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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a c;al64m*s tles9:erz fz:up/spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should /:s9pes: el rl4t6;*zumcazfyou do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley exper*ntny +f* zf;aiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded fh3l z0r ;mao3n;38ajjoi8yc orom the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if youst0nz k-k,7- 9yxq wxyqzri:/ use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principletdxsdh1 0 5hj4kajt9 0.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable aqtir) j::2 uejssumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of specia71bx5tjx 6l3 z.cywptl relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theh6pc1d-uop7f q 6auz9ory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames thatzuqf6pahpd-761 cuo9

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativitdhv7:wvu h 2sl0 yyv4di r+cz-o56sg2y.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate cdrdewf m4e2 7kxyk(5 nt47j)of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spa ja27e4 nhk0lqceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to q2h ejlk4n0a7the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statiozt+ ov ((5tyyfnary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is dy)3ad6qti- )b4 7a.qvlb r bbnefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship t9kjxc(+ ;wwsno bz).g raveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other tx9cj ;.wso z+n )kb(gwwin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obser* ) fge*bpak v27 on3odn6h3qever, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pa.6 i 0 4 l7lexcjbflsw(8pl)pgrallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stati6 (fjbp. 8plclsixl0w e)g74lonary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallellpnm3bgagj)4 -d) ei7 to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocitl)ge3ib )m4gj7 ndpa-y of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed tev1 4 em. vel pcpbi-lrl/29/of light, the mass of the particle lbve re1pl/m9v/4e ltic-2.p

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lighfn/*32; ke ycljab :6i9miibht, the momentum of the particl:m ;ln jb ii2/h i9e*6kcyfab3e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by (-s4b1ii9vfyxnh.z 3ya h :bvyou at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spea9-:f iis y 1bh3ayb4.(xh nvvzr's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic ene*0x0 sqzefxn :odxh3la:nzh bv2 62y5rgy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass do5zsv3an2 0xh 6nlqx*zy20 xo :hde:fbubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic en(p;m fr 8j 0* evmaobzn66pkl5ergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doul5 0*bn mrfeom(z6vppak;8j6bles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of masu ephh4eu qg-n5i h* m,*z8,wes $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight l /t ako8 r1ub2)tzprg: :3pxjkine. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sur3 j)up8:bko2tt:g rxapzk / 1n. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following dependsm )h vz,1k16b 1bvxyc;pu;jy3kw :vh t on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of youb:s; g61sy+tnj bt.;q lf qj*qr spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0bk 3k li7bm7-py1zuu0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing ab 7kbz-muy1ui lkp703t 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speedlhk+*s+l( dxi 0i5x7ro/reoh , relative to the shore, doeso(hixrx k 5r/ ehd7*lo0l+si+ it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative towq(rp;7gcd (uef mm.7 the shore, does it move in a river tham rdm77uf;cp g(e(q .wt is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movic cj ;ozn;drp+15 /zving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its norm/+j r;czc;o vipn5dz1 al rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a p+1ugujq2.yr u0.i vc qlanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, vgu+uirq.1j yq2cu.0how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are w*; qixmn9brv*-:ixf initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney9 xwfv*i*-:ir;qm xnb ), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a swjfai 4/-tfo8eb r f; iccl452peed of 0.80c for 30 years accor a/ o4 bi4;cljif5f2t w8erc-fding to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a p gm 004htb8gnspeed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of 82l t2evw1xm;:qjblg l , qt;xits proper length (as obel bmttx qx822l j qw;l:;vg,1served by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it m8h4l wcs9 b0asly*l2is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.49l*lsya2smwb ch l8070c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system f79pk3w0t agyp 9b6qm is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star 369fq9tpmak0yg p b7w. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our b)mf:2+pm7r xjjjfh:bh5k7 hsolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on bhhhkj:) +b2 bfprm 57j xf7mj:oard the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yeg nchkla9f7m,78 f*h,ofnc ,vars away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.om9a *h ngc, chk7 f8f,7f,nvl800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is cp,nrg+fsas6:5 5g wtits mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of v2uyqc l9p(r.yb;sq+a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your s6u/i bevou83.: c:zfpg*uqd spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increa6 /ev3:u ig:ubcduzsfp.8o q*se by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum j1)cbt p(irz q c:z+p8in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elementeijrunlq;70x , q5.a i loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if jkv-w mv;)u s q(.(tki2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactio; mks kq(tuw )-.j(vvin?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent *wm5 pswoatx)j i 2 sj2-81hihto two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was bkb ,.ncye 5q6dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,0b ,5bcn qe.ky600 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% ofu ov73 .ehsxvq3o, 6il its total energy. What is the speed of t huil.3,ov7x3vqe 6oshe proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a n u6g1g+zjv;ungct 5.fd3 aa(proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum 1gtvac ; unzga(5 n3dufg.+j 6in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a rccw 2(tn+gv7ozk-e j/h ul+e;eaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction ib+f6vd0:o zdg gd8 ux6n which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of +6g7nchx 56wth idzm9an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass 18*x:s.dz2tnmc jr n99vdkksfrom rest to a velocity of 0.89xj9:tvzks8 c*dnsn1km 2r . d66 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 03 6tahdoes-*xm( fkf$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By qc1jdba 1k10k.e4-ny (g 6q pozptl)aze g4)t what factor has its mass increased wizg-6l1)(eebt4 pq1o0qpkjt dz4ya)ka c 1.gnth respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. Youi .y/-x2 ttake measure the speed of light from x 2eak-t /yt.ithe Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are trav/ trngaq.aw8) ;uu6qreling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person onag 8 ;rratq 6nwuqu./) either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast w0asi .qe 4sm3rould light travel from the headlights of the shipqs3a0 sim4.re relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship t1u1 u 6uobqxeq xomb43-bx87o hen fire1ux4o3bmbb8u1x7xe6u -qooqs a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a sp2 ngh qsh3afq**t k/7).fbjor eed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired/g* q*jfroq nhtk a37fhs2.b) toward the Earth?

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