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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios,sfn jk2d g r06.eu/r)d or other means for you to ob)s6dd2r 0gre nj. ufk/serve or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to mea4gomx m22)esmh fp.(q sure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morleyg +sp hk:r0 )aw*zuuv9 concluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following cqyt( o9vq;hb :omponents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity prj.:rwmb zev2ba9fe7u3 j(w r 0inciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relati z:/6 qlsp wej*2jjp)nvity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativityz91zek;8j 8 gzvk k.hf

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory ofpitws++b 44 sy relativity was thattsb y+w4pi s+4 the laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of specia5+63 rdunr jpp fmk-o kx:+cs hn+x5.hl relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulyls +na, na rm4.nu:+iate of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measurejz0w,jpz :xm) your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sjzp jw)mz: ,0xun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observeb8- /i5 zccv ui,rrx(nr86uum r, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as5lkijbyd8 , k w00d(ar $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a spaj:3f*kv v7mh yce ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth prv y73vkhfm: *jedicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observerpv -3uxi7 ,fhr mcu).h, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directio-mroe;gql8)qq l wl;,hh: :urelrd; 7n parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, ,:l: u ; qhlewqgqdr);8;reomhl7- lras measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction par13.vkc(g+ajf e6y lc pallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length cyc3kf j+e1ag( l6vp. of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed ofd2to( zd-h(qx. dgtx- light, the mass of the particd qo(-t x.dx 2zh-dt(gle

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, t(sa:v5owe 8gy /0eqawhe momentum of the particlesa y:ve8gewq(w o5/a0

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you measru z jm,t(86n n1yahv;tgy,5wure its length aj8 ah,tyry n6 g1v ,;wntuzm(5t one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton :kj:9d l,ytns when its relativistic mass doubl,td 9y:nk:sljes?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a sp 1q6+uk lji)-rp8vkwh eedy proton when its relativistiw6 lq h-r1jp vuik)+k8c mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of m:d:ryl iq4 v5j5o,sbeass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, eacuc xe640+ oxpth traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measxue406 cx+to pure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame oq8sk5ku27xr*, sdo zyqqyx+b+t 4+ zvf reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your sa+gbcvh/acl g g42h3wtw9q,kx-drx 67,9w fwpaceship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. *aen7et-9 /3+ q,fcsnsjye 1nrqc cz- With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is head nr scq ,snn c*q -eaj/tzcfeey-+7931ing upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With/h6j( ij:tfad what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boahdj6ijt (:/aft is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spew(fhx- , v/oamed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight af -vm o/a,wh(xcross the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moviw, ( mbiol4b gn8b5bw3iey )p- egy6,lng clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its nornwib3yb ly( gi)bp46o, ,w5egmb -8lemal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and re xf:zu7s.l8q sturns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceshi.su:x 7ql zsf8p. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old)yfrw*q x((y4yymh)o . While Courtney rema)r4y yo x(yw( fq*)myhins on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30)ovgzle e0k-+ years according to ) vel0+ -zgeoka clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c- d(ibla6k8f q2ipbg3j6tyhh c+ hh -0j. 4rjs. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contractdf 4fzi,k2+l.f/ynks us7 z4hb 4vfw; to half of its proper length (as observed by a stationzusfi7y,h4;/ n +v4bf2 kz 4wf.dsflkary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 11asgi7xozle1vxyo(i p5)g-10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it 1 51i 1ep gz i7)a-(osxxvoglyappear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar systemv;+pah ljv+k 4 is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.8 l+4+ kvp;jhav00c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurre* 9x z3pnqt,i, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the space r*p,zx nqt39eship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Awui1b*vib)2b ksc;s 98wl+ ln lpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth tr b82n w9s)i*ksblc ;+b1lvi uwavels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The *,2sjxw)su-gn+j8jhk(dmqdhr 3b . k6xi6mh rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass1tn49 xg)fby ru/f(u::l ok sh is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your /ftu t p:-2fbnmass will increa-tu:pt2f/nb f se by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum ia zvnr+ gbom3--ob; 7on $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an eleme+5 6 dlp.hs hc*pj,hglnt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost d+jbl7tjztnp xy/ls tno 1r8/f-v x54 -uring a reactionljs-vot-r ytn /8l5xxjznb7/f4+pt 1?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram o z ;3dj+-m0c;yumutpgf mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killlg dvm9 ihz q6d-wk s5o;.7a1yed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How mucgm; .7vsdz-dh w16y5q l9ioa kh mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy ox,nde ztu1/-nf a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the p /n,z-u dntxe1roton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its t8 2kvp:4 u3wrntht.-t)f yhl sotal energy. What is the momentum in ykft4hhps8v-.tuw3tl): n 2r$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is releasedeop *s;qf) :hn (in MeV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during ap /-a x9h(q//dyya: udk1kryi reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electk-5paj 1 1qzwe1alz/k ron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requireddx4: whrut2 wy.,/flb: u+rfx to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0.86: hl2:.wxuy dr xftwbru/4, f+6 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, h,ts ezk6b-v6 $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what fae)5lc nf ttgi 9ttkkve4a1q.a;2 et+3ctor has its mass increased with r;q2)cvie ent+ atk3e5 t 9l.gtk fa4t1espect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away9kakv)g)vh 6i from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of gviv)a)hk k96light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.q he c* qulumvp34zt).d2);fy60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each 32*utu)y l ;h)qmcqfezp4.vdother, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a ss 8q6ywspnbm518j /2 l ffid1s vxh1,upeed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlif shf,sn18 21 b6sw jx lvu81pi5dqy/mghts of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The sd p f3tlms;nvv,b6g9x -( cz.3lxk y 43s9zqpypaceship then fires a missilegyks,vzpsl tn9x; zb(c4qvl36 3y3f m-p 9xd. with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed o/q9- ;qr,poq7;a kb3l ctqqigf 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is f -qqb;3q7,oq ;qacglp/iktr9 ired toward the Earth?

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