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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no wi*,kr zp,4ryx jndows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure wh,zykr,*x4jp r at is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to mef;pwh/,a fm x*asure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their ex t *vxp;vhbu8d6pi7: rperiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometeyle46 )ngrcvh17 fq4n r yourself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity priv.1 n; q5egtfp(t k .mbg-f9xri6i.sonciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unpr6pt 904;bup ofxvvlh 1ovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relat e+f9nmav .*uuivity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativ.z *o6r4ath fpity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference framesa p o4.tf6zr*h that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postul:g, cc)lz4 ql l cst8(bze,m,qate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativirfycxcbe6++;opyt(o ko. * 7bty.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate whis dl1/xlwar :nnv7: p+le in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of +l/ wlan s:v17: nprxdlight, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a statior;8n0;e vp lpfmmr4w8nary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined asi6e abun/cd uhq2( an1 h,6z6j $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traz/akkn,(ovo-rhd66 vp3,pqql m. 6c sveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the so/,va3-doq6q,6n .pp(zmr vl k6 hck other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationcy-isk nkht/9;(:v jec.e8cug; sm x h8p)9fxary observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel tox 12kdv2.u3czgdp/ zt7dsk.e its length with a velocity that approazd.d1k22ekpz .c3t vgd7su /xches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to)u.t8ea4(fsze izo k) its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object(fka zze o)siu48et) ., as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the partic gj rn 9frnext48)b.l/)m9p1poesli ;ln4p)l /9s .; x lp)onrt8irejem9b1gfe

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appn)osj(x+mq,p q)m y/k roaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particlqqykmo +,p)mxs/nj ()e

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passes, you mg76 bl 6r4olfpeasure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must4rlgofb6l6p 7 be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a sbb a4m3+aaxgryd* p.w0/ d,rm peedy proton when its relativistic mass doublebm +*yd/ ab,md30p xarga.wr 4s?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total rvaph-9i 5mo/k elativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doi/-5 pm9ha vokubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle x: u)d1wrf;aj vyk 5(qof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Shi3c;f fjq+e d cl5o)do-p A is moving directly away fr+dcld oqecf 5f ;3)-ojom the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on thef3q1k )xmlmn/ observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increass2 bsdzny(b; j t+gw6l p(0jc+es, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to 45u6 qkloqp:lp12l + yozgdw) the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading uu od5l)gpo 6 k1qqy:+l2plzw4pstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, rebw empl+ 4pz04lative to the shore, does it move in a river that be+p 4wml4z0 pis flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s0priixa*t9 y8 x;w* mjh. uqfb 8if5o; in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river fti8r.uim5bh*0ijx w op f89 aq*y;x;that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a movi0ov3o4ggs a -wng clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationary obsawo30 gsg o-4verver as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 ho,9xz x +lwv,jxurs according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how +jx,w9zx lx,v much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years od gmf weu+q p,,q .c95bob+ex-ld. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is And d5 gbq.muef,9+wec-qob+ p x,rea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brofe2uct09c0d* tb t p)cther takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon fdc9bc*e0tcttp2u0 ) returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward yoqi*o ,abn07s7o:sih ou with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper leng (-/c :c:ji9omog rgnnth (as observed by a stationary objecn: rgo-igco : jmc(9/nt)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. Ifkp rpa a2:.mk1q9x u-c the spaceship travels by you wit:q2rau k1xma.-9 cpkp h a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar syst4p08v887ozrbf l2e1sdnet opem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speedo 7 8 1fd so8r08zp42tlevpebn of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whq.x bg .fm d37cj*6vjr6-cq iyich is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship witc .j r-jqmy3iq.f6 xcg7*d6 vbh a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar systemveq4a 95i; ,(diolnff is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock o (if5 i;a4qofv,e9dn ln the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What i/ha *sk2x-bqyr4sa y /tx*3aq s its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton d u.-ede2ef(dif its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass wapwoga ::j:lq w-i 2ue )bte19eglv3.ill ibw1:w-le :2 aulgt. egj)o3vqpea9:increase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in e jhkd7 *)vf1pcv1(z;rvafn +$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element shg3,7*w1hn)oz ksr vloses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be relerrk /p:6rv )6n1c/ kixr*emej gz n4f)ased if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactio ri ke: /fj 4xm*)rnn 6v/r)gecprk6z1n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram 7gi uslu 51x7oxa(2ru h1v +vpof mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, hel(q b* n5bdcmh9ping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 to(m5*bbh 9cqdn ns of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton 50 4kf- twpjzrj4*kul is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proton *50j4r4 lkzjwtuk-fp?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is5t0cuu7/5 xiohe 9x+*ltuyes jr; m)u the momentum txu97m*+j5ohs;x05yluuetui /c )erin $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whi8 7ig ;vog2om65dfmclch $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost duf ofn2zfb+c +idy2 x0,ring a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95cfchg ,537zlv-k udqn0 ?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are h3sbl;) x8 umbrequired to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity o;h)lum3b8sb x f 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ie ;uoqz(d ;dbi688oy64ah ,0vchsmi$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass incrxjo, d+e(;d /qv cief8eased with respect to itf8,/d ;q+(di evcxoejs rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket trz.yre 3i;ss/5 ifc*2ljjai;m d,dn (taveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speedd./zj c2ni; s,iajlmy5f3 ds*;re(t i of light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If a2 4ka8 :y 64/upsdcoiqzam5oo c:8hwthe ships are headed dire2cw:ui acyz5 s/4qho 6p:8ama 8ood4kctly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fastffuvk,te:cw ; pgc(y nlho/ (+5z 9zi) would light travel from the headlights of the shiv tckif)e;(n+:/f(h w g5zzo,p c9lyu p relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a bb9 t)9 1pov lqj5ugf0speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spacesh1jbu0 b9)fvog l9pqt5 ip. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80x0prrr9 l8mwwb0n,+ - ;l d o+rv+ezrfc. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Erer0rv8o x,l+ p zw+n+- w0 9;bmrdrflarth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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