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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or /2i4h n4bj7 tzubsr(sother means for you to observe or measure what is or(/hj b244u iz7bssntutside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment wca 4h2s75wqvpt ;7xj e4h7dzpas designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their experiment z: :bd99*t ::fn2h/ mko: d n1g8piwhwkntez xthat

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferome;d 5voarert j4f46bb .ter yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.)xyk 2cirg89bgx0n3d
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions ofkyyerfdzct e1t g:di8yy-, .0,e3 /v k Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special 0-w2 z.gleprvl( o ,imx5(ija relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special thvab 9je;cabvmj *u8 0. k75kwxeory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference frames *8x mvuk cae9.b7vj0jw5ka b; that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special re.m v j-aezio hvp1x-/,9bozbg,yd8s )lativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulateq6li) 8evll5 r of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulsee b3mf*x1ab qkzr5,;s:psozouq k2* - rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun zoz s;3,ka oqxb:k5qs-1 *mpr*2ufbe at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationarows3 d)7z :*lpmq i /y9pmn3ldy observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defig/zg8mkg cimsi5o ( 3-ned as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride i)7k 6 .hz) aroint,nugn a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twi uo)g.k7nzn 6it,rh )an is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objecos6pp9xquiivso6 d2/t/d1(d t

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a directkh(gsulrp/- qm ;0 ;anion parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width oa0 -hqgl;; rmspu(nk/f this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel tom6 /lbk3dlu e :a5nxbnh t3/6h its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of lighk elb6/n xh:t6 amb 3udh5n/3lt. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the /,zg6 iz/ darstr2cu5u.pn zd4x2u v-mass of the particlez/v. p4,65i dgctzzux ru -/nr 2du2as

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the alphczd)f-k/h roz- u:*v :4b partkhvp)zr4-z lbo: a ucf:dh/*-icle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speefe j;g.yeybn,; * vol,d. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its norma ,yf*v,l .jn;;egbyo el length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy;u5rc/i ykx( zqut7+g of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?;g7 +irqyz5ut(kuc x/

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy5t3vgf nk1 emynm r -8lr8.9ig of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass d1tienn5g9 k- 8 rvmrfl.m g83youbles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle oqebu -w9 b52yef mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceshi9mrmu t1y8aotm* 5vz-0m2z zbps, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocityovb zz9ttru 1*- mm5a8mym02z?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following de;0hrbvf-m xni3g3j + 4oq dhvw-w9 r0xpends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wouldtlmivh1 2; 3we observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed1 9bysali:;h y t1bnv8 ru0h*bon,n+x , relative to the shore, does it move ibtiy 9ov:n 1hb,*abrl nx81;sy0 hnu+n a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still z3cfuz ld f.9tjkc .i67v)g8swater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading dsz zjfctg c v.8lk 79i.ufd)36ownstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stimz88j(rvgv )z1h np+y 3uk-orll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straiu8)3-g hvo(8 rnpyzzvrkj+m 1ght across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it ;38 kszn/*b9tmfn v/j ujnpz0 is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-hal0p 8j k f9t;vzn/subn*z3/mn jf its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plana xjyq+2jeb7, xb;7b cdu nu-0:uky7let and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has el+y:ab bju l,kunu0c ;xj7b2 x-7dyqe7apsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Whilem -b6xaq dp9,xxv5n )q Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth a-xm9 bqqv 5)nd, p6axxt a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.8088jc:lca7vq yc for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?l8c8j cavq :7y

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed po 5uwc (g2gmzq /t/m3of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper lengcioc ,s;ba2/1vz,p30u fwkdu th (as observed by a stationary obje 3cdsi2ufwc,vz 1k0b/u ,a;poct)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is-)3lf. qkqs;: k+hvrf qi4y frln+glz2-xk1 s at rest. If the spaceship travels b.sylkfk2+3h-rsq;lg x4k)fv- +nfq q:r1z i ly you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauvcn z ypcd0()+67hv ;ffo m/kwri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c r )cf h+76yofvmwcn( dk ;/z0vpelative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solaa bt xz:u0: +)k:eecikr system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elaps:k)x0c ::z+ukeei a bte on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 lightso(ggc)y1 **a g qrdyv)b. r)h years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative thvc )1*a)syo *)qgbdgyrr.g( o the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest 4 otamnf6+kc xn-xa60mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twh e9g5jred/ ew) (sgp:ice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes f90 mzn 6ryx wojz5wt*1kv9:imva :d.yrom 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incr5o:m yyxdzzwmt.vn9wk 9r0 *16:via jease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentumu om q.59 vvlbw0c4)qi in $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losesq9k-h-.fhkx3 n :pf+ gjd.luo $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be releascp*( ;gft 9kzc-iq,o bed if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactiki- 9bf c;o *cp,tg(zqon?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram vmmk 93zyl obo*-3x-u4ev n.xq0*n g y+uqq8hof mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was nd/8)0l-nlt8 metd rcdropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. l 0 r8n)te/d tmdncl-8 It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What i8.qn*e41we tyrkc y*r s the speed of the pr*q8 . ceyw14*yetk nrroton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy./t ae :kgel;p. What is the momentum in e;elkag t/:. p$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reac / caogoszy1qpzz :x8xk6,t96tion in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duringe8u db ri1t8f-2qtq77s- yl ng a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.cbzt)7151:ay jegmyk95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to acceleratl(pl1o yhi (-g0dota(f 9us3he one kilogram of mass from rest to a ve ylp of9ol1h((0g- sa(tuh di3locity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, rm qg+cj plc*f hg3le(o2i(o*86*vdd $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. crk0gy0da0-yd 0 8etla;gw .uyfe- ;sBy what factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest mdu. y8;syal y gwe- 00rk;a d0tf-gc0eass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95cz 0oxa7a1*qou. You measure the speed of light from the Sun to *x o aazoq01u7be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c rela6.grh(gzw t 6.t 42o d.entsrative to the Earth. If the ships are headt.6 rnt4r6e. 2thzgs dga.wo( ed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would ) bdry:ge..o (7sehl qlight travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stathgyq.e7:s ed)o . br(lionary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship*ub +ogq gfqi*r1f-u ilk)(9a then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spacesh*- * oi)r iuu(+ffgalbqqg1k 9ip. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceb*hek+h*. dstlpyz*g(d bi;1ship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the bt* id1l**+ kbesdh;p. gyzh(Earth?

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