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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that *; : v8paqlwnbhas no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at *:qabpn;w8 lvconstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was desijylx-hwm93k8sz; wnmu4 d (3z gned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of t7w-ta zbt)x( 89 aqkucheir experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the fow,j 7u h 3:ngt-fl;nfollowing components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.qfwe (h03sfb m:g6s.llhfr*/2kc+ uv
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions b7p vdfp40q deh b:l)5of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativityc8kb g xwmvv7x-28 e8k

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relk4 pb s;h)df fjk/w5b/ativity was that the laws of physics are the same in rdh/ kj/sbfk5p f ;4bw)eference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special rel5 (hy8lxk b5q/3zmjqnativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of t5t:4eu:nv kcgsux 3.special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from iku0d 8a h2q5mh0yx;a the Sun at a speqhdyh02x0i8amuk; a 5ed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movief1 /e.1yjsmm ng clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definekpen 7d/ bi,g w h.xucrb+y.1 skt/32td as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space6m g1mdt6fw+t ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin tha1m g6 wdt+6mtft remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objw*2 d0(3ygdsup( a fioect

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity thamh7 ntn.*f- c b4jejz*t approaches the velocity of lightj 7*b-mc.tn*n ze4fjh. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a o(w (fhu))pfhi*vgcox p- a9k4b2( etvelocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a s(9-(e)fx4tp bgwuoov k2h) p i (c*fhatationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a pa7n;ok i7 2 ohxpp8oef0rticle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the partico efi 208k7op; 7nphxole

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appoex4kh r(3n3vsph2k- t15ty cnu9g3zroaches the speed of light, the momentum of the pazkh3 pho -xysn kt5uec931t ngvr(34 2rticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a ey6hi0h v6m/e67 qaa lvery high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, yo 6ahi/6myee67vq a0lh u conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton c8rsc08lc4 i ,ci +w5ee)bwcn when its relativistic mass dou+c cicb8c)8,iw5l ere0 wscn4bles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic rb b +-3yu7s7/1yzmrbmg m/aeenergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic1z 3b mg7 msb/a7mryru/y-be+ mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of cm 9nbce;01opjhu,a9z4 k ch8mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straigh t 0p5gr)lh5 1j:yi1o /vxrjcjt line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship meaixjt p51/l j50h:)rjg yc ovr1sure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of ref0qb zv(56s rgso 2w8arerence?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, arey1 ec 8c7lr0y/:sy you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relatjsd zq0eis:o6/*jpp: ive to the shore, does it move in j6zj :s:q0ope s*p/di a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relativa1i .,4s4b2ock qfssee to the shore,4bs fks14iaq so2,e.c does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shkz06xmve464:(f1k:ekqq r* emiicqz ore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the xcm*qqk 0 ekizv(f46:4me1 eirz :k6q river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it g23fk)eu1zffr 1kli / is to be observed by a stationary observer as running atzrei13g2f/ fkklu1 f) one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hoursv9zrxj2 q*c: 5qc erx. according to a clock on the spaceshipx*9rrcqv 52. xq:cjez. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While8y a)env3wfqdo:p;,v Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Co3w q:e8pnd ,vy ofv);aurtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takeys(pi1x) p:ajy m0b x.s a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age aib:1yj.)ypx (apsmx0 nd the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.uchlid5b ,*cmnp1f*d:3 - govt f9dg8)i0 yy v80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract tj;z:*sof1zi h91hn vao half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary o9;*zvihn oz f:a1h1s jbject)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spacje98 p/a h:jvceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what lhjap j9v: c/8eength does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is b5l g13ipb(r/-0rgali pp 03ny/pr yat*b,ns4.30 light years away. A 5/y0*p n1,n-i3 lpg0arl3/( a t p igprbyrsbbspaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which uf6n.- )gbf1gzvs 5 -8q ujd01alhqxo is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spa qv.h-ogffz nj-a ) 1bg0 u185ux6qsldceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Ce3v1gmgux/6okny:aq p cad6*fu6 yaft + - 6ft8ntauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Eartua y3npvmxf da otgk61/8q -ya+:u tff66 *6cgh?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest)l 6w38nlmxk u mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a prc+b4iy symy23 h uuto3 7 pgo(i5,kd*moton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes fr;5x dggjt+j 7rom 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increasjgjg5trx7+d; e by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumw6xxp)iui8ett+moz v q0vn t,;d/+c5 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lz2xo +r9tipcp9-fft63so m y1 oses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materian ltsjv.u: 1,il was lost during a reaction livt1su:n,j.?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass ;r4::do oc umin/tzq 8at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 peopll)y :g4sg yoi6ui2j4ge, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was 2ug :y yji4igsl6go) 4converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What i,7w/1 4dflmd sze g2on)6wgg os the speed of the proton?wdd6n1/gsgmfz7,e4l 2o g )ow

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of e0i, wq-wp or/i)fxceq*2s+ga proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in )i qw i g2f/*opx0r-,qwee+sc$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in which;tf); befdukg (ke2i1 $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost +brq x(3y-vy kyexn8; during a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electuazx)mbw8e/ 22hp n) kron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate o0: k 8w0gtw:v *pt 7e6pjavttnne kilogram of mass from rest to a velocit0t 0ta vgk:t7t8j*: nv wwpe6py of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, c,)ml1kh3 ovf1;qkyf*)dsrsam o - rbh -n1+ j$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated t-q3zsm 4qu t-hhrough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest mz -qh4 -3uqstmass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0u2yncl :4xv ,r.95c. You measure the speed of light fro,u:2 ln4vcxr ym the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. I;t z *1bdf-py5xca wb8f the ships are headed directly5apwdyb*c 81xbz -;ft toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would lig7k4ryq4 . t( 32e,dmfgmgabl mff0v2o ht travel from the headlights of the ship r32a ,4.7orykg(0dbg4f mfem2 vqt mfl elative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fros3 kfk 7vj*cpi 78zu*tm the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a spe3s 8*pi7z tj*fk k7uvced of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fef+ jb,vyhl6 j38s9((fifs uz )u, ohrv7,sf mrom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fz796fb hymef(fjvfs,),lh 3, s uur(o+i8svj ires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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