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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity



 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means for s* wrrfxktdo9th /mk41x r-a 9sx19g;you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at com 4o9d1sf;t9kskgxr r9w1* trx h- a/xnstant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designizdlk2 (6+ -jv j t9f+4hehuahed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of their exp p5vb,am1:uixguk.wsc i)/r0( dkzv 2eriment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer your0x:sn64ycorhr le ,z9self if you use the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principlei 4gygkm rzd4r8,2j2, gm7ubi.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Gaww-* r u:becl+lilean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special rel6uimwtv( l .jn wk6c)6pcq, x0ativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity wasw 3w)8vrewae64mws*5z) j qub that the laws orzjweqs8um ew*vab3))w5w6 4 f physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special wf,yx6-crjk8sfr/ o6 relativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special relativiqd+xj)hr.*hm*gr cq0t*uc 7dty.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate :ws7,:p-ebd8pawphf ay-c* twhile in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you woul*pyh:,be pas tw7-fw pc:a8d-d find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observe a, /4ioqng:. bwkz6ffr, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is def gi/wlit,xm*9ined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a r4fysjd;jzv+uyszc 0 6+db.: qide in a space ship traveling at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicd 4+vsb s.d0cu zzjy6 +j;yqf:ts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a movcn9y6d )ihs*d ing object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its let7/(kw p -rg k5g9rnn )ofk;aength with a velocity that approaches the ve k; go)trwkn/pga5e( k9f-7r nlocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to nvs1zxr3422*eqtt je o(fp t. its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary observee p(r sqexf.3* vztn4 12t2jotr,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mass of the z :waa8,r*tg aparticgat,zw8 r*:aale

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches t, ::1v2 rz6asp,/ ya8,-hircd8d o oztvniqhlhe speed of light, the momentum of the partrp6:c/h 1ldd a,yv8vhno- 28 qir,iozt: zsa, icle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it panjsv;ohw1vr m ew3u6a0 238zbsses, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that t 6wmv w21 r;0h38ezvbsu3jnoahe moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy protxf8k 0 fe sn*0a(mmz.zon when its relativistic mass done0zkfsmaf0.xz m*( 8ubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total rela,)v5ax ;ano;m*w5rbih m t)uativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic ma5v5ih) ) aa, xtuo;wnb*mm ;rass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle oy z6qglti 7j3(q;h9 thf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Sh1quq *l :ax7o y9vzwtz*40 ;stnk0xi wip A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocit9a;xt*yx ni 70zkzuo0q 4:wq wl*s t1vy?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's fray0kjfscu57qp,e4e .m me of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you woul4zc 0a5hy//wvla6 ybed)+ol hx: p+g xd observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 ramvw 8)j6tzuk7 x1t( m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, doartt uw zj18()7 mxv6kes it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative ton*,9v7 vrcbxz the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstreamr cbvnvz*x97,?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s iny9c6 8hhbhq5j still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight9yqch85 jb6hh across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel5xfb q ;lm) o84w7jvkyfs 7xg. if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rglo fjxwbf) v 5ky7 48q;.xms7ate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and rvw/40jah +pamd yw5 3ceturns in 10 hours according wdap 4cm5w /3+ahjv0y to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Cour/nddv,; o8r6knt. hpk;x s,y-i)gu mitney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from d;,s) omip;r, 6x ykg n nd/-htk8i.uvEarth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a spa n)c,f2yu)i npce trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according u)y, incpf)n2 to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is i1:3w v1sctuo yts length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rock2opht-t g)s 7bet ship have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as obsero7h)bsg t -p2tved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 0go8 eu/4z4 eia /ouke)oe.b r10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length does ka4) /zo /oee4 e8uegbo r.iu0it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light 9n w;ii nqlr7au;xm,1z,56)l t ss qppyears away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according tzn 5p ,,);q9m67s;tlq nii ux rw1plsao a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauriwal4do nd vre3u,.2 0g, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship wi2urld v,dgn3 0waeo. 4th a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system imn9bc4ou:+fy3*us9rv/p ojd ug m-(us Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth trr/(9du+n 4*yo j - pugs3m ovuc9fbmu:avels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is 34bnf4l6 vu*) ,ccv rhzxc xg;its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a u8g h*.r:frw cproton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, fekj05o7c* md then your mass will increasko75 0f *emjdce by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in0xo* gn6agwng, y)1+ )gf4lb2iti zet $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an eleme, ox g8a4+crb8helk eb8xq*b.nt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reacti rx nwrs 6dh9,-m/u/u4tygb1ror sy4x-rt6m/dug1bwh9n, r /un?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kia)d1) :yohp*v)b3 3jclszh:gw a b bk4logram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was ds.uiqc7 o0kn7ropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How muk7o.s0niq cu7ch mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is uv b l40t:llce0)-ld+q jtoo380% of its total energy. What is the speed of the proton? o3 4-uoql)0v:letjd+ bcl 0tl

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton 77c u*pia6g vspjz,8jc5.vccis 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in ujczg cs,75c.7c8vapj 6 *pvi $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in b2h df p5 jk3vqg,ne) 3e(2azzwhich $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reactiix ox/9br1n o85d3hbaezmb7q3plpp-0 vw6/w on in which $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moviuh7 ulj;xt d0xd)7.rmj-pur4ng with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of enedp6o))wd/;lll/0u jui ne a :brgy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from rest to a velocity of 0olw/l/uu;in 6p) :e0l bjd d)a.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 2 sw6;l )wr,q4rfeycr$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100fui8y+z (q---e zfld4:bx cqs kV. By what factor has its mass increased wl4cy d+u sf(fz xiq8-bqe-z:- ith respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun atc7sv)sn8 1rvs 0.95c. You measure the speed of light from the Sun tovs)7n18 rs vcs be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c n21dfj * q ph6u9llpx,ky/j d7xg +0pprelative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each othe9 uk yh1jqpgd*p/+,2xd7 fx0 npl6 pjlr, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed of 0.80c. How fast wo7lb uidmm8* giz5pdk; x-m()quld light travel from the headlights of the ship relativemp ibkmu-7) ;*8dmx(lg z5d iq to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fro7ddhqvjb *x.vq93 s+ sp4 -: gwvqsw9sm the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a sq :xsqj* sv +bq4w.p v9vd-7 dhs93wgspeed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a spb(, 0iibsv) 3xp:v7rdc m 1lzoeed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with 7cxlpbi vizo3b,: s) 0v (mrd1a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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