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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means)* 5i sh;ummcx for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at c; 5smcmuhx)*ionstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experizzajcy11877x s6,ldp ulp qx.ment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of vt 0ya0)+aozs their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you j yal .fn fd9:u* +svkr8in*3ause the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prinoigmeq *k+7v7 ciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable .e) 7 fxjy*ifnassumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rela6nl68x9v91h kif glu ftivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of r;t9-sbi7 *a m 8q+qrvdv j;jnzelativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frame zjbm;vq ; a*rvj 8nd7q-t9+iss that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of*74pmoju3uxm special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulat,f l-o+d ubs5jex2zj*mr.q-; tu e;b le of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure g cs kw *i8w8:luub7m:your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from thew u wlsc:8*gbu8mk:7 i Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationhs+i7i/n a1 miary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined ailz/bk9 raznw0o-nb2 ja3* 0 es $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in adch*ovj 0ft7) space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin r0) ovt7ch fdj*emains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objectu); vzf-rscb h;i1s*o

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocit.0)+j (e d knccb:uknzy that approaches the vekcd ucnbez k().+:nj0locity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appro5ajv hsixz .io/yc hc-+wo5; 2aches the velocioi ;wj5.-ax2/5z+hioscy hcv ty of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lightc 1q,0 y ut-c7dk7mujl, the mass of the partic7-m 0,kqu ucty1clj 7dle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches t7o.kcwr by(p*xzh25 d he speed of light, the momentum of the parr2c5h wzdbkyp*o x(7.ticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its leq ue)jh42s 7y*ygcud 6ngth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that ud472*jqcghy use6 )ythe moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic eds3cm:zpt;c ma7sae:1 l uq 8/nergy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dou/m7sztpu1ma :;:l3ea qsc d8cbles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy 4jipitjft-v :;(6cih of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dhpic jtj4;ii(6 ft-:voubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle b7,4 i73 z1owtnoj itpzk ;(ooof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceshipqvd;exo jl7 93-5ix igs, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun a;jve93-do7il xx 5 gqind ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following sa*/.xe- u wo()mantpnn v*/pdepends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incgw)a-v xpksr;g0s5t zo o0thevw-1l)-3i0qe reases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spe/ttp*abji cgl/vfu1 a .0ik-i69o o8yed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing atij v c p-60o*toliu9 .taky gia/f81b/ 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, uy r*o4)+20fe nxf*xjeca-jqrelative to the shore, dq*a*r coyjejxu4e+-)xn f20foes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water.b sh .f+.sao7l With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flobl.fsaho. 7 s+wing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clo0y0i(4kwg p c 8lkeos-ck travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normalpci s-wko84k0y0 gel( rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours accordin +tt))d dqmb,y0 umq)dg to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of , y bd0tq)u)dtmq+ )mdthe spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Whii46m 8a xo/vsftw(,cu le Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtneyx,/6 8av4fotuc i m(sw), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip withbk. qetdvdxs1;/ gd- ,*hy *fm a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, we .1k*,dhxvd*/-g fdt qs;ym bhat is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with y 2bwn4+o qgi8xkv2-7cuk0 nta speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket e 8uclk*/f3 .u ab;m) 1f4pwzc n 1m5fuoaa;vsship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observed by u81f a13l5eb ;u ;o4mu .az m*/kfnc facwvs)pa stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spacezgq; r;je8,onmyj: j3 ship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to 8 :jy on ,qejz3jrmg;;you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alphc7 pus366d gkla Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel accordinplkg c6u6 3s7dg to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpk 9wqcjd/ vj5rpo9 1w8nm(8 hcha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clon p9ov (kqd 5jmwjwhcr/ c8918ck on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our 0;pcw53zwl . /brkj dysolar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant 5.l r/jb d kw03;wzpcyspeed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0 by9.+id9 ynrl.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a pros:hlaco3m,i 1m z6o z0ton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then you 4zehr9h m*2) (u39gtfme2i1rlauhu br mass will increas 4lf9 2*1(rtr93z ubuuhgmeheimh)2ae by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum qxfh6k +e9p)min $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an e;y)-;pu sls gklement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material wa3s .f0x si9m69 mqsobff2mp2bs lost during a reaction?262fspim9 m9f0 xsmo3 bbqsf .

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to twoxihuw/; es, zs,p :ry0 kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 kile iyq(jkpmx p8e-2g :(led 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNq e2pm (xg:i-j(k8yep T explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total ener ,3ee8 h opa*34uacaurgy. What is the speed of theo8u3 ruap*aee4 h3c,a proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the moh-lf4q4;q yp smentumyf l-; 4hqsq4p in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in 3jcx35 y bwrkbcs;k5-3 ++,qk qqeomu MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction inar; )84awb:kk:q c wvl which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed o e l3yh b3bvawza4u4;*f 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilulyx3o 0 :8d; v6rj*8c )wkue.zkm-yfl-rok logram of mass from rest to a velocitoz06el yjfl;u l-r*kr)8u: 3o8xk-dv. ckym wy of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 1 fpyb09uq osn/r20 wsuq5t3i$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated thro) 1g8vuwjil0x)6no qebzh452 hd,gn eugh 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with reoh5ln0)n) i x qh2jge w,bz8u4d1e6gvspect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from thezu8 - 9uh)ehqw Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun t9uhq whuz8e)- o be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling t hgwno0a3kg68l s3ym xlos/* 8hrough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person mxs *8/o6nh gkoglwy0 s38l3aon either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. y. i4*c w3jtddkr; .fwHow fast would light travel from thet.yriwk ;j.d*cw34 df headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The sq.rdmro( ,gz,j;7 sn0vfj;f m8j6sjmpaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured bs8jzorfjmsvm mdfgqr07,, 6j; j(.n;y observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves awsur-h o2t ,w a(po0(ysay from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the -ts o r(0hs(uoa,py 2wmissile is fired toward the Earth?

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