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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, r.fj4 dmjn8jg)adios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving g fnj 4jj8.d)mat constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley expgi 2: /aymfry1eriment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the resulxdg1 (hyegp fno(((t:pzm 54 sts of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yovdr,dy bt05o(urself if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princm )rmcelzo q4un- 70,6y u5;lhu ior)ciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativ l e2h 9tg3;.qm7ud tf2isng93/xocjoity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativj d( vbjzre 6on1/c+.kity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special tu7tq *ipg tfzv0:5q) nheory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in reference framesz t 5vungqft*p: )07qi that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of speci,ldpytw4 9 r6b-yva9 aal relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of specrgi6 (r+ etg*gwv/z*iial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away frovr40uk q- u; v*rc6wqfm the Sun at a speed close to the speed or4 qv k-q0;f*c u6vurwf light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationarypf7e)+q7drgu observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined a7h rm9iuonq c g4- apo+d5ts33s $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in aty;o f0v n+pym,k/m4j space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant syvt0m,o4j nm f /k+;pytar and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movind8 c/j ;*jk wd*ndhar3g object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vey+ 0tqdwgv3 4e z9gqj7locity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured b9q4 ed zg0vyqg w7+tj3y a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pa .tk(laa 4i+)9rmmjbm rallel to its length with a velocity that approa( 4rjm .itmkab) 9lma+ches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of lightotcdog)cy4 4s t hd+(*, the mass of the particle*yg dtco( tsc+h4d4o)

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a partifl94okaxpj.b)cz t5fhs s n2+gw/ d:5 cle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particlezd.)s jh92sck5t 4fbwpa /g :lo5 fn+x

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high spy/0dvgoqln- /w.l, bh eed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you concludno/qlvdly.0 /,bw - ghe that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic nzj+jur4lku ;e/fne(7+xa21 bdj c;d massje ufnj+ xd+k b;z1;j(2ed/7racl4u n doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistii ,b3ejj:a f0ec energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublesai e ,fj:3be0j?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle omfys9 p3bq8l(q dut*n z.5.r;q,rjagf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Ship A is u t+0/h xxomj 00n8xxtas 0fb2moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Suj 2oan hft+08u0 / t0xxsbxxm0n. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depend(u10nb/mbifb -jv2yv s on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would oylzr 9*l a:mq3bserve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to ton /n4uzywv zvhxp) 3 6i3is/ly.4fk.he shoriuh.kx3v n yo. lwziy4vz p6s3) /f4/ne, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. lng8o1/o( kom; , mresy(6ignWith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s syle61 ;om,mgionrkg(no 8( /if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what 8:lr ; j)+lhyv (f vloz4e3ksvspeed, relative to the shore, does it move in)yz ellf ;v4ok(hsv v8 jl+3:r a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a sta n z)hgjj*0p*d9wj lpak4p 3o(tionary observer as running at one-half itsnlzpkpgh *3apjwd j*j4( 90 )o normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a p+k9 j :ajr1nziw 7klovs;*l3llanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on t:rw3;vl9+ 1kl*7a oi nkjsl zjhe spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initial7q9r -c c yh9mjp9 eu3nrbdeup64-,bq ly 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns,p7 9 crjc- ,pe9qq-yh96 3nebum4ur bd Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip wdi0*xv g;tvcm1g zk+.4h2nl lith a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. g*igz+d mthc 21x4ll;vvn.0 k Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed(s6ic yb9k1s j of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to;.36p1khh;i jalk+r, cceg lh half of its proper length (as observed by a stationary objlki,1+hpah crhl ; .6kge3cj;ect)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 qr aud44ad,ssr1 ),gvm when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to yo4,a ur)1ds4qrs avgd, u?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.36km./x;d t0g7 gtjofl+d5t jl0 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed o765+g t.0lmxj/ ogd tlkfdjt; f 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha x(a l5muayxm .v.x ub20a( pk1Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much aa(m..(vxmx0 uuy p2a5kb1 lx time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centaurirpp )lj boq/k3e4+ ,vk, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship wip e4kj qbp v)+,kr3/olth a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its g(v :1qht7b dgmass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proto5wn sx8v+ 4bnvr k(tsc87az2w n if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your massj4 6e*c m9yh4fugx oy ,.vodm: will increm x ou 4yf.ce6*ohv9,y gmj4d:ase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum x8k fuf1x :o9oin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elementv+okok/*1s0dn8wm6hzzp6/s 0xjx k z loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost -rziov9; ai1u1 s p(7 itcpk*gduring a reacti79c(pk;1u i1vz-gpsi *rt ioa on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogqrvcdm wu(bb y5gv* w3n n2e*.kf p+)8ram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was 9fnida963in6 zh5sig1w r0i6zirm +cdropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tongrw fizz+i3a9nr i5m6i1c6d9 i0 sh6ns of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. -qy; * e+l)z7fk4fr ,yuhkini What is the speed of the profnyl) ;kr y,4ki*z-+fqu7 heiton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is710w ercbo;wb.(pwov the momentum pv;1ro 7oe 0bwbwc.( win $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) dvzqtr2 khaia6* : 0k6ht3t0z iuring a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction g elhb*z/m6w1 in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total ener8wglb;1z v3tf8hg2q h gy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilognty8kc0 :6go3ag1 df3g;i tgyram of mass from rest to a velocity of : cg;yio a0d1kgf3ty 36ntg8 g0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, zssw56gdf- z3$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accele; frlm 8s8,ccyrated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect;csl,r8 cfmy8 to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure tjjg l,0c:0w cmhe speed of l0 jjwc0, :mgclight from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at zoug29vkt02 a 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as mekz goa 9t2v02uasured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. Hou- l s5g(tia(tw fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary obse( a-it(gst l5urver?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speegp;wz ku+ w8fp9w r*x/d of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away frokpwgw*u; xpf8w 9z+/ rm the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth65 )mwv gai lf3bx).mi with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is)vifb5aglm)x. m63 w i fired toward the Earth?

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