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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceshi2 pbx4q(pv23. 8a;0ma xdkz xo6cn gnfp that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or ;qx(oxdgz a22m3kn64pxc .8 f nba0vpmeasure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measure:erl1 5 dntn1n

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the rb ,1lv7c1z+npq)va q(ju8 l0yf a 6niuesults of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the followi 3nog th0zvz)/ng components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princzym:s g.) dc*yiple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativh 2*,nz9ad5cs4c drrm v+u tv:ity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special reyyk e mrjjj848a8uc41 lativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity wa9+b//cq,stmq(r2 j csyj f d.ns that the laws of physics are the samr2j q.s dt/bc+9yj cmn/,f (sqe in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postul3 n,m: rhqz1dnate of special relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relatm .z;ukc0m v,h4a ajb:ivity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moy2im.76jc+m a,xn z ooving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it6oo+mn, ci7yzma2 x.j was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary obsrmr*3kub(2dwq0hs9 si. s:zgerver, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as i ojt3.ez3ozdm mwt50 ;1rapqevj6;* $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveloe.4u),+bo +rlnufpi +4 ortwing at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains ob+4porn ot+. 4 u+oi rwe),fuln Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving objec;hxlp*: 5y0p km w okee h5j64czet*2lt

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity t-, yru;i tdigdn07zl4hat approaches the velocity o digiz07r d-ult;n 4y,f light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lengt r2rtrf tsh6c+,:rp 8rh with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observerhrr2tprr +c8tr,s:6f,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of t0uholo 4+v 3zihe particlez+ol43vio h 0u

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of the *kfj u9ox 1vs379oupvpa 39p7f uv *kjo1sxou9vrticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by 3./cbzk*q a 8tkmu:huyou at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. Frk:3.uz kmq* c/ tbuha8om this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the 3zvhm39j8s clkinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubvc9j3zmh8sl3 les?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its 6tzee*vlbo ;c,wsfw o 3ptw(mwl7.8)relativistic mass dopom3),6e;f(ww *c7wb8t.zetlswl v oubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle r+tp l ;7at,mrof mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c civ)t; yr- s7xin a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocit )ix v7;-cstyry?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends 5 p;o wp4omfzy18hw5c on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observn,)h dsr ya1a)uakun *iqj.etf (g3 *9e

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shoc5z9fzbr ;2 lrre, does it move in a riverb zc2fr l59zr; that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to t*ceb9 :c,kr.nlmemn1he shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s 9r ne1klm,e:cmbn. c* if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With whp7z,g;+ rfyjby8i m j.at speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading strai7jzg r8b i+m,jypfy ;.ght across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed by a stationarymlshaye2;4 9f pa11qu;eq 5y t observer as running ufy2lasqtyhe19; ; am 5 qe14pat one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a dyesl.asyxt,i (:k qb.,2d s;nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time .dx,as ;bq(.y2: tkl sydse,i has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 yearse x0 np+hq3b.u old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How n+0eq.b uhx 3pold is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spb z6omkll-j;* unextat9, t;pp1rk2 7ace trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaces6ako 97ltmj2b tu, k-e 1;xptzp* rnl;hip. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a s.9zrkyuuv7(fc-; de wpeed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its f (pz s/ b4cvgybgkcb36c;3e: proper length (as observed by a stationary ozegb3 y3c:gpcf 4vb; k6sc/ (bbject)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travel1n fbv; k v cthd9i*o/zoj-8+is by you wit1 k-b zvi 8vjdhtiof;o/cn9 *+h a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar syre-n w9 xv0jrykn l73(t: hp 7w4ycw3+r rme0pstem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant s0:rec07ehr(wwwy33 7rrk jlm4-n9p v n t+pyxpeed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light l phlwca+fj dp 6z :t/u(v;.:oyears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth tr o zvh(6:/w;f.lt+uacjl:dppavels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.3 ege(s/ooff729pr ud*0 light years away. A spaceship wipf 2ofs9reo7g (ue*d/ th a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The res a.z+ sl;.afalo ) ytjlvc39,ot mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its resth ;vt t q6vnjr;7tp(h7t.rq/.w ysor8 mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c6m9fg )j,4dwtz.z9gx;xak wc, then your mass will increase bygax cj9t;zwk4fzwxm. 6 ,)9 gd

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in lwlnj6+ + 8 zs/u0ycyv$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an eld22 sh4z 0yf-9pbme .raivz/ zement loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of mat 0se/px+wz(nig9ute .erial was lost during a reaction? usgw0 9eip.etn/(+xz

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilogram of mass at r cj0 b+d,dw*b/z(xifgest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that w2h j9h *;eqp1z7pdrqb as dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It releasedrjzd 71phh;pe29 bqq* energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed o219pb db:hrd2vflzl4jnd +* k ubtr-4 f the2:nblrdrbb4 hv* j14d+- tu pk2 fl9zd proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of it (np8u6q8dh rls total energy. What is the momentum in(qdh 8pn 86lru $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction9tc5 yg 9,p c-rmxkm; huvv3p9 in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost,c0;n n5 ;wg ernot+xhaytv4; a-pi/j during a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total en64ix7p4erj tinfpjb5.f2hn- h)c*jj ergy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are requirem-9xcb6) jqzrq , pb1jd to accelerate one kilogram of mass from r6jxm b, pj cqqr-zb19)est to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 3,i-7/h0d7ig2f nzk d xvt fnqp(/rht$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated thr+;3ty oqkkl i9f7qrjg(k 7i6rough 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respect to itsg6( 9y+oi;riq3fql77ktk rkj rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measunj. d9o8nhq0 v2r7yvpm e86fsre the speed of lig9qyjnfh8p 780vr6 2o nd.v mseht from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are travelin q,l):iiy)p q ;0uvazcg through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measuredl 0cu; ):z,iqpyqv)ia by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling wj nn gpw: 7m-8k0wbm1nith a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the nbw 0 n-8:1 gk7nwmjpmheadlights of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away f 3 x zk(5/z;ouqg 3kjx6ais0lhrom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0h;3z jg350s xaxil6( koz kq/u.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Eart56duqywgia f239nk; z h with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with96u23ay;ifgnqw 5d zk a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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