t ( 3:yffttt remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecxq w/qsx:y6p7 b7)dttem3-c et

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that y h6o2 euc jv151*lbdyapproaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as cle6ybvu 25y *1dh1ojmeasured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel toxm4eybx2+m 94a6(1 ebks3bb2ysrf u a its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this objsey ax2m3bu6+4b9frb2 4ymbxs1kae ( ect, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass azcqv/(l wyeh;)( :rjk ),pvfof the particleefy(/lw j:v,c) )k;( vp zraqh

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approjb,u h: ni:u)8 7.9irre rbsxmaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particl,xibrn8 7 j:h:u.9rbesruim ) e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at g9-t p5toi6xh, ujtzx)43i 9bm 5upn ca very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that thecnou9i4pp59z3ji-x6 b)m u 5g xht,tt moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativisthwzrz4oi :t;cv 3/:sy ic mass do34zoic:y;: vz srwht/ ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the totgi/k8;m1jw h 1nk2ycnal relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativisticc; gknkj8wmn1ih /12y mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle op8m-yvv:k q xeg wa;bzdo8h au,6/l5 /f mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight lx1 dmslox 04+hkfy3h8ine. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the vyhsd x3mh04+lx1k8f oelocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observerx 5xr.6: ( efsan2vajx's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you h/63 f5ynxucg would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With wh-anzp at/ h2j8at speed, relative to the shore, does it move i a8za pjh2nt-/n a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the s ximvq+qk1e( 5hore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boa+5i(1xqeqm k vt is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wiis(+5p vby6f2h*eo )o0iq d y k7chqz)th what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the hb) e)o*i0 dpoh+z kq(yqs c56yifv2 7boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationaqmbld(eyk)v, k8 m9s9 u)i.afry observeab m)q) 8kmi, lu kf(syd.99ver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop z,0ny 7pbc*p (4 eg(r oprm*hgjourney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to hr07( o,e*mrppzpygcn(4gb *a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Whirf)xw 3e0r.1mjqwz n 0le Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her retur.013fwer r 0w)xznmqj n?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip -i.rvgx4q (5hh yem5e with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to theyh5ve4qi e-mh5(.xg r Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c.h75(t d pwntu6 What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of y6 duw)lzpw. x cy7t.p 6;qfn/its proper length (as ob;qyz 6 utc/)w6.xywpnd.fl 7pserved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 mh8+4y +:( q.wizfbbc kpa m*se when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed s.:8fbc ym+bq+k4 p*e(h awizof 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our so l)5ya.-;xjficmh o8y lar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth ta.mc8;jyyi 5hxf -lo )ravels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is A; tt/li4a(aadfh9vv7 s 0/m krlpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative t a;kav4r79alfmt/hs i/(0dt v o the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system ddi vs(94bf v67naw0b lh3c7a b(se n5is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a const9(n 65vi ls7c3 f(h4n s7b0bdwveabd aant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its 1m yjtordkeyy/tpnebo61 e,9 -q0;azfj61q ( mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rexrppd(if-9joo, xut6a(6 6q y3oo0g i st mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fotu(msj(wr2 )ol9;u urom 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incr2(to )wuo;uu9jsr m(l ease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in :j-z/; ossgdw $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemejsv x3zvin+(l9kk.*n nt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy woul/xyy 5i1akc *id be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti/* y ia5cyki1xon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rede y*pjc6; ku2p 5s9 4jwz.6ofeewv2 yst is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that wa+ v k sl6m+:oae bw)tw05mwuqf4y/g2w s dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this ta0u )mlew:s+q6btg2 kw+mo/wf 54 v ywook place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total hb:yu0h z9olb+yk,, d;*+pi0 bd gvvdenergy. What is the speed of thehoubdyzd;bki+9ydp+v h,,: lgvb *00 proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total end g2 h ,m5kw7zq59qqn)g: p2ovca+fma ergy. What is the momentum in 7)5d,gkfo9awqm+ nhgq2m2 v z cp5: aq$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (inh/a7g bmlua yj;9 bhbt23tu ,) MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost d st o7vu chf13yjsg73 ai;lz77g5 3qcvuring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a spetx ,eyz gy*;+eed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required zd.lg bu(w0r a9 ureuy+zsf/7et .zuy 9-pe .2to accelerate one kilogram of mass from restweuu+/9zt yse.d r zr( ul.7. -20a9gpuyfezb to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, n n;q ,nnfq69w ;kg*oe$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has itudaz0 m 2rz*8ss mass increased with respect to ia0zz*m2ru8ds ts rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket travel0 wd7 o(,x ,goq ylh21cfx8otu-urg7wing away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light 80x u crhg2 twqolofu(odx7-7,,1gwyfrom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through spap-r*w67as,,4up k u ntvp mfi9ce at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward eakp,vrmw 46t*fnp9-up 7 suia, ch other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speem9dq j s2 b66gnod*0urd of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of thd go n6s2qb0ujr96md*e ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from to0/ ,t(mc,w ;nixbc szhe Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of c/,wmxz;(t s ,ibn0oc the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c.8mqr8rpzp72 dqc 3-sr The spaceship then fires a missi2mpqz8c -pq83srr7dr le with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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