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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship ff,4stpr3lkka ky 1ay9jv.gn,+1ej/ that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at c/ je1v.4 ytnsrla3yk,jk +fap9gfk , 1onstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to measurr/ xro4 o2* vk8,oq)i+mpy ojse

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of thei4l6vsh cn7:aqxoz0 k) r experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if6y9wqxh.af + m ,st0d5 oluqk2 you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlea h5 w*0u8vi3bqnyxj )1g7pkk .
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galip ,78t0n fey.khb ngh;lean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special7 1fe2 knb;robx: lhv5 relativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postkok,r1*ct5dq(g cbl,ulates in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are the saodl bkc,q *g1krt5c,(me in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of spew 6f v+omo* pzfhbibz-q-4v:,cial relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of spe 0y9vdve2a ib:.w9y .he7tcbccial relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away fro5eeou llsy*0: m the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you :elu5y0 l* esowould find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationz(. m2avgts t*ary observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is de q,h-o*f.bojq7/zwgum 99ntsez 1x;m fined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling at a very high spe eg*u)o30hu mbed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remainegb u0* e)u3mohd on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationar6caztsk ,ag0m5idvs;7diz4 - y observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity that appdx ) my e/bgp(;j2b(bj 1lmme2roaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measupme /lj2j(yebbdm1m g 2b) ;x(red by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a velocity th0.k3w. qst dggat approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as mea0g3qkt .g. wdssured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the sudel/1ifmv/ex+c4+ 5 9 rhmxr peed of light, the mass of the particlxer+u1/h+ e ilx 9v5c4mrf/ dme

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the momentunz zb2 rvg91g/2h4sts48 xm asm of the parzmg4a 4sshxt g/ 18nb2 sr2vz9ticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passesd0 0 h:5vnaxfr, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measuremenhx0:v0n5f rdat, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mae- 34kr;d 0tpu.pp c,qgl6hglss doubles,rkte g.dch0pq3lu 46pgl p -;?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energyos;i:)t+jjp:wm 9tu u5ec.+r fe hu:y of a speedy proton when its relativistic mit;:yejhp :5uc. ot:wruu 9sj+)e+ mfass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass oj rmmy0+zj iid (y)r,1o-l7s7tflo ; $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a s;5r cdqqu+un; traight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measur ;u dcn+qqu5;re for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following dependslf;7gtzwtp v wu.) ,;+ lqqg,f on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship3mm0 pzh rk2f3h)p g*b increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shor5h 2ynyivr0 do4+ 5 a8 n,4i9rhuqbwcee, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if v2inwuhr i0 h9q+58rb4e,ny 54coa yd the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still 20klb g+g5t wj8:ltk v, p 3peb(,khxj+lz9niwater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 5lp,kpw 2e lgx9l njib( +:t0bj8z+tkvh3g,k1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s (oy +6jq)c pohin still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does y(jcq o +ohp)6it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is tobd: bej/j) q7ipwx9uw;*o3l f be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rajb7bp feio :3)/wqu; *9 wxjdlte?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns izl9t,li2gbi *n 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of thb 9lzi2igl*t, e spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. p(q xxc,7s1nwu7wla 1 While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earthlx(w7swu 17axn,1cq p at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twinfjk j*pbramj/- t3njm/p*m 0/ brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years accor *p-/k*b/jmj30 jnmjm/ prtafding to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is itw8 vcjn+t8(b0 v(7dk np;xglss length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocipz asq7eqo1 (k 9m96ng-skk5ket ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as observ6 es q(ks gzp-ko5qn19i9ma k7ed by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is p15-d/nk xaqh+ii/rf10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appe+p1 xqa-/d i hfrni5/kar to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is i-do z)xm+v7;t * r. mqmo4sha4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant sp-o rsm) omdmitx;7 aq*zv+4.heed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light yqtski 5l5kr2 l:/rc6 f)e2j xoears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.8)k5qk clr5sf t2olx j2e/6i:r00c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, whic,b3i5vbwunn8 h is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Eabu 8ibn n,w35vrth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is i4od 7r tj0-zlfay :4vww+;nf cts mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its masab p z/.k s trpvw/3ds3h.*go2/+vngvs is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of yorw3h6t-ms;dv / /mg0lo hor f:ur spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increase 60;dtlg/mmh3 /: f-srowr vhoby

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in8v h zts mbl:o3;y w//u1/uqwz $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element lo xw3yt: tfc0al,l6/1) fjtnbhrr3 pk,ses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.bm:n, zjya 8yh/o) *qm0 kg of material was lost during a reactia,*hybom8j:mq n )zy /on?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy ece 1o-9e covmzh; +(k8zwner;6gdte )quivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killeximt3 7ipomz l7 s:dq6((dww1 d 140,000 people, helping to end World War II o3wdx6di mp(z7i( qow:1s lmt7n the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a procb gkcr5e21 i+g s,z0 kx-tbfy-la;m. ton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of t; y-z-+1cb5clkax,bm0sf .gki2er g t he proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of8jj lkz).xjvcu87s e0hy:vt ) a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in jts :l07u.v hj) )zke8 jc8yxv$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reactiomglls28o q kj+n0) po-*l2pa 16eglphn in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost durinafs.k;+px3u vk j,9kcu,6n k bg a reaction in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.9jg7dq9 ph 4hx95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are r44a 5sny:/sz n6zhoq yequired to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a vela y:n6o5 q 4syhsz4z/nocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, nzw8d y7qdq 1; oo6ba($1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what factor has i mw/36pzj :uzrts mass increased with respjpr u3:wzz 6/mect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from ther 34yzra(y vav4n7w,a Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed,yaa44v(vyarr7z 3n w of light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are trav*sbi:i cr1lq 5e* dad(*,vqcreling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what s(b1 li:r a cd,*vdeqqic*r5*is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed ofau w15 +uoegm 4mdffryar; 33 23tt)ra 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary ob32a5romwer3tfu ) 31r4ua +tg;dyf maserver?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. z0(c3s hy)zv1a4mo vi The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.5miv)y3av zz 0c1sh 4(o0c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fro4gl2i dg:el7 bogxl. (5th0jnm the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the hl2jl o.0n(g 4t:gixlde7bg5missile is fired toward the Earth?

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