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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, o3 6wgt2 t.ork leg3v6bp pfm k+1-wui)r other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is. 6-lg1w3t32kfer pm +kvb)puwogit6 stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was dqe,b 1w-be 6toesigned to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded frof jdx7zns ; 2x-wt fw+d-px*l(m the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourselaxz9*/)eg ioe (e;bz h5nk0vaf if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pr; v4cxc1il qf7 ()fbqjinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonia1cgmz+ :rsue e9 lqe7.n relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativitg/ o.9mez (wkzy

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulati pvg( vnw.3hd *2xvnn)fqkh;.ng the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the same in referen.vwhq3vn;* )xn 2n v fgk(.dhpce frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativity.e:3eg .ww 4d+ +famcpl
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special h*2:r ibrh hv7relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure ynlvwy l6h ,.l/v wk.r5our pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you woul l6.v5klr .vwny,hw/ld find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a :vrzuh: tn*l / -v4etfmoving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is define *wc zdfljw*s5i l3hzk/ jwf86i28r2rd as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a spac8:obx mt 8 f/fkfh7sm8(tr8pee ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other 8 7fmrxkt t:hef8(fpsm o8b8/twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving obju;me nzi(;q e+ect

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paralajl,9fw+lxbg, *.hy llel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as+j*lwhfalb y9.,x g l, measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction par xanke 5z-*;uw la..jt go9.tdallel to its length with a velocity that approache lzuagx * .9wk.tnaod5j-;.tes the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches we6up55 -c 1wydwcqv3the speed of light, the mass of the particlc w6-5q35yvue d1wwcp e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches tpkx77/-i zgfs min blkhd)j9t;1r*n(he speed of light, the momentum of the partt;fl9i i-bg /h7szk(p *dnm k1)rj7xnicle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it pas)4po g.q gui-rmfl, js* ..zhhses, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's ma*ql4 r)h.ims.z, g.j fhou g-pss must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its rel(dt pgy.v0, imativistic mass doyi.g,t m0p(vdubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a spee 3liinypa;c4b7 n4+aedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?e4piin4 abalc ;3+ny7

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of guz )q;s ygk+jzw* xj7zk2wsvu:5o- 9mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight lijh glsoa6qq;+2 sks;1ne. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light c;1sqga klqs;+s26hjo oming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frakndnv23;l-h pj9kr wys5; f ;zme of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would oriw2ehilfi)yp0 7f+at+ 1ju3) x,re jbserve

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 57yoci0ueuok .dr;4t m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a rive54ci7 o;0ket r u.udoyr that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. Wq/fdfi l 7. 9fymsxe,*ith what speed, relative to the shore, does it move s*i l.9my,ed/q f f7fxin a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the9 zrhz6jrz q:zoz2e0(r tmq1yyd p406 shore,h0y6d 0p q69t2jqzmoerr( 1: zzzzy4r does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it ivy 6z97hglny*ifyl x;ru*ow37.n0 yks to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-*lxvir. 7ghy69n 3 fl o y7u0*zkn;ywyhalf its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet w0bsyw. q4t:f and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceshiysw.w :b qt0f4p is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. Womw 5dmbto.14g q8ll9hile Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea l g d4 w9b1qm8mo.tol5returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a spes/(m-ck1z2m3renn f7i3 ewl yvc b8u4ed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to t- 3s8 e c2kc4n y(/ufielvmmwb3rz1n7he Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length yh*7j ts 0,fo/5,sbxavk;n 7 e4rhlse?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have trl p tm-g-b8/.j fkdch..oh: )wqu( fbo move to contract to half of its proper length (as obsegq/:)hf k. h-m 8 t.dr.lc- bjpwou(fbrved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travwf;f4th2q yw5els by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to yot54q;yw fwh2 fu?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 7lw+a7plh 5z8oheg0 llight years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distanlohewl 7h0 zl8 5+ap7gce does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light h)jl9x 4 ld 3-snkhdv0kri5 r8years away. A spacejl5r 830 n4hkldv hk- rxsd9)iship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar v2qojgua:w 36 system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative :gaoujwq632 v to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass4we3p: m )k sm9 fyto1oxwf9e5 is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if61 iwpzdfz: x0s7g+w+ww sm:n its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaces8z8t4 zed qduz *q-;ethip goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will z8t;4-dtze 8*zqq deu increase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum io:y:fgnr7y l gqh6joj(r 0-5u cm;sl 5n $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemps jf )n8voppr*n); 2qnt5zj9 ent loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of materia clymtdnn/ ri 355:ph+n,ve h)l was lost during a reacti3nhn)+/nhc :t,e5lmiyrd5 pv on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest icqz;zz (hp+:vs

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagax3m 8o 2vvj2cesaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this tookxjm238 o2vcev place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its tota5;:(0zhmximvwt qm m+rx,vx:l energy. What is the speed ofwmx q m;ir:t+ hvmzm5v(x,x:0 the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What 05 qwyz:fssdz8 ;.vlzis the momentum i8z5qzzf ;d .l0y w:svsn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during xemyi s pj57/xpp);oh q,+yd:a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whitsi3+i(j j p)zsz6s7kch $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron movic+ (a0uv+qslyng with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerow;2 rup6f9bs c7yj9cau m 4s;ate one kilogram of mass from reu; cr 2s a m79o9cfyu6bj;s4wpst to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 3; 44p8o ,jsbmmf 3q.jw nlgmc$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mas/;f:k bascbnjenqq6,u .*a-n s increasefqck6nna,-na;.jqbbu *s/ :e d with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measureu6 2ebfxveax;rws9*j )u v16 7jdkj 5e the speed of light from the uwvd627u ;kj 5xe )erf *xv1bje9a 6sjSun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relalwi,z ww 28gfmt0l+d*tive to the Earth. If the ships are headed wlwt8z g *fw+20d ,ilmdirectly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveli-pq66sy; )v.mth3x;d iir ehcng with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlig;-; )ihy ti 6hcvse3rq.mpd6 xhts of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. g;5 pei*is*kh The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired awak5es ;i* pi*ghy from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away07:nce p e*ojt)6zheo from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the e7ot0* pzjc6n )e :oehspaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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