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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios,muu3b c* -xp(e or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or memubc*px3 (u- oving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment watjunx;)n*y dr8 25,enx+cg kcclpu3;s designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their expe l- oh333ybmjbafwe.kb9 re2bs/x(8a riment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the jo nge6l.my52o r6n8a following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlets65qy bm: poj+kl)1 j.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovab b+for a/qv44ks)hv(yle assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special r sjd-ue1to)nnqv+3k+ elativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the speluh8h v/uojw(5aqq 42cial theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the q8hhlu/q(u 4vwa 2o5 jsame in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate :g fpt8 7grg vus1;,wjof special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special kyv1h+q1vpp( 3/ub dsrelativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measusvh /rl7f;wd1mh sg77re your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that itm f7/d7lw sr1h;sv h7g was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving chh1q6o84,o erp,kgf u7 sqn u2*wo 9erlock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defincq6d8 z6b1n xjed as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to;;gykkpw m7,fa/e8fu.f e0eercx16r a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earg f; ea7kpkwxumee,. r;ey/0rfc6 81fth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary bjucvc 7k.);w9l yg1 b:-xf esobserver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel tois r(8z extl96)e qqymqci +dkp )964s its length with a velocity that approaches q4e y9ps)z8qe6 dk q9c)tr+iix6lm s(the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vez inu1f/eg, -r 6udyacn. +z+zlocity that approaches the velocity,g-+if/ zunay +r61ezd. uznc of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a parw nh g-y4rg86iticle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the partici8ghywrg-46n le

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, theb3hqlry zg*o 9)6ue 7w momentum of the parto zy7l*)bh3 eu6g9rqw icle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its le9+h akq.f ldda,w3,zyngth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must bey+f adwk ,39a,lq.hd z

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy prot),su0rvig mxc r-zo)1 on when its relativistic mass doublesvgc)0srx,m i) zu1-r o?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy prqt-:ddi mhish 6// z*zoton when its relativiszdiqtmh6 sh:-*d /z/ itic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of m tz wgai25i2y 0i(stq/xw o9(lass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straightx a;gkyz9e :r3 line. Ship A is moving directly away from thea x;3r :g9kyze Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of referrafx20j/ h32ll 0loo rence?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases,:f4loy we)6fk k+vn4w t, p:vd you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spee5 svkzx )8o6ola. ,acabeml;)d, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/b al .,klo)c65vxmasa o;)z8e s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the 0ssbu g2 0 xezpvh+hgi7::/k yn7ito8 shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstreame8 biuxg :0k/gzhispt +y:nhvso 7027 ?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wg;* ej8,88e t:(mtdg, creuc7m fehaiith what speed, relative to the shore, does it me8f,c,uei*mtdh tga (r:8;8c7 jgme eove in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel ioq9 o*)yh6 j1u6)g *vjmriknnf it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its)m )*ng6hj*6yuqo v jn9ik 1or normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet p u* qutn.)jd*and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much)q* utunjp.*d time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. g+31asw( fd )l0 uwklv While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away f)w au1(fv 3wlg+k ls0drom Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin br5(2gvkeirkuq(o,x ab)i (gt9c*x bp0 other takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what i biaoegck x)*v(9ut(pbri 2g ,0x5( kqs his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is iteq+bgx:w 6 06nsl4fh gs length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contrac- y 80xmcgch3 t-5 tb56jqrlilt to half of its proper length (as observed by a sjx0-qrmtl6 53l5c ch y8bt-gi tationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at re(8aa5tirflz 6st. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what li(a rfta56z8 length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system lmr-zmh9 z)j(2,hyi x, 6sekzis Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?(ez hl jz,9-h2),ri6mkx syzm

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar sy-go*a or -c**o:gaw 2 qgbx0costem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the stb :oqcgoa* o a2o0rx--wg*gc*ar. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar/ / cgc9 ( ae*kflhdrr5*ebxd7 system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star.d( ra9rc7*dl cghe/fk5* /xeb How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The restva+ i9bn(tpi 2hx,zc1 mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rest mabv0pi( d c-4 fvpu1b;/tm wfjohnu+: 3ss?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mas2bg 7r2 /qe yc1u-vxnys will increase 1/e7q2 -ng uvrbyxy c2by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum *aq.41vcj 8b9xy al5axkv aj3in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loses e291/kggn. mixtyh(j $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost durid(l+t mavmke*+yia1 )jg5d+ung a reaction?+ *5g1(v)tmk+ j amadi lyd+ue

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equh,:a 8vqmy, rcivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped 9ujj9swvx 0*j l z3c7yza41h q.of0)llcwnj9 on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World j wn u 0y99z10lw7ll9soqj*acjhjf3c.x)4v z War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a ;/l 9i*db doe/ (dcgw 4fhe4rxproton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the prot9*d/edx (iwb glo/hc4d efr 4;on?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is y4pifa* z .9oz)lfk3/on9fp d the momentum pfz*/lp.of)dinf4 a 9zko3y9 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during s; a-z4v6l tl iz,hc6ca reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lostybbf9:v39cjxx . ;j.os 4nlia during a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a ;a (oqkii: a2bspeed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to acnhsr dq 0jb308celerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 008q bnjhs3d 0r.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, *oq2dm-ut d 3kij7tfmy/4 7mf$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By whatg5qe2uc j7 c7n factor has its mass increased with respect to its reecn52cqg77u jst mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the s53 gr+ehs y ohmpb39 xa5c,q3speed of light fro5 9srm3yhx533 a+gseqch b,pom the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Eartl 4(,0.;nrj 0qsovjgqgjbp k)h. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either crjs.0o; )j,gbnqg40r(qkv pjl aft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fastm:po;be:ioh8) yzl ,b*xo; zy,pi 1z7eajjr5 would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative toj)exb 8:5 *,:izoprp jm e; 1yo,b zyoah;i7lz a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spee 0jfxhad97su 5d of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured byfs5hdj07a 9xu observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earc;jflt8l qk;1d gt1 tc0orjr 82y,a n(th with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What tyd2 o(n j la;k tt cjlgqf8;11rcr08,is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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