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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship ta*:rwx r m5m-pbvdu-)m yoo*9 hat has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if tm-pv xom w-dr9mb)r :*o5a *yuhe ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment5;hwk k:qr ,zl was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their expeq/+ cgroark el0w/x+v(b-a 6ariment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an int q82.zcisy/rf) (xu ikerferometer yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity u)y(1yzz t:xup gob6(/ zkk9qprinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativithm39qd9tqf let8f . :b.fcj0m y.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relf :/hqmtr6uw.ativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the ssks t x*1ix:+fpecial theory of relativity was that the laws of physk1sti *x xs+:fics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of specio6;5 . )f,-n vos v myyb2t5wwgei-tkial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativm*c*wn1vooir5o:m5 jr (*f p+7 vc pznity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate whd;gxkhv +q: ibvc3a8q wsu.,* ile in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of li iq3h vwak*;8sgvx.,duq b+c:ght, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving cloc p2;bgxxh)q,2b up;j pm6(sfsk

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is definedvth+: +wulrx2 as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high zo*ud:0s)n,hkaf)fh * lxo-b2,t lem speed to a distant star and back again, while the otheaxh h*,)l0nls- ,feu*: t2f ) zodmkobr twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statio 9.o nxl- algh(aeoa((nary observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with bhi*ie. f)dm+a velocity that approaches the velocity of ligdbfh +)i i*em.ht. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velon-w ga e5a jcat-x72dve- .m)kcity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this obj .ajv- a2ea)t -c57mn-xgk ewdect, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the parti7mxf32shcy -l c7 flmhx3s2cy-le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of d33 f+ietw.he light, the momentum of the part 33f+tiehe.d wicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measur 0jxeh6gj/ n3le its length at one-half its normal length. From 0 3/jlj6n eghxthis measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kipfc 0aa4,5(. gy:sjxc g*ydj onetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublesps d0 4(:y*jgjac og,. xcayf5?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total rela upqx18 )zkw0 fnsfa*/(te7dbio1 b(ctivistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativik nqxbpzws8* af(di/e7ubc10t 1of()stic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle oi-)mn;*f emjjf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a s khh d,lxb0be:at.,h4 traight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Shkbda:,lxh eh.0 4bt,un. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer' dm*8le1 5p-ws2blo a qv1ddo(s frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incl7q.zt x-1 fb7g ux8a67(hfxs gzafq5reases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to thehh s8khh l.:k/ shore, dolh kh/8.hks:h es it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water.jk b (md.gc(f7 With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a rivekcgb( f(dj7m. r that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to theg;8r d3e5db8 au5rbdp shore, does it move in a river that is urgd5 b8b8 3a;epr5dd flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be obv6 5pndu,t2zv8guf /n3 z2qe3b pwz)p served by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rate8z)egun/pz zdfvnwp32 vb5 p,2tq u36?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a pla(4zyrsp+ y v9bnet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the( r+4yvzbspy9 speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 1+*h 7 ivptcm 0wgrt4)i0 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (m0) *7tg +i4pc ihvrtwas measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 ye-)q cpwe)gao z88puj: p.j8z cars according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own agez-c.:q)ge )ao8 ppp jjz 8u8cw and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What isw lwlku+-+ -yotw2lm h q:.c7m9z.fnh its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to cwj y.frzi41y4 ontract to half of its proper length (aji14z rywy.f 4s observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship trax-mc qc,nfnx 0md,8*lvels by you with a,ncfxcmx-qd 8n ,l*m0 speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cmkxzhp9 8)r-u b6akm2entauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.hz)xra k 8u6pb m9m2k-800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30bx5fgv b.,t1 d light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels towa5xbg ,bvd .f1trd the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar s lomb3l tvm2)e a2 kq4y/eqmnf1q) sfl55m 5t1ystem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth e )mqbkntoe5f1 41aqm 2fyl/3)mm 5ll5tsq2v travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The reug. 2pkk6lu. qst mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twi)hkfa,vu 8b ,yce its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes v3 8s3f h m:plhbjjipc44i,9im/lb,r from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase blij 8ji/4hi, h9,pr3f4mv :l m spcb3by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in j)/x- ,d/sto gasdww+ $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses up 2pgx 8,ugthm8vv 88$4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materials8wcx hv;vzyp *xg;08 was lost during a reaction x xspg*wv;zv08y8;hc?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalenl; vbcj5pj/mqd26dk +t to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that yw3k/w*s ;yr u3+unwlwas dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? 3ywrs* 3u/lw; wu +nky(1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy+e s+1nqoz4feif/fmd-u;s) c. What is the speed of the prot1mfe) -uen / f+qzs+osd;c 4ifon?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total eneu6i4u0h s1wpf; opvs7 5kmu+ rrgy. What is the momentum1f04+i w ur;5hpk7o u spvmu6s in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during -y332wacai)okbx ,ot2xy 8f va reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reacv(gqc+nhu8g cq(m 5w 6tion in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.m, g3qsz 1usmo4d4b,o 95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilog5i h4c2eif, p.mcd)h1 ,sn n1t8dpxcz ram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.866.ch2sxpd1)ni 58 idcp m zeh,f,tcn14 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, n)/hr vu2wo8 vnkf13-rr6q ko$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 ki6 cf (70quwn68 aw*m58p4fdnh wqihpV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest massfn p h6 cmwf 46hinw5q0i(88*pwqa7du?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away fro7 rhmszk6tx0- m the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Su kxzm-st 670hrn to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.603xu1kvu o.cj9 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their appkuc.x9 3 1jovuroach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80 1 apfqq j*g.ia 8-cvt,bn7.ryc. How fast would light travel from the headlights of nyqiaq 7cjr1fbv p,a t-8*g..the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of,a1)xsd(cshb;x78et gji+m+tewi *,b ;zor y 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of thgxb+, 1ii*+t8w7szhe,jxs)cte ;rb (ma;ydo e missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Tm j qkk)x82vuqzdbi+ v:128ruhe spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is t ) :j88m uqikvz+uk2dxv2q1 rbhe velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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