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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no winmwr2 f5 *8 ov5jx60jcmoik-kodows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine62o*jcx -m5 j r 0mo8vkfowik5 if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designg8vhu cx3 x, qmoz19b+ jpx9v5ed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their exz+aja.-;bto-v wv h6o periment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourmzl/ot8ox j. ghp.q1yega+6n/gl qc (6a:ke+self if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.- n pbsk)214ssclqlp7
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable ah ,2fnk7-1lzgzynxeo)c g z6 4ssumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relatiu725 u apdqoq7*(:mkd5m s buuvity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativit8ybe ro:ohvys8e-vp cg (f51/.tu1 xqy was that the laws of physics are the same -s geut(v .r8eq1 /ooyhbf 5:yc 8p1vxin reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relaire 6fl(x9tla6 8wvw1n0h j v6tivity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special r(hahp8b1k:yr elativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceshir . b.pc/x)cxdp moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the s..bp rcc dx/)xpeed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a moving cloc 9*6nkuu et0p:rsb 0rak

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defwwf os dk)q600ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes;n2-bg) r lteq,u rn,yl1y 4gr a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remg r-,le)yug,b2 ;r1nrntqy 4 lained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a3b py+:24lh xv/tj mw(ic:p;zt5a izj moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a v; 1 nx0xfvd-jjelocity that approaches the velocity of ligx d1x;n 0jf-jvht. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction paralc bc/4e2 cb w *qiu2;t+t90hi lupif.tlel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object,i 2 tq wbltcep *cch4it0u/u+9;i2f.b as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, thx 8:t;p+l;guby, :od6v qjgbce mass of the particlec t;+b g6u:x:g8v o,bdp ;lyqj

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentum of 7f1acxr7 4zhut-w-d aw0s2m oa 20ynethe particl1dz -o7xn274waaume wy0r- sa0 t2fh ce

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a verjd c4f,vh ;t4zhh *6jz7q1 xygzw4;hjy high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the mxz4fh1v yhq z jw4 jjt67*;g,hzd ch;4oving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic wjc4t1cbx2 hhqwj .;b+s wee3/4e2tx energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doublhwhq+t 2/ 1t.eecwj4bs xe;4cxjw3b2es?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its rel/ kx u3 btwlq9te1qrj,*uu p:0gl:x7iwzj 5y/ativistic mass double3wyu bp j/90 : x* etqlurwztuqjg7k5ix1: ,l/s?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of m.ogn gh q/8;a:vrwn*x ex x (cm4hhu,8ass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. 5y( .emm0ucshj6cv2h : cwr: j Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming frj.2hcm6yjre (umv 05s:cwh c:om the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's frame of refeqe5fw,gxw9 ylo nd 5)6rence?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increaseskj378 /ckedbe, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, mel zk2w6z5bx f/f p*9yqy6o 3relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is head p6yw3 bk*o yz2f/6lm9qf5xz eing upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relav8r49z pl2- k8es- sji5: jrlwweud.utive to the shore, does it mov8-dusl pwsvjz -kl.9wj ue8 2ire45r:e in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.i/-v2;d ich lm0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the rv/hi; md2 li-civer?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to dq /aiz4+nn d;fyo6 4vbe observed by a stationary observ+noidv 4 n;y/d46afq zer as running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hoxf/tfk, ze-pk;2jw n *urs according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of tht-zp*/nf exw kj;kf, 2e spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are inityhnmr- oh j((vaw. 3f4ially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Eart4 nrf(y v(.j mo-h3whah, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for u) 1aiwx;g*(jlruwr b v.* xh/30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon re*(*wrra .ju bx u/w1hvi)lx; gturning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you wi; snu-f*mo 7zxth a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper ltzew;dvgt d2 r+ kn4:4ength e4dznw4 ;v r+tkdt:g2(as observed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when i/+co)trsfik 0 t is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70+)k/ rctsoi0fc, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alph o .8em 4r+s2rl1cc yly5j8vbk7o5bdha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years aw 4hly5rc v2o71 mk+ebd5ocr8l8jsyb.ay. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha C1 ob 5cu,jvy0 i7k k+o2bwy/rbentauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on aoi/o21k bc,jrkybvbu y +50w7 clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which xm*u 4bvpd7h7 is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relx b 4pmdu*v7h7ative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85cq-+ 9,ozhy zon. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton b az a-0.gy/.0kuqvdx if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to m tf)w/zi9 vbq -j*l7;4j*x5fsnm uyhkd*m 0k 0.6 c, then your mass will increase0s)m;/5b-vlz h m* kjnq f74twjy*kxd m*fui9 by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum lceyvj q816 )xin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemenhwe-0(q 7lecsi4: z bot loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg3njrb gk1rn//rp9g pfl0- 5id of material was lost during a reaction 3ji-f0pg/kdbr9n/lgrrp 51n?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy wj)5t5o:x a1 ldr)j pkequivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 kille4f2eksh9kny1 d 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equ94f1kyek nhs2 ivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a protoz-g9moig / ka+5-(xclxe md.hn is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the xxml95 eoz.g -/d(imkgh a+- cproton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% ofw i)v*b urmas.:t(awkk * 6c1o: xg5us its total energy. What is the momentum insa*bwvu: r) u ak(wo6is.1cx5mg* :tk $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in whsbsw:+sz , ew5ich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in which fy ; ,i:aqj-3 zfn82wn1rll2r;hhn dc$1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electre7q(evmb ma /f 4p: de3soept:988c bgon moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass froa mb-q. wfuok,.q0 r+rm rest to a velocity of 0.866-qmr fr.a.qko+u w, b0 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ah0q/pp)t st6 y sf(v3$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass jdc ,98(p kkpgp5 rab+increased with respect to its kcgardbjpp 58p9+(k , rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measur* 7 pgt5- l)ytjhwgd0ie the speed dy0w i t57h pgjgl)*t-of light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. Ig+on,m 1:-4 hslpkwim f the ships are headed directly toward each other, what igi1:k-4mo mh+splw ,ns their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light trav( xpfpjf3kv;u)k:hc j j :ydm,;mqz2(el from the headlights of the ship rela2fkv(f :yjujm:)pmk;h(,jzq c;x 3p d tive to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth witf*y;k 8uaq0 kqyx* 2rih a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fir*qkf*a2y8qy x ku; i0red away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. t;rf9ngr 1.o b The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by obserrf ob 1rgnt.9;vers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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