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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spacesh:jl82q c5x 6j7.uhm*ys6w ttmno6mlk ip that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at kxmy.u 6qhll2cw6: j m8o5mjst76 *tn constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measur0lxe a nm513guxwo))re

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment -gw*d 73o: ggnbnuat;that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer your l+km+ m eoe3ps7.6m4sdu8t czself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlefc; kjd 7llhx8dix,h *dj w*mt78)5ix.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable asat8y;ds h/tuy0l,ny 0sumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativikemv0( eygy+he 2s 0 bw1cby25ty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relatg. u0ld4o/j ppivity was that the laws of physics are the s0lud .4p goj/pame in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postuab/ocl .muu l o85dlf 6o39+pwlate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relata m. tiea e1i-0yb)-ijivity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate whi (,e3jp8 bpkjole in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the spee8j, pbpj 3o(ekd of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving cloh0uhm 0ar)t9pck

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined alg t, c57gt9rxs $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship t8 v7f71,nn 8vsspeeojraveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin thje 718s7nve8 fs ,ponvat remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obfmlbj r2rpfc(y+8yh6w c*s:* ject

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity2f xr bz()ngv+c;4cwu that approaches the velocity of )bvgunz ;(r +cfwc2x4light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a di8kmp 1g h-a/e k17wwobrection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observhmpk o/8-ba e k17ww1ger,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaqzrzf 5 o;vkywkbb).:;6uf g(ches the speed of light, the mass of the particlebzkzy;)vowbrgf.;f5q6 k u:(

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the paex9 (n .wfnp i/eeq(f6 r+cb/arti.x nbwap6/(cie (fn9+/fr eeq cle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As wsg:8pow ; ;ja7poi ig3usk;, it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass muss78ipkous gj,a; w ;;wo3:ipgt be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when .82gqeljn-u g its relativistic mass dou gjueq -ng8l2.bles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total rel5n qu gi(li9w.zyq*y:ativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relatilw :u qg *qyyn.ii5(9zvistic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle lu86mn03ibzklu e0 3w of mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a stxq8 s*wx/ 2v0 xqjpg0hraight line. Ship A is moving directly awayhxg0 j q*/v2xq80spx w from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on t o4,7mow m7lfm4w gggsf 3i.g:he observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incn 0cs.wu7vq x*w gdg14reases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatrwame2 ))y a:wive to the shore, does it move in a river that is)w ym)ae:r2w a flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. W0.r mop;t5yo-+chng iith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in nyh;+5 go0-p. cotmi ra river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speeaow)u(4 .fpc jd, relative to the shore, does it move in a racf u).w4p(joiver that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be ldh+ cv9f8z6gobserved by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rateh 9lv zg+c6d8f?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey *wk mkt(dwdh0o2l::u 8lyg6y to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much tld mdt :0ywo:uhg8yl6 2(wk k*ime has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtneh7b qus;r*e+ 9csndxg k mr09)y, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old idc*q79uxrk9 emhr+) ;bs0n g ss Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.8isg1h+ 8 2hnxz ti f03soq. xg1.0xteq0c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin broth+3x hx8 .qe ihio20qt.gx tfss0 gz11ner?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its l vf8ff4q7 g,ebength?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move ab u fs+4/8la a;uje e0xks(h6to contract to half of its proper length (as observ+86asef;ej b4ukl/h0a x (su aed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is atfr2+o9c5 li:vc/uehn6u + lqx rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a sp v9o+h f:l5rc uq2ul+/ex 6cnieed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is d nj9 wxkw13hpli)p(0mc j./m4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a co.wpilj9d(/ k3 pm0n)1x cwjhmnstant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurimnd p1km,g (c4q, s2mibkys((, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels mp1sc2( gqsn,dy4 m(( kmk,ib toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauricdqz vybx8m+z;f 3d9. x hk77i, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Eartiyzbd7 d9 ;+ x.7cq3kv8zhfxmh?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 6 rq w06ukjzy40.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a ,u3xgfo :) guq c3ze9hproton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0 p/rr3t l-)+3 jayfascan pu.2.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will pt+n2sal )3-r 3j.afayu /cp rincrease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ,ztkx+ -;nxahnni q*+uclx; :in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lose8wj-- c vo77hfu)6rycu 2dqnos $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materialu6in u4 (gq.gp was lost during a reactingi.( u gpq4u6on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of ma, fmk r28qkuk-fpgjwqt +)q-7 ss at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peoplj.:afyu; n) 0yj l-.oe. omvloe, helping to end World War II on the next day. Io-vo.o;. jnjl.):yl0mfeuy a t released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a pr4) az)cmsih*hu 5 f)egz23asooton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of thf c2h h5ua*sge3s) zmi z))oa4e proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total enes.jw7j )ap6dvrgy. What is the momentum in avj) w6.dp7j s$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whm 4wa o8a,mc: ;5oaaplich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a ,+xj8b )ss.q6m+qx +jgww vdareaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electroz y.u 3hy(9*b0xwzu ntn moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to acy7f.65wbaafgsr,8pn celerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866way fs r5,fan786g b.p c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, c6l xl0ixo;yablv9 n3yw* v(2kh;h r;$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kVnmv +ph-3b ja u:(l(,r/x efk6x/bwqz . By what factor has its mass increased a bwhv/6 lz( -b:jp+,kn3mf quexr/x( with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket travel-p)qmy/:xbitf,f 53q w l)t yring away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed obqtyf53litxr,fp) /mw): qy -f light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling th cvb6 x(i1c0jqrough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as mej0(cvx1 qibc6asured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How7ec :onmb qgrs4 u,6+g fast would light travel frog76 c:urn, sbgmq+ 4eom the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spe *ydvbs(7;ahnhc p6 m1ed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fi d(pn ham6ybcsh *;7v1red away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.8m iimgs -+hwrhd+d8jhe6yja(1s*;q3 0c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relatias +6 i+-;1dg*dwemjhjhy(mhsr8 3 qive to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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