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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no wiac2xka))m6 lm ndows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at con a)ma6kc)2x lmstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measure yw8qx 1jb+by, e *zrci(/we;c*ls5ra

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from ti 5-vvq n,,unfdh+3q xhe results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you) bursfn78z6o.kv ; h4ix aceng3 81 skwic2v. use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prinsd rqz, p)aw+)1zb7hiciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of57by+s wv ;pbu Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativig.fjb-/oza/hjnrsei- 3euw(x 2w+ 7 n ty

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates ineioll3y* s. p9tgx3op,wqy .pows+9 5 formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of pe o3wsp3*tsy.,po9igo+x5l9 pq wy.lhysics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postula vt ei6pj)47zate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativitykt(*se + +ss:koby ev6y3k 37usg 3aed.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure yg (n;am3at49 r3fbbwdour pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to fnb(9 w3g 4 a;dtb3armthe speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mo/fjxe zfe m))(7n,,rs m: dflzving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is dhva2r lzisw o+(t77 0zefined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travelinyh8d;jp2rlnj 7o,bt; g at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other ;87 pthbod;,y2 rjjn ltwin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a m8ek3go 6vya p vjw4nv-)a9g 7voving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with uvmmigsdm) 1 fqgj1 + 5-ugw)*. *qpala velocity that approaches the velocity of lv *mwul1spjmim 5gu+a- 1dfg) *.qg)qight. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocityimbg )(uf gtm /s(7sd5 that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this 5mb7st(/ms )gd ufig(object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, tfegiqn)5l -(7ythg 5spq9 c ,yhe mass of the particl)gtqh5pcn7fq ,s(59iyg ly e-e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a parcgc 20;jqe09 s f *xr+am6mqxmticle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particlegxcc60sj;faq2* rm +0 mqem x9

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very hig lw;fa:ke;e2w h speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spea;e: wkwa l2f;er's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its1n5e;5a mu/ bam-dec8 mn k, zild4y5i relativistic mass doublesaucimlbme5 k/ 5e5 4;d8zym1a d-nin,?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relat8uanv-vtc)6 .g wn1 shi/*iavivistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubleh )itw1.v/cva * gnsuav6 -n8is?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mar; s6hhj - 1l6)vwugryss $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is 7 dr9v.an5ieap6n l/ smoving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science offiaair 7nn .l p/965vdsecers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame a69q, coi)pz:lm(uch of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of yk01rg mp)9(7e/ycitsc y h v z16mmqs5our spaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to tw+3/iwfv jd277dhqq bhe shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstre73vw dwq q+2ibjdf7h /am?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. jnqk 9.4wz r 6amm-hb1With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/bq -6 .kjmwnm z194rhas if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spe)d2b6 t4 x akn5zcfsb.ed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading sd) 2tx6za. 5 fncbk4bstraight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to dpg;yum2) 8 fpbe observed by a stationary observer as running a8pp2ymdu; )fgt one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns r++ls nnb(egztfxi(hq8f 6 4-in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much4 qgl+6 (sfebnx iz-htn+fr8( time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are io uv v61mnecqv57af 6og)-ie;nitially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old iuv7;o)gf6 vove1cq-n i5m ea6 s Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin oih v2p/u:(ihbrother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age a:v/i uphh o2(ind the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lengto9ks+e0ufkk -5 fzr0 gh?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contun2. y7fx z8haract to half of its proper length (78y.x zah fn2uas observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If t dib.qr-yg3vy 5f*)cy.2 pmof he spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what3.b-dy2fvcyq5gfy*r p)i m o. length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light5p uaf5dv7px:/jod.;lgl3ush en 8 k( years away. A space g( 7f ho5vp:ulnd.;dxa5lu3pj /k8esship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our s amxqb k-i;6bw1 ni-i:olar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward i61;mb-a: iw- qki xnbthe star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lip e4ae//efsj 8ght years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. fap/8e s/ 4eejHow much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85cxtqm qg9706vx(:fxsk n3sa)-np ns *y. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of p lc2otu3y 6a*a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then yg bxc1 coh66i,l(a al.our mass will increase bylcl oig(a6c h1x,a6 .b

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumv+t.x fl4-ge/i g8:fdbaw g yr0e2c x3 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, annae f)gve-11wg j-2 re element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was 1 mf u-q i;jd2p9by:xvlost during a reactio ;pj-1yv b :2qifxum9dn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of ma ,.*lh6(xahx0ejz+yp/uc )d jgz(ksdss at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki l +tkfy/c ek18in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. I+kel8k1 t/ cfyt released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is tn6efzf(- nt 4ehe speed of the4 te -f6ezn(fn proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the mom psz- ee4gvf),v*zw g(entum i-zg4,(w)f* pezg esvv n $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released e1pzd; h4n7x3*cbybp (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whic xvn8565ay7iwg baf8 -0 mxuz 4*duvgch $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of avt5 0sdk.k29 asahyy )n electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mascf2bjbk zk;91 s from rest to a velocity of 0.8j;k1kb2 9fc bz66 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, nyq, :+w)oqt+fb7n0r fef ,lll+i1b q$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. 2b,i3 h he,aio4w m/kh ;y5 khw8inwl5 By what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest hiwlhak m,,yo iwk e 5 bh/;i5842hnw3mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the sfgn)8b)m r9 rgks,ni1peed of light from the Sun toggfk 9 ribmn,) srn8)1 be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 04wt1pf,vjoq* k6nh8dck 6gr ) .60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as nv*6tfwh rjpkkq16g4 ,8)ocdmeasured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fata5yljk 0md5x9pr8 e9st would light travel from the headlights of the ship relkl9 5 dmte9a50x8r jypative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. Trjyr: 8 +7nr7 muqpr,e7kh qw1he spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relativ7q+rj7u wr h71rekm, q yrnp8:e to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from kr5 )cjnxk;8x,ky;m3oy e k9d)yh *mythe Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a ;k,e5ky k98)y)jnyh3ro*kydx cx ;m mspeed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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